Phenotypes associated with this allele
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
Tslptm1.1Pcn mutation
(0 available);
any
Tslp mutation
(14 available)
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homeostasis/metabolism
immune system
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• MC903-treated mice fail to exhibit an increase in eosinophil and lymphocyte counts compared to in similarly treated wild-type mice
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• MC903-treated mice fail to exhibit an increase in eosinophil and lymphocyte counts compared to in similarly treated wild-type mice
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• compared to in wild-type mice at day 16 following application of MC903
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hematopoietic system
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• MC903-treated mice fail to exhibit an increase in eosinophil and lymphocyte counts compared to in similarly treated wild-type mice
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• MC903-treated mice fail to exhibit an increase in eosinophil and lymphocyte counts compared to in similarly treated wild-type mice
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• compared to in wild-type mice at day 16 following application of MC903
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Taf10tm1Lzt mutation
(0 available);
any
Taf10 mutation
(13 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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mortality/aging
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• neonates die within 3-4 hours after being removed from their mothers in contrast to controls that survive for more than 24 hours
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homeostasis/metabolism
integument
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• extensive penetration of X-Gal dye in newborns compared to controls
• fetuses have a 15-fold higher transepidermal water loss than controls
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• no multilamellar structures are seen between granular cells and corneocytes, only vesicles are located in the intracellular spaces
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• terminal differentiation of keratinocytes is impaired
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• cornified cell layer is always reduced or absent in about 70% of the skin surface
• in the remaining cornified layer, lipid lamellae are either not formed or highly variable in thickness and contain 10-fold less corneodesmosomes than controls
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• cornified cell layer is always reduced or absent in about 70% of the skin surface
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• approximately 80% of lamellar granules do not contain lipid disks
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• skin becomes dry when neonates are separated from moms
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• skin of neonates is more sticky than controls
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cellular
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• terminal differentiation of keratinocytes is impaired
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Acvr2atm1Hsch mutation
(0 available);
any
Acvr2a mutation
(38 available)
Bmpr2tm1.1Enl mutation
(1 available);
any
Bmpr2 mutation
(45 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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integument
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• at P20, awl, auchene, and zigzag hairs are markedly shorter than normal (consistent with premature entry into catagen), while the normally straightest hair types - guard and awl - are curved
• at P20, awl and auchene hairs lack multiple columns of medullary cells and have instead a single column; as such, awl/auchene hairs possess zigzag-like medullas and widths equivalent to normal zigzag fibers, making them markedly thinner than normal awl/auchene hairs
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• at P20, auchene hairs are markedly shorter and thinner than normal
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• at P20, awl hairs are markedly shorter and thinner than normal
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• coats undergo repeated cycles of hair loss and regrowth throughout life
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• mice exhibit cyclic alopecia
• starting at ~P14, mice undergo total, progressive loss of coat hair in a face-to-tail sequence such that mice are completely bald by ~3 weeks of age; shortly after total coat hair loss, a new hair coat forms in full once more, and this coat is quickly lost again after reaching its maximum length
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• hair follicles enter anagen precociously, leading to a greater number of hair cycles
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• adult mice display hair growth and loss simultaneously, resulting in the appearance of stripes of coat hair and bald skin
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• hair shafts fail to develop hair clubs and exhibit ends of variable length that are tapered, thin, and wavy
• comb-collected hair fibers show the same tapered ends as those gathered with a forceps
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• amorphous clumping of the medullary pigment is observed in all hair types
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• failure to develop hair clubs appears to be the primary cause of total hair loss
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• the hair medulla shows structural disorganization and differentiation defects
• at P11, the hair medulla shows many ectopic BrdU-labeled (proliferating) cells which are normally absent from the differentiating hair shaft
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• medullary cells appear disorganized and fail to form well-defined ladders of pigment bands in all hair types; amorphous clumping of medullary pigment is observed
• medullary trichohyalin is greatly reduced, suggesting that medullary cells fail to differentiate properly
• awl and auchene hair follicles fail to produce multiple columns of medullary cells, generating a single column instead; as such, awl/auchene hairs possess zigzag-like medullas
