Phenotypes associated with this allele

• Allele Symbol: Rho⁺
• Allele Name: wild type
• Allele ID: MGI:2431902
• Summary: 23 genotypes

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
ht1	Rho^tm4.1(RHO*/EGFP)Jhw/Rho^+	B6.129S7-Rho^tm4.1(RHO*/EGFP)Jhw	MGI:5490868
ht2	Rho^Tvrm334/Rho^+	B6.Cg-Rho^Tvrm334/Pjn	MGI:5924952
ht3	Rho^Tvrm4/Rho^+	B6.Cg-Rho^Tvrm4/Pjn	MGI:4455025
ht4	Rho^Noerg1/Rho^+	C57BL/6J-Rho^Noerg1/Nwu	MGI:2661918
ht5	Rho^R3/Rho^+	C57BL/6J-Rho^R3	MGI:4367269
ht6	Rho^Tvrm1/Rho^+	C57BL/6J-Rho^Tvrm1	MGI:4455026
ht7	Rho^tm2(RHO/GFP)Jhw/Rho^+	either: (involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6J * FVB) or (involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6-Tyr^c * FVB)	MGI:3046195
ht8	Rho^tm3(RHO/GFP)Jhw/Rho^+	either: (involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6J) or (involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6-Tyr^c)	MGI:3046199
ht9	Rho^tm1Phm/Rho^+	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3836168
ht10	Rho^tm1(EDNRB)Fji/Rho^+	involves: 129S1/Sv * C57BL/6J	MGI:3581047
ht11	Rho^tm1Jlem/Rho^+	involves: 129S4/SvJae	MGI:2680837
ht12	Rho^tm1.1Eye/Rho^+	involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6	MGI:5566851
ht13	Rho^tm1.1Kpal/Rho^+	involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6 * FVB/N	MGI:4947235
ht14	Rho^tm2.1Kpal/Rho^+	involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * C57BL/6NTac	MGI:5474860
ht15	Rho^tm1.1(RHO*)Akgr/Rho^+	involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * BALB/c * FVB/N	MGI:5550075
ht16	Rho^Tvrm144/Rho^+	involves: C57BL/6J	MGI:5609948
cx17	Rho^Tvrm1/Rho^+ Rpe65^rd12/Rpe65^rd12	B6.Cg-Rpe65^rd12 Rho^Tvrm1	MGI:4455028
cx18	Rho^Tvrm4/Rho^+ Rpe65^rd12/Rpe65^rd12	B6.Cg-Rpe65^rd12 Rho^Tvrm4	MGI:4455027
cx19	Pde6b^rd1/Pde6b^rd1 Rho^tm2(RHO/GFP)Jhw/Rho^+	either: (involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6J * FVB) or (involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6-Tyr^c * FVB)	MGI:3046197
cx20	Ahi1^tm1Jgg/Ahi1^tm1Jgg Rho^tm1Jlem/Rho^+	involves: 129 * C57BL/6 * FVB/N	MGI:4437802
cx21	Rho^tm1Phm/Rho^+ Tg(Rho*G90D*A337V)202Sie/Tg(Rho*G90D*A337V)202Sie	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6 * DBA	MGI:5441375
cx22	Rho^tm1Phm/Rho^+ Tg(Rho*G90D*A337V)202Sie/0	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6 * DBA	MGI:5441374
cx23	Lrat^tm1Kpal/Lrat^tm1Kpal Rho^tm1.1Kpal/Rho^+ Rpe65^450L/Rpe65^450M	involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6 * FVB/N	MGI:4947236

Genotype
MGI:5490868

ht1

• Allelic Composition: Rho^{tm4.1(RHO*/EGFP)Jhw}/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: B6.129S7-Rho^{tm4.1(RHO*/EGFP)Jhw}

• ♀: phenotype observed in females
• ♂: phenotype observed in males
• N: normal phenotype

vision/eye

vision/eye phenotype ( J:196863 )

N • responses of eyes to flashes of light of varying intensities at 1 month of age are similar to controls

abnormal retina morphology ( J:196863 )

• mislocalization of mutant rhodopsin to the inner segments and outer nuclear layer of the retina

retina degeneration ( J:196863 )

• very slow, similar to mice heterozygous for Rho^tm2Jhw

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
retinitis pigmentosa 4		DOID:0110372	OMIM:613731	J:196863