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• following birth, a dense coat is formed but a subset of hair shafts are thinner than those in control mice
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• at P20, zigzag hairs are markedly shorter than normal
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• mice exhibit excessive nail growth after 2 months of age
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• during catagen, mice show an increase in proliferating cells in the permanent" or superficial segment of the ORS that survives catagen
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• mice exhibit a shift in the anagen/catagen transition, leading to the premature end of anagen and early induction of catagen
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• mice exhibit shortened anagens; similar to the first period of hair production, the second period is also shorter, averaging 10.7 days versus 12.4 days in control mice
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• mice exhibit premature yet prolonged catagens
• catagen starts early with narrowing, amelanotic hair bulbs observed as early as P15, a time when controls continue to grow hair
• by P16-17, all hair follicles have entered catagen but progression through this phase of the hair cycle is slow
• however, no differences in apoptosis are observed during catagen
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• coat follicles always exhibit shortened telogens, as new hair is produced soon after the preceding hair fibers are lost
• at P50, the coat follicles have left the second telogen and uniformly re-entered anagen, whereas those of controls mice are still in the second telogen
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• hair follicles are still regressing at P20, as shown by the presence of extended epithelial strands (involuting remnants of the outer root sheath and hair bulb)
• slowly regressing epithelial strands often appear abnormally curled; concomitant with impaired follicular involution, hair shafts disappear from the skin
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• at P18 (during catagen), BrdU-labeled cells are increased in the superficial segments of the hair follicles
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• at the onset of anagen, mice exhibit a thicker epidermis consistent with an increased number of BrdU-labeled cells in the epidermis
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pigmentation
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• amorphous clumping of the medullary pigment is observed in all hair types
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Acvr2atm1Hsch mutation
(0 available);
any
Acvr2a mutation
(38 available)
Bmpr2tm1.1Enl mutation
(1 available);
any
Bmpr2 mutation
(45 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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mortality/aging
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• mice die around the time of birth
• however, no skin a barrier defect is observed
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vision/eye
integument
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• mice exhibit defects in hair development and retention; newborn skin fails to generate coat hair fibers or vibrissae
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• coat follicles typically lack hair bulbs
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• newborns show impaired hair follicle morphogenesis
• however, the epidermis is intact
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• coat and vibrissa hair follicles appear to be slowed or arrested in their development
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• vibrissa follicles possess hair bulbs but are short, showing less downgrowth into the dermis, and generally lack terminally differentiating structures (e.g. the inner root sheath and hair shaft) and terminal differentiation markers (e.g. trichohyalin)
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• vibrissa follicles generally lack the hair shaft
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Rxratm4Ipc mutation
(0 available);
any
Rxra mutation
(30 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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integument
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• in mutants neutral lipids are distributed unevenly along the cornified layer of the epidermis
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• granular keratinocytes in mutants contain vesicles devoid of lamellae or with disorganized lamellae
• disorganized lamellae form aggregates at the apical pole of granular keratinocytes
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Rxratm1Ipc mutation
(0 available);
any
Rxra mutation
(30 available)
Rxratm4Ipc mutation
(0 available);
any
Rxra mutation
(30 available)
Rxrbtm1Mma mutation
(0 available);
any
Rxrb mutation
(26 available)
Rxrbtm1Pcn mutation
(0 available);
any
Rxrb mutation
(26 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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integument
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• phenotype of newborn mutant epidermis is identical to that observed in Rargtm1Ipc newborns
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• in mutants neutral lipids are distributed unevenly along the cornified layer of the epidermis
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• granular keratinocytes in mutants contain vesicles devoid of lamellae or with disorganized lamellae
• disorganized lamellae form aggregates at the apical pole of granular keratinocytes
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• skin of newborns appears dull
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Cdsntm1.1Ics mutation
(0 available);
any
Cdsn mutation
(21 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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mortality/aging
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• die within 1 to 2 h of birth
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homeostasis/metabolism
neoplasm
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• papillomatosis is seen in dorsal skin grafted onto nude mice
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integument
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• impaired barrier function coincides with areas of skin detachment
• trans epidermal water loss increases dramatically after the onset of skin detachment
• dorsal skin grafted onto nude mice displays increased trans epidermal water loss
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• dorsal skin grafted onto nude mice initially has sparse hairs that progressively disappear becoming totally absent by 9 weeks after grafting
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• seen in dorsal skin grafted onto nude mice
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• blisters are seen between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum
• in isolated sections of skin and in areas adjacent to zones of detachment at the transition from the stratum granulosum to the stratum corneum numerous split transitional desmosomes are seen
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• in zones of skin rupture
• however, the stratum corneum is present in areas with intact skin
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• seen in dorsal skin grafted onto nude mice
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• seen in dorsal skin grafted onto nude mice
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• prominent hyperplasia with papillomatosis is seen in dorsal skin grafted onto nude mice
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• grafting of dorsal skin onto nude mice results in chronic ulceration of the grafted skin
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• severe skin detachment is seen in neonates
• when born by C-section mice appear normal until groomed by surrogate mothers after which skin detachment is rapidly apparent
• skin rupture starts in the ventral area, paws and snout and extends to the flanks
• dorsal skin grafted onto nude mice becomes hard and forms a scab that by 9 weeks post grafting completely replaces the epidermis
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• seen in dorsal skin grafted onto nude mice, characteristically result from degenerative hair follicles
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• papillomatosis is seen in dorsal skin grafted onto nude mice
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• skin is extremely fragile and tears easily under mechanical stress
• tape stripping removes 3 times more protein compared to controls
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growth/size/body
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• seen in dorsal skin grafted onto nude mice, characteristically result from degenerative hair follicles
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Rxratm4Ipc mutation
(0 available);
any
Rxra mutation
(30 available)
Rxrbtm1Pcn mutation
(0 available);
any
Rxrb mutation
(26 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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homeostasis/metabolism
integument
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• in mutants neutral lipids are distributed unevenly along the cornified layer of the epidermis
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• granular keratinocytes in mutants contain vesicles devoid of lamellae or with disorganized lamellae
• disorganized lamellae form aggregates at the apical pole of granular keratinocytes
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• newborns have skin with glossy appearance
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Rxratm2Ipc mutation
(0 available);
any
Rxra mutation
(30 available)
Rxratm4Ipc mutation
(0 available);
any
Rxra mutation
(30 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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pigmentation
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• in mice suffering alopecia, the remaining hair is lighter or grey/white
• hair that grows back after depilation is often white
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• melanin synthesis is reduced in these mice
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• melanosomes are found in the outer root sheath keratinocytes
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immune system
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• Langerhans cells are found in higher numbers in the both the suprabasal and basal areas of the skin
• Langerhans cells are also found surrounding cysts
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• 16 week old ventral skin has increased cellularity, dilated capillaries and increased numbers of immune cells
• increased numbers of macrophages, CD4 T cells, Langerhans cells, and mast cells are found in the dermis
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hematopoietic system
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• Langerhans cells are found in higher numbers in the both the suprabasal and basal areas of the skin
• Langerhans cells are also found surrounding cysts
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integument
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• there is increased basal and utricular keratinocyte proliferation in these mice
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• 16 week old ventral skin has increased cellularity, dilated capillaries and increased numbers of immune cells
• increased numbers of macrophages, CD4 T cells, Langerhans cells, and mast cells are found in the dermis
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• in mice suffering alopecia, the remaining hair is lighter or grey/white
• hair that grows back after depilation is often white
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• mice develop a progressive alopecia that starts ventrally on the legs and extends to most ventral regions and parts of the back
• by 16 weeks of age, 80% of ventral hair is loss and flaking occurs
• 30-40% of back hair is lost with additional hair loss occurring around the eyes by 16 weeks of age
• alopecia is less penetrant in about 20% of male mice
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• initial hair appearance is delayed by 4-5 days
• follicular growth is delayed at 7 days post birth
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• hypodermis is thin at 7 days post birth
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• melanosomes are found in the outer root sheath keratinocytes