Genotype
MGI:5924952

ht2

• Allelic Composition: Rho^Tvrm334/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: B6.Cg-Rho^Tvrm334/Pjn

pigmentation

abnormal retina pigment epithelium morphology ( J:243745 )

• the fundus appears grainy, and there is rapid photoreceptor degeneration and thinning of the retinal pigment epithelium, with a slightly thinned outer nuclear layer at 14 days of age and only 3 to 4 rows of photoreceptor nuclei at 21 days of age

• rhodopsin is mislocalized to the soma of photoreceptor cells

nervous system

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:243745 )

vision/eye

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:243745 )

abnormal retina pigment epithelium morphology ( J:243745 )

• the fundus appears grainy, and there is rapid photoreceptor degeneration and thinning of the retinal pigment epithelium, with a slightly thinned outer nuclear layer at 14 days of age and only 3 to 4 rows of photoreceptor nuclei at 21 days of age

• rhodopsin is mislocalized to the soma of photoreceptor cells

decreased total retina thickness ( J:243745 )

abnormal rod electrophysiology ( J:243745 )

• although light adapted (cone) ERG readings are normal at 21 days of age, dark-adapted ERG shows severely diminished rod function

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
retinitis pigmentosa 4		DOID:0110372	OMIM:613731	J:243745

Genotype
MGI:4455025

ht3

• Allelic Composition: Rho^Tvrm4/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: B6.Cg-Rho^Tvrm4/Pjn

Light-induced degeneration of photoreceptors in Rho^Tvrm4/Rho⁺ mice

homeostasis/metabolism

abnormal retinol level ( J:159523 )

• extracts of whole eyes collected immediately after exposure to 12,000 lux for 5 mins contain significantly lower levels of all trans-retinol than in wild-type

• however, no difference is detected at 1 h after light exposure

photosensitivity ( J:159523 )

• exposure to 12,000 lux of light for 5 min leads to visible bleaching of the entire retina for 1 h following exposure, in contrast wild-type retinas are unaffected

• exposure to 12,000 lux for 2 or more minutes induces photoreceptor degeneration

vision/eye

increased retina apoptosis ( J:159523 )

• TUNEL+ photoreceptors

photosensitivity ( J:159523 )

• exposure to 12,000 lux of light for 5 min leads to visible bleaching of the entire retina for 1 h following exposure, in contrast wild-type retinas are unaffected

• exposure to 12,000 lux for 2 or more minutes induces photoreceptor degeneration

disorganized photoreceptor inner segment ( J:159523 )

• the border between the outer and inner segments of the retina, and both compartments are highly disorganized 24 h after exposure to 12,000 lux of bright light

abnormal photoreceptor outer segment morphology ( J:159523 )

• slightly shorter at 1 year of age

• 1 h after exposure to 12,000 lux of bright light, appear disorganized and some areas are devoid of outer segments, whereas others appear to contain outer segment aggregates

disorganized photoreceptor outer segment ( J:159523 )

• the border between the outer and inner segments of the retina, and both compartments are highly disorganized 24 h after exposure to 12,000 lux of bright light

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:159523 )

• bright light-induced degeneration of photoreceptors

• exposure to 12,000 lux for 2 or more minutes induces photoreceptor degeneration

• however, under standard housing conditions no degeneration is detected

abnormal retina pigment epithelium morphology ( J:159523 )

• after exposure to 12,000 lux of bright light, apical processes of retinal pigment epithelium that normally ensheath the outer segments appear to extend further along the outer segments than in wild-type

disorganized retina outer nuclear layer ( J:159523 )

• 24 h after exposure to 12,000 lux of bright light the outer nuclear layer appears disorganized, although cell loss is not apparent

retina outer nuclear layer degeneration ( J:159523 )

• two or fewer layers of photoreceptor nuclei remaining at 1 week following light exposure

delayed dark adaptation ( J:159523 )

• mice recover with a time constant of 9.5 min and reach an asymptote that is only 60% of the dark adapted value

nervous system

disorganized photoreceptor inner segment ( J:159523 )

• the border between the outer and inner segments of the retina, and both compartments are highly disorganized 24 h after exposure to 12,000 lux of bright light

abnormal photoreceptor outer segment morphology ( J:159523 )

• slightly shorter at 1 year of age

• 1 h after exposure to 12,000 lux of bright light, appear disorganized and some areas are devoid of outer segments, whereas others appear to contain outer segment aggregates

disorganized photoreceptor outer segment ( J:159523 )