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• the outer root sheath contains 4-6 cell layers instead of 1-2 cell layers
• intercellular gaps occur with these cells
• compound melanosomes are often found in these outer root sheets
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• a dilatation of the piliary canal, a lack of hair shaft and/or filling of the canal with horny cells are observed
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• hair follicles are disorganized in areas of partial hair loss
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• hairless skin from 12 week old show signs of degenerating hair follicles
• presence of closed, round dermal cysts that are embedded in the reticular dermis and not connected to the skin's surface are also observed
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• mice have impaired anagan initiation after depilation of dorsal hair
• while controls have uniform pigmentation 6 days after depilation, mutants do not show any pigmentation until 10 days post-depilation
• only patchy fur has developed in mutant mice 24 days after depilation while controls look normal
• hair that grows back after depilation is often white
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• only 40% of mice are in the first telogen phase at 18 days of age compared to almost all age-matched controls being in telogen
• by 20 days of age, almost all mutants are in telogen phase
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• many cysts are visible under the skin surface of hairless regions in all 13- to 15-week-old mutant females
• cysts form later and their number and size are reduced in a male mice without alopecia
• cysts are filled with cornified debris and sebum, and their wall consists of a multilayer keratinized epithelium containing a number of Langerhans cells
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• increased dermal cellularity is often observed underneath the hyperplastic epidermis
• capillaries in the dermis are often dilated
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• stratum corneum of mutant epidermis is thicker in mice at 10 days of age with differences observed in both dorsal and ventral skin
• the number of BrdU-positive keratinocytes was six- to sevenfold higher in
basal layer cells than in controls at 10 days of age
• no differences are detected at 18 days of age
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• four viable suprabasal layers are present in wild-type mice compared to 1-2 layers in controls mice
• later in life when hair loss occurs, hyperplasia is seen in areas adjacent to disorganized hair follicles
• no differences are detected at 18 days of age
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• ten days after birth the skin has a scaly appearance though this disappears by 17 days of age
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• 10% of mutant mice exhibited minor crusted skin lesions, mainly seen in dorsal hairless areas, on the chin and behind the ears
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cellular
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• there is increased basal and utricular keratinocyte proliferation in these mice
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growth/size/body
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• many cysts are visible under the skin surface of hairless regions in all 13- to 15-week-old mutant females
• cysts form later and their number and size are reduced in a male mice without alopecia
• cysts are filled with cornified debris and sebum, and their wall consists of a multilayer keratinized epithelium containing a number of Langerhans cells
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Smarca4tm1.2Pcn mutation
(1 available);
any
Smarca4 mutation
(109 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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mortality/aging
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• all dead within 4-6 hours of delivery
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limbs/digits/tail
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• abnormal in the hindlimbs but not forelimbs
• smaller cells and less densely packed
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• in less extreme cases, all five digits are present but are abnormal
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• on the hind limb
• occurs in more extreme cases
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• malformed in contrast to forelimbs which are normal
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• in extreme cases, tibia is absent
• femur is always normal
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embryo
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• abnormal in the hindlimbs but not forelimbs
• smaller cells and less densely packed
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homeostasis/metabolism
integument
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• epidermis is more permeable
• fetus shows 7 fold greater trans-epidermal water loss
• 5-10% of body weight lost within 4-6 hours of delivery
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• dorsal and ventral skin folds broader and more disorganized
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• 4-6 layers as usual but flatter cells than normal
• vesicles rather than lipid discs between stratum granulosum and corneum
• lamellar membranes in corneum were disorganized and highly variable in thickness
• 5 fold fewer corneodesmosomes
• lower layers of epidermis essentially normal
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• skin becomes dry and waxy within 30-45 minutes of delivery
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• red and glossy immediately after caesarian delivery
• sticky to touch
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Esr2tm1.1Pcn mutation
(0 available);
any
Esr2 mutation
(32 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Bmpr2tm1.1Enl mutation
(1 available);
any
Bmpr2 mutation
(45 available)
Bmpr2tm1Kmi mutation
(0 available);
any
Bmpr2 mutation
(45 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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normal phenotype
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• mice are healthy, fertile, and overtly normal with no apparent skin defects
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
Vhltm1Jae mutation
(2 available);
any
Vhl mutation
(16 available)
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growth/size/body
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• at weaning mice are runted
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cardiovascular system
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• the number of dilated dermal blood vessels is increased compared to in wild-type mice
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• following application of an inflammatory stimuli
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integument
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• keratinocyte proliferation is increased
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cellular
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• keratinocyte proliferation is increased
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Bmpr2tm1.1Enl mutation
(1 available);
any
Bmpr2 mutation
(45 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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integument
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N |
• surprisingly, mice are healthy and overtly normal with no apparent skin defects
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• at times, hair fibers show clumping and disorganization of pigment in regions of the hair medulla
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• the hair medulla occasionally appears disorganized
• at times, hair fibers show clumping and disorganization of pigment in regions of the hair medulla
• at P11, the hair medulla contains ectopic BrdU-labeled (proliferating) cells which are normally absent from the differentiating hair shaft
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• medullary trichohyalin is clearly reduced, suggesting that medullary cells fail to differentiate properly
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pigmentation
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• at times, hair fibers show clumping and disorganization of pigment in regions of the hair medulla
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Gt(ROSA)26Sortm4(HIF2A*)Kael mutation
(1 available);
any
Gt(ROSA)26Sor mutation
(942 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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cardiovascular system
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• the number of dilated dermal blood vessels is increased compared to in wild-type mice
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• following application of an inflammatory stimuli
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growth/size/body
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• at weaning mice are runted
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integument
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• keratinocyte proliferation is increased
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cellular
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• keratinocyte proliferation is increased
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Gt(ROSA)26Sortm3(HIF1A*)Kael mutation
(1 available);
any
Gt(ROSA)26Sor mutation
(942 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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integument
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N |
• mice exhibit a normal skin phenotype
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Stk11tm1.1Rdp mutation
(0 available);
any
Stk11 mutation
(34 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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growth/size/body
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• animals are smaller than controls
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neoplasm
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• some mice develop SCC (spontaneously) by 40 weeks of age (>20%)
• all DMBA-treated mutant mice develop invasive skin cancers determined to be SCC with an average latency of 8 weeks, whereas no DMBA-treated controls develop cancer
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vision/eye
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• due to hyperkeratinization of corneal epithelium
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integument
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• mice show delayed hair growth
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• adult hair is less dense than in controls
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• hair shaft diameter is reduced relative to controls
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• mild follicular plugging (keratinous debris filling follicular openings) is observed
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• increased relative to controls
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Hdac1tm1.1Eno mutation
(0 available);
any
Hdac1 mutation
(36 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
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craniofacial
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• periorbital area shows normal eyelashes but pelage hair numbers are reduced and hair pattern is disrupted
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growth/size/body
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• periorbital area shows normal eyelashes but pelage hair numbers are reduced and hair pattern is disrupted
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• epithelial cyst-like structures on the dorsal skin of adults
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integument
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• lipid-retaining cells are increased in sebaceous glands
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• Meibomian glands are hyperplastic
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• epithelial cyst-like structures on the dorsal skin of adults
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• characteristic hair types are replaced by abnormally pigmented, shorter, thinner hairs with misshaped and twisted medulla structures
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• extensive alopecia on the dorsal skin of adults
• alopecia appears during the first hair cycle and does not progress to open lesions, ulcers, or scarring