• the border between the outer and inner segments of the retina, and both compartments are highly disorganized 24 h after exposure to 12,000 lux of bright light

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:159523 )

• bright light-induced degeneration of photoreceptors

• exposure to 12,000 lux for 2 or more minutes induces photoreceptor degeneration

• however, under standard housing conditions no degeneration is detected

pigmentation

abnormal retina pigment epithelium morphology ( J:159523 )

• after exposure to 12,000 lux of bright light, apical processes of retinal pigment epithelium that normally ensheath the outer segments appear to extend further along the outer segments than in wild-type

cellular

increased retina apoptosis ( J:159523 )

• TUNEL+ photoreceptors

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
retinitis pigmentosa 4		DOID:0110372	OMIM:613731	J:159523

Genotype
MGI:2661918

ht4

• Allelic Composition: Rho^Noerg1/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: C57BL/6J-Rho^Noerg1/Nwu

homeostasis/metabolism

photosensitivity ( J:83419 )

• mice lack response to stimulation of any luminance of light

vision/eye

photosensitivity ( J:83419 )

• mice lack response to stimulation of any luminance of light

retina degeneration ( J:83419 )

• mice are described as having a grainy appearance to fundus, consistent with a form of retinal degeneration

abnormal eye electrophysiology ( J:83419 )

• the wave components (a, b, c wave) and scotopic threshold response (STR) in electroretinalgram (ERG) are diminished

Genotype
MGI:4367269

ht5

• Allelic Composition: Rho^R3/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: C57BL/6J-Rho^R3

vision/eye

abnormal retina vasculature morphology ( J:153281 )

• attenuated retinal blood vessels are observed in photographs of the fundus at postnatal day (P) 21

short photoreceptor outer segment ( J:153281 )

• examination of the retinal ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals short outer segments with disorganized discs at P21

abnormal retina pigmentation ( J:153281 )

• unevenly distributed pigment patches are observed in photographs of the fundus at P21

abnormal retina inner nuclear layer morphology ( J:153281 )

• immunohistochemical analysis at P14 reveals the mutant rhodopsin protein accumulating in the photoreceptor inner segments and/or cell bodies instead of trafficking to the photoreceptor outer segments

retina outer nuclear layer degeneration ( J:153281 )

• the outer nuclear layer (ONL) of the retina is reduced by 50% by P18 and consists of only two rows of nuclei by P35

retina degeneration ( J:153281 )

• rapidly progressive

abnormal eye electrophysiology ( J:153281 )

• whole field scotopic electroretinography at P21 demonstrates severely reduced photoreceptor cell function: both a- and b-waves are severely attenuated, the a-wave amplitude reduced to approximately one-third that of wild-type mice

cardiovascular system

abnormal retina vasculature morphology ( J:153281 )

• attenuated retinal blood vessels are observed in photographs of the fundus at postnatal day (P) 21

pigmentation

abnormal retina pigmentation ( J:153281 )

• unevenly distributed pigment patches are observed in photographs of the fundus at P21

nervous system

short photoreceptor outer segment ( J:153281 )

• examination of the retinal ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals short outer segments with disorganized discs at P21

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
retinitis pigmentosa 4		DOID:0110372	OMIM:613731	J:153281

Genotype
MGI:4455026

ht6

• Allelic Composition: Rho^Tvrm1/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: C57BL/6J-Rho^Tvrm1

Photoreceptor degeneration in Rho^Tvrm4/Rho⁺ and Rho^Tvrm1/Rho⁺ mutants is rapidly induced by exposure to bright light

vision/eye

photosensitivity ( J:159523 )

• exposure to 12,000 lux of light for only 30 s results in degeneration in 4 of 6 mice

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:159523 )

• bright light-induced degeneration of photoreceptors

• exposure to 12,000 lux for 30 or more seconds induces photoreceptor degeneration

• however, under standard housing conditions no degeneration is detected

delayed dark adaptation ( J:159523 )

• mice recover more slowly, with a time constant of 11.5 min and reach an asymptote that falls short of the dark adapted value

homeostasis/metabolism

abnormal retinol level ( J:159523 )

• in extracts of whole eyes collected immediately after exposure to 12,000 lux for 5 mins a trend is seen toward lower levels of all trans-retinols than in wild-type

• however, no difference is detected at 1 h after light exposure

photosensitivity ( J:159523 )

• exposure to 12,000 lux of light for only 30 s results in degeneration in 4 of 6 mice

nervous system

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:159523 )