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• hair medulla is abnormal with misaligned air cells
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• affected follicles of mutants have only one hair type that resembles abnormal zigzag hair
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• paws exhibit supernumerary claws that form on the lateral sides of digits
• claw dystrophies include unique outgrowths of the hyponychium that extends beyond the claw matrix
• supernumerary claw matrices are covered with compact keratin structures extending from the proximal claw fold
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• pigmentation is increased in the claws
• hyperpigmentation is due to the presence of ectopic pigmented melanocytes in the dermal-epidermal junction in the claw matrix
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• presence of ectopic pigmented melanocytes in the dermal-epidermal junction in the claw matrix
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• hair follicle dystrophy on the dorsal skin of adults; prevalence is similar at 3 and 6 months of age
• skin and hair appear normal at P9, however dystrophic hair follicle cysts begin to form by 3 weeks of age and become prevalent by 3 months
• dystrophic follicle cysts form from hair follicle progenitor cells that fail to differentiate properly
• coiled hair follicles
• lipid-retaining cells are increased in tail hair follicles
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• dystrophic follicle cysts form from hair follicle progenitor cells that fail to differentiate properly
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• dilated infundibulae on the dorsal skin of adults
• enlarged infundibula of dystrophic follicles sometimes contains keratin arranged in columns resembling a hair shaft and others that contain keratin with less structure
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• hair follicle orientation is abnormal, with fibers pointing towards the dermis instead of the epithelium
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• disrupted hair follicle alignment
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• vibrissa hair fiber thickness and length are reduced
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• interfollicular epithelium is hyperpigmented
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• apoptosis is increased in the epidermal basal layer of the interfollicular skin at 6 months of age
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• hyperkeratosis is seen at 6 months of age
• foot skin epithelium is hyperkeratotic
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• dystrophic follicular epithelium is often stratified without a significant granular layer
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• keratinocytes in all layers are variable in cell size and shape
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• marker analysis indicates that hair differentiation is disrupted in KRT14-producing keratinocytes, however epidermal differentiation is maintained but control of homeostasis is disrupted
|
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• moderate epidermal hyperplasia is seen at 6 months of age
• hyperplastic epidermis in the tail skin
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• pigmentation is increased in the foot pads and feet
|
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• tail skin shows a nonautonomous increase of pigment cells
• increase in number of melanoblasts in the interscale region of the tail
|
cellular
|
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• marker analysis indicates that hair differentiation is disrupted in KRT14-producing keratinocytes, however epidermal differentiation is maintained but control of homeostasis is disrupted
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
|
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• lipid-retaining cells are increased in sebaceous glands
|
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• Meibomian glands are hyperplastic
|
limbs/digits/tail
|
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• pigmentation is increased in the foot pads and feet
|
|
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• the tail skin exhibits hyperkeratosis, hyperpigmentation, a reduction in normal hair, and an increase of lipid retaining cells
|
|
|
• tail skin shows a nonautonomous increase of pigment cells
• increase in number of melanoblasts in the interscale region of the tail
|
pigmentation
|
|
• pigmentation is increased in the foot pads and feet
|
|
|
• tail skin shows a nonautonomous increase of pigment cells
• increase in number of melanoblasts in the interscale region of the tail
|
|
|
• hyperpigmentation is due to the presence of ectopic pigmented melanocytes in the dermal-epidermal junction in the claw matrix
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vision/eye
|
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• Meibomian glands are hyperplastic
|
|
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Hdac1tm1.1Eno mutation
(0 available);
any
Hdac1 mutation
(36 available)
Hdac2tm1.1Eno mutation
(0 available);
any
Hdac2 mutation
(38 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
|
|
|
integument
|
|
• double mutants show similar but more obvious hair and skin phenotypes than single Hdac1 conditional homozygotes
• characteristic hair types are replaced by abnormally pigmented, shorter, thinner hairs with misshaped and twisted medulla structures
|
|
|
• mice show more severe supernumerary claw phenotypes than single Hdac1 conditional homozygotes
|
|
|
• mice show more severe pigmentation in the claws than single Hdac1 conditional homozygotes
|
|
|
• vibrissa hair fiber thickness and length are reduced
|
|
|
• interfollicular epithelium is hyperpigmented
|
|
|
• foot skin epithelium is hyperkeratotic
|
|
|
• mice show more severe pigmentation of the footpads and feet than single Hdac1 conditional homozygotes
|
limbs/digits/tail
|
|
• mice show more severe pigmentation of the footpads and feet than single Hdac1 conditional homozygotes
|
pigmentation
|
|
• mice show more severe pigmentation of the footpads and feet than single Hdac1 conditional homozygotes
|
vision/eye
|
|
| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Prss8tm1.1Hum mutation
(0 available);
any
Prss8 mutation
(24 available)
Prss8tm1.2Hum mutation