• bright light-induced degeneration of photoreceptors

• exposure to 12,000 lux for 30 or more seconds induces photoreceptor degeneration

• however, under standard housing conditions no degeneration is detected

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
retinitis pigmentosa 4		DOID:0110372	OMIM:613731	J:159523

Genotype
MGI:3046195

ht7

• Allelic Composition: Rho^{tm2(RHO/GFP)Jhw}/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: either: (involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6J * FVB) or (involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6-Tyr^c * FVB)

vision/eye

retina degeneration ( J:91038 )

• mild retinal degeneration is seen with the number of nuclei in the outer nuclear layer being reduced to about 50% wild-type

Genotype
MGI:3046199

ht8

• Allelic Composition: Rho^{tm3(RHO/GFP)Jhw}/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: either: (involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6J) or (involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6-Tyr^c)

vision/eye

retina degeneration ( J:91038 )

• mild retinal degeneration is seen with the number of nuclei in the outer nuclear layer being reduced to about 80% wild-type

Genotype
MGI:3836168

ht9

• Allelic Composition: Rho^tm1Phm/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

vision/eye

short photoreceptor outer segment ( J:38098 )

• at 4 months

disorganized photoreceptor outer segment ( J:38098 )

• at 4 months

thin retina outer nuclear layer ( J:38098 )

• at 4 months

nervous system

short photoreceptor outer segment ( J:38098 )

• at 4 months

disorganized photoreceptor outer segment ( J:38098 )

• at 4 months

Genotype
MGI:3581047

ht10

• Allelic Composition: Rho^{tm1(EDNRB)Fji}/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: involves: 129S1/Sv * C57BL/6J

vision/eye

abnormal retina rod cell outer segment morphology ( J:98779 )

• rod outer segments were 1/4 the length of wildtype at 15 days of age, 1/2 the length at 30 days of age and comparable to wildtype at 91 days of age

nervous system

abnormal retina rod cell outer segment morphology ( J:98779 )

• rod outer segments were 1/4 the length of wildtype at 15 days of age, 1/2 the length at 30 days of age and comparable to wildtype at 91 days of age

Genotype
MGI:2680837

ht11

• Allelic Composition: Rho^tm1Jlem/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: involves: 129S4/SvJae

Retinal morphology of Rho^tm1Jlem/Rho⁺ and Rho^tm1Jlem/Rho^tm1Jlem mice

vision/eye

short photoreceptor outer segment ( J:52281 )

• 15 days of age, outer segments (OS) were ~50% shorter than those of wild-type

• by 90 days, the OS were slightly shorter than those of wild-type

thin retina outer nuclear layer ( J:52281 )

• by 90 days, the outer nuclear layer was reduced in thickness by one to two rows

abnormal vision ( J:52281 )

• decreased sensitivity to light

• accelerated flash-response kinetics

nervous system

short photoreceptor outer segment ( J:52281 )

• 15 days of age, outer segments (OS) were ~50% shorter than those of wild-type

• by 90 days, the OS were slightly shorter than those of wild-type

Genotype
MGI:5566851

ht12

• Allelic Composition: Rho^tm1.1Eye/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6

nervous system

abnormal retina photoreceptor morphology ( J:205477 )

• progressive loss of photoreceptor neurons

short photoreceptor outer segment ( J:205477 )

• diminished outer segment length at P21

vision/eye

abnormal retina morphology ( J:205477 )

• mice show an age-related increase in overall autofluorescence and develop a progressively increasing number of diffuse, subretinal, hyperfluorescent dots

abnormal retina photoreceptor morphology ( J:205477 )

• progressive loss of photoreceptor neurons

short photoreceptor outer segment ( J:205477 )

• diminished outer segment length at P21

thin retina outer nuclear layer ( J:205477 )

• slightly reduced outer nuclear layer thickness at P21

decreased a-wave amplitude ( J:205477 )

• scotopic a-wave amplitudes are reduced at high-stimulus intensities at P21, indicating desensitization of photoreceptors

decreased b-wave amplitude ( J:205477 )

• b-wave amplitude is lower, especially at lower intensities, at P100, but normal at P21

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
retinitis pigmentosa 4		DOID:0110372	OMIM:613731	J:205477

Genotype
MGI:4947235

ht13

• Allelic Composition: Rho^tm1.1Kpal/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6 * FVB/N

Retinal degeneration in Rho^tm1.1Kpal/Rho⁺ and Rho^tm1.1Kpal/Rho^tm1.1Kpal mice

vision/eye

abnormal retina layer morphology ( J:170648 )

• the distance between retina pigmented epithelium and the outer limiting membrane is reduced compared to in wild-type mice

decreased retina rod cell number ( J:170648 )

• half the number in wild-type mice

short retina rod cell outer segment ( J:170648 )

• shortened at P35 and P112

disorganized photoreceptor outer segment ( J:170648 )

• at P63

retina rod cell degeneration ( J:170648 )

• due to necrosis

thin retina outer nuclear layer ( J:170648 )

• at P63

abnormal cone electrophysiology ( J:170648 )

• mildly reduced at P70

• severely depressed at P170

• continuous decline until P276

abnormal rod electrophysiology ( J:170648 )

• severely reduced at P41

• nearly undetectable by P170

nervous system

decreased retina rod cell number ( J:170648 )

• half the number in wild-type mice

short retina rod cell outer segment ( J:170648 )

• shortened at P35 and P112

disorganized photoreceptor outer segment ( J:170648 )

• at P63

retina rod cell degeneration ( J:170648 )

• due to necrosis

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
retinitis pigmentosa 4		DOID:0110372	OMIM:613731	J:170648

Genotype
MGI:5474860

ht14

• Allelic Composition: Rho^tm2.1Kpal/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * C57BL/6NTac

Progressive retinal degeneration in heterozygous and homozygous Rho^tm2.1Kpal mice

vision/eye

decreased retina photoreceptor cell number ( J:194158 )

• intermediate phenotype

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:194158 )

• intermediate phenotype

thin retina outer nuclear layer ( J:194158 )

• intermediate phenotype

• nearly complete lost by 10 months

abnormal cone electrophysiology ( J:194158 )

• gradual decline after 2 months

abnormal rod electrophysiology ( J:194158 )

• gradual decline after 2 months

nervous system

decreased retina photoreceptor cell number ( J:194158 )

• intermediate phenotype

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:194158 )

• intermediate phenotype

Genotype
MGI:5550075

ht15

• Allelic Composition: Rho^{tm1.1(RHO*)Akgr}/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * BALB/c * FVB/N

vision/eye

increased retina apoptosis ( J:203860 )

• increased

abnormal retina morphology ( J:203860 )

• abnormally stacked discs

cellular

increased retina apoptosis ( J:203860 )

• increased

Genotype
MGI:5609948

ht16

• Allelic Composition: Rho^Tvrm144/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6J

vision/eye

abnormal retina morphology ( J:214072 )

• following exposure to bright light, chromatin aggregations are centrally observed

thin retina inner nuclear layer ( J:214072 )

• following exposure to bright light

thin retina outer nuclear layer ( J:214072 )

• following exposure to bright light

thin retina outer plexiform layer ( J:214072 )

• following exposure to bright light

abnormal retina photoreceptor layer morphology ( J:214072 )

• following exposure to bright light, photorepector nuclei are reduced to 2-3 layers

retina degeneration ( J:166679 , J:214072 )

• light inducible (J:166679)

• following exposure to bright light (J:214072)

Genotype
MGI:4455028

cx17

• Allelic Composition: Rho^Tvrm1/Rho⁺; Rpe65^rd12/Rpe65^rd12
• Genetic Background: B6.Cg-Rpe65^rd12 Rho^Tvrm1

vision/eye

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:159523 )

• photoreceptor degeneration without exposure to bright light

• the peripheral retina also shows cell loss but is better preserved than the central retina

retina outer nuclear layer degeneration ( J:159523 )

• at 4 weeks of age, retinas have only 5 rows of cell bodies remaining in the central outer nuclear layer

nervous system

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:159523 )

• photoreceptor degeneration without exposure to bright light

• the peripheral retina also shows cell loss but is better preserved than the central retina

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
retinitis pigmentosa		DOID:10584	OMIM:268000 OMIM:PS268000	J:159523

Genotype
MGI:4455027

cx18

• Allelic Composition: Rho^Tvrm4/Rho⁺; Rpe65^rd12/Rpe65^rd12
• Genetic Background: B6.Cg-Rpe65^rd12 Rho^Tvrm4

Photoreceptor degeneration without exposure to bright light in Rpe65^rd12/Rpe65^rd12 Rho^Tvrm4/Rho⁺ mice

vision/eye

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:159523 )

• photoreceptor degeneration without exposure to bright light

• the peripheral retina also shows cell loss but is better preserved than the central retina

retina outer nuclear layer degeneration ( J:159523 )