(0 available);
any
Prss8 mutation
(24 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
|
|
|
Early postnatal lethality and skin abnormalities in Prss8tm1.1Hum/Prss8tm1.2Hum Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc/0 mice
mortality/aging
|
|
• die within 60 hours after birth
|
growth/size/body
|
|
• newborns exhibit lower body weight
|
|
|
• mutants lose more weight (10% in 6 hours vs. 2-3% in controls) as a result of dehydration
|
hematopoietic system
|
|
• medullary hypoplasia in the thymus
|
homeostasis/metabolism
immune system
|
|
• medullary hypoplasia in the thymus
|
integument
|
|
• impaired skin barrier function as indicated by dehydration, skin permeability assay and transepidermal water loss measurements
|
|
|
• hair follicles are shorter and no keratin is visible
|
|
|
• adnexal part of the skin shows dysmaturation of the hair follicles
|
|
|
• the lipid matrix composition is altered in the epidermis: bound omega-hydroxy fatty acid is decreased by 50%, fatty acid level is increased by 56% and the amount of covalently bound ceramides with an omega-hydroxy fatty acid and sphingosine groups is decreased by 27%
|
|
|
• stratum corneum is disorganized, more compact, and focally detached from the granular layer
• stratum corneum lipid composition is altered; sphingomyelin is increased 3.7-fold
|
|
|
• corneocytes are enlarged
|
|
|
• orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis
|
|
|
• a few hours after birth, the skin appears reddish
|
|
|
• a few hours after birth, the skin appears wrinkled
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
|
|
• medullary hypoplasia in the thymus
|
|
|
| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Hsd3b6tm1.1Hokh mutation
(0 available);
any
Hsd3b6 mutation
(21 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
|
|
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
integument
vision/eye
|
|
| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
Vdrtm2Ska mutation
(1 available);
any
Vdr mutation
(35 available)
|
|
|
integument
|
N |
• topical application of MC903 a low calcemic analog of vitamin D to the ears does not cause obvious inflammation of the skin compared to Vdrtm1Pcn homozygous controls
|
|
|
| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Nintm1c(EUCOMM)Hmgu mutation
(0 available);
any
Nin mutation
(82 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
|
|
|
homeostasis/metabolism
integument
|
|
• transepidermal water loss is increased in newborns, indicating that inside-out barrier is slightly compromised
|
|
|
• skin shows reduced desmosome numbers and size
• desmosomes have an irregular morphology, with a faint, kinked desmoglea and with plaques appearing less dense with less keratin filaments attached
|
|
|
• relative thickness of the basal and spinous layers is 74% of wild-type
|
|
|
• the granular layer appears thinner, with cells that have less and smaller keratohyalin granules
• relative thickness of the granular layer is 49% of wild-type
|
|
|
• relative thickness of the basal and spinous layers is 74% of wild-type
|
|
|
• newborns exhibit a thinner epidermis, with relative thickness of the epidermis being 67% of wild-type epidermis
|
|
|
• E17.5 mutants show dye penetration almost all over their surface indicating defective epidermal barrier formation, however by E18.5, epidermal barrier is normal and no dye penetration is seen
|
|
|
| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Rargtm3Ipc mutation
(1 available);
any
Rarg mutation
(151 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
|
|
|
homeostasis/metabolism
integument
|
|
• at birth, no apparent defect is observed but in adult homozygotes, transepidermal water loss is increased (7.51 g/hr vs 6.48 g/hr in controls
|
|
|
• newborns have skin with glossy appearance
|
|
|
| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Bcl11btm1.1Leid mutation
(1 available);
any
Bcl11b mutation
(45 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
|
|
|
homeostasis/metabolism
integument
|
|
• delay in skin barrier establishment
• at E17.5 the rate of water loss from the dorsal surface is about 3 fold higher compared to controls but no difference is detected at E18.5
• at E17.5 the rate of water loss from the ventral surface is slightly higher compared to controls and at E18.5 the rate of water loss from the dorsal surface is about 2 to 3 fold higher compared to controls
|
|
|
• expression analysis suggests that terminal differentiation is impaired
|
|
|
• modest reduction in the number of cornified cell layers at E17.5 and E18.5
• impaired surface distribution of neutral lipids
|
|
|
| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ppargtm1.2Mtz mutation
(0 available);
any
Pparg mutation
(39 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
|
|
|
normal phenotype
|
|
• no epidermal phenotype is apparent; epidermal layer and surface lipid distribution appear normal
|
|
|
| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ppardtm1Mtz mutation
(0 available);
any
Ppard mutation
(68 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
|
|
|
homeostasis/metabolism
integument
|
|
• phenotype of newborn mutant epidermis is identical to that observed in Rxr loss-of-function newborns
|
|
|
• sqaumes from newborn mice display a smooth surface with small or lacking corneodesmosomes (CDs), compared to wild-type which have numerous regularly spaced plaques corresponding to CDs
|
|
|
• skin of newborns appears dull
|
|
|
| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Rxrbtm1Pcn mutation
(0 available);
any
Rxrb mutation
(26 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
|
|
|
normal phenotype
|
|
• no epidermal phenotype is apparent
|
|
|
| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Taf4tm1Idvd mutation
(0 available);
any
Taf4 mutation
(42 available)
Tg(KRT14-cre)1Ipc mutation
(0 available)
|
|
|
mortality/aging
|
|
• death occurs shortly after birth
• no viable homozygotes are born
|
growth/size/body
|
|
• size is normal at birth
• rapid and significant weight loss due to loss of water immediately after birth
• probably a significant factor in neonatal death
|
homeostasis/metabolism
integument
|
|
• defective skin barrier function
• increased skin permeability, 10 fold increase in water loss
|
|
|
• embryos with shiny transparent skin at E18.5
|
|
|
• very thin skin with reduced surface keratin
|
Analysis Tools