• at 4 weeks of age, retinas have only 2-3 rows of cell bodies remaining in the central outer nuclear layer

nervous system

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:159523 )

• photoreceptor degeneration without exposure to bright light

• the peripheral retina also shows cell loss but is better preserved than the central retina

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
retinitis pigmentosa		DOID:10584	OMIM:268000 OMIM:PS268000	J:159523

Genotype
MGI:3046197

cx19

• Allelic Composition: Pde6b^rd1/Pde6b^rd1; Rho^{tm2(RHO/GFP)Jhw}/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: either: (involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6J * FVB) or (involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6-Tyr^c * FVB)

vision/eye

retina degeneration ( J:91038 )

• retinas begin to degenerate within 9 days after birth

• GFP expression can clearly be seen as the retinas degenerate

Genotype
MGI:4437802

cx20

• Allelic Composition: Ahi1^tm1Jgg/Ahi1^tm1Jgg; Rho^tm1Jlem/Rho⁺
• Genetic Background: involves: 129 * C57BL/6 * FVB/N

vision/eye

absent photoreceptor outer segment ( J:158019 )

• outer segments fail to form unlike in wild-type mice

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:158019 )

• photoreceptor loss is delayed compared to in Ahi1^tm1Jgg homozygotes

nervous system

absent photoreceptor outer segment ( J:158019 )

• outer segments fail to form unlike in wild-type mice

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:158019 )

• photoreceptor loss is delayed compared to in Ahi1^tm1Jgg homozygotes

Genotype
MGI:5441375

cx21

• Allelic Composition: Rho^tm1Phm/Rho⁺; Tg(Rho*G90D*A337V)202Sie/Tg(Rho*G90D*A337V)202Sie
• Genetic Background: involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6 * DBA

vision/eye

vision/eye phenotype ( J:188632 )

N • normal rod outer segments and minimal rod cell loss

abnormal eye electrophysiology ( J:188632 )

• at 24 weeks, mice exhibit reduced maximal a- and b-wave amplitude and increased a- and b-wave threshold compared with Rho^tm1Phm heterozygotes

abnormal rod electrophysiology ( J:188632 )

• increased equivalent background light level

• rods exhibit a partially light-adapted phenotype

Genotype
MGI:5441374

cx22

• Allelic Composition: Rho^tm1Phm/Rho⁺; Tg(Rho*G90D*A337V)202Sie/0
• Genetic Background: involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6 * DBA

vision/eye

vision/eye phenotype ( J:188632 )

N • mice exhibit normal outer nuclear layer thickness, retinal outer segment length, photoreceptor numbers and rhodopsin complement

abnormal eye electrophysiology ( J:188632 )

• at 16 weeks, mice exhibit reduced maximal a-wave amplitude and increased a-wave threshold compared with Rho^tm1Phm heterozygotes

abnormal rod electrophysiology ( J:188632 )

• mice exhibit loss of rod sensitivity with rod photoreceptor desensitization and faster response time to peak compared with Rho^tm1Phm heterozygotes

• rods exhibit a partially light-adapted phenotype

Genotype
MGI:4947236

cx23

• Allelic Composition: Lrat^tm1Kpal/Lrat^tm1Kpal; Rho^tm1.1Kpal/Rho⁺; Rpe65^450L/Rpe65^450M
• Genetic Background: involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6 * FVB/N

Effect of genetic depletion of 11-cis-retinal production (Lrat^tm1Kpal/Lrat^tm1Kpal) on retinal degeneration in Rho^tm1.1Kpal/Rho⁺ mice

vision/eye

decreased retina photoreceptor cell number ( J:170648 )

• dramatically reduced at P36

abnormal retina rod cell outer segment morphology ( J:170648 )

• less than in Rho^tm1.1Kpal heterozygotes

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:170648 )

• due to increased apoptosis

retina rod cell degeneration ( J:170648 )

• less than in Rho^tm1.1Kpal heterozygotes

thin retina outer nuclear layer ( J:170648 )

retina degeneration ( J:170648 )

• at P36

nervous system

decreased retina photoreceptor cell number ( J:170648 )

• dramatically reduced at P36

abnormal retina rod cell outer segment morphology ( J:170648 )

• less than in Rho^tm1.1Kpal heterozygotes

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:170648 )

• due to increased apoptosis

retina rod cell degeneration ( J:170648 )

• less than in Rho^tm1.1Kpal heterozygotes