All Phenotypes Dkk1<tm1Lmgd> MGI Mouse

Phenotypes associated with this allele

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
hm1	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1^tm1Lmgd	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3689397
hm2	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1^tm1Lmgd	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3618757
hm3	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1^tm1Lmgd	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * CD-1	MGI:3697481
ht4	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:4947314
cx5	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺ Kremen1^tm1Dgen/Kremen1^tm1Dgen Kremen2^tm1Cni/Kremen2^tm1Cni	either: B6.Cg-Kremen1^tm1Dgen Kremen2^tm1Cni Dkk1^tm1Lmgd or (involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * CD-1)	MGI:3805007
cx6	Ctnnb1^Bfc/Ctnnb1⁺ Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺ Lrp6^Gw/Lrp6⁺	either: (involves: 101/H * 129 * BALB/cCrl * C3H) or (involves: 101/H * 129 * BALB/cCrl * C3H * C57BL/6)	MGI:4947311
cx7	Ctnnb1^Bfc/Ctnnb1^Bfc Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺	either: (involves: 129/Sv * BALB/cCrl * C3H/HeNCrl) or (involves: 129/Sv * BALB/cCrl * C3H/HeNCrl * C57BL/6)	MGI:4947313
cx8	Ctnnb1^Bfc/Ctnnb1⁺ Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺	either: (involves: 129/Sv * BALB/cCrl * C3H/HeNCrl) or (involves: 129/Sv * BALB/cCrl * C3H/HeNCrl * C57BL/6)	MGI:4947312
cx9	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺ Lrp6^Gw/Lrp6⁺	involves: 101/H * 129 * BALB/c * C3H	MGI:4947305
cx10	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺ Lrp6^Gw/Lrp6^Gw	involves: 101/H * 129 * BALB/c * C3H	MGI:4947306
cx11	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1^tm1Lmgd Sfrp5^tm1Shwl/Sfrp5^tm1Shwl	involves: 129 * CD-1	MGI:3697480
cx12	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺ Gsc^tm2Bhr/Gsc⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3716765
cx13	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺ Gsc^tm2Bhr/Gsc^tm2Bhr	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3716766

Allelic Composition	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1^tm1Lmgd
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Dkk1^tm1Lmgd mutation (0 available); any Dkk1 mutation (17 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

embryo

rostral body truncation ( J:170646 )

• mice exhibit complete truncations of the head unlike wild-type mice

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

neonatal lethality, complete penetrance ( J:71787 )

• all homozygotes die at birth

craniofacial

small interparietal bone ( J:71787 )

• at E17.5, the mutant interparietal bone is reduced relative to the wild-type

small parietal bone ( J:71787 )

• at E17.5, the mutant parietal bone is reduced relative to the wild-type

absent mandible ( J:71787 )

• at E17.5, homozygotes lack a mandibular bone

absent maxilla ( J:71787 )

• at E17.5, homozygotes lack a maxillary bone

absent nasal bone ( J:71787 )

• at E17.5, homozygotes lack a nasal bone

abnormal craniofacial development ( J:71787 )

• at >E10.5, homozygotes lack all craniofacial structures anterior to the external ear

absent frontonasal prominence ( J:71787 )

• absent at E9.5

abnormal mandibular prominence morphology ( J:71787 )

• absent at E9.5

absent nasal placodes ( J:71787 )

• absent at E9.5

abnormal first pharyngeal arch morphology ( J:119933 )

• a single tissue mass replaces the first pair of branchial arches in some mice

nervous system

decreased forebrain size ( J:71787 , J:119933 )

• markedly reduced at E8.5 - E9.5 (J:119933)

decreased midbrain size ( J:71787 )

• by E10.5, homozygotes exhibit truncation of portions of the midbrain

absent diencephalon ( J:71787 )

• at E11.5, homozygotes lack a diencephalon

abnormal telencephalon morphology ( J:71787 )

• at E11.5, homozygotes lack a telencephalon

limbs/digits/tail

abnormal limb bud morphology ( J:71787 )

• at E10.5 and thereafter, homozygotes display defective limb outgrowth

thick apical ectodermal ridge ( J:71787 )

• at E10.5-E11.5, the AER of mutant limb buds appears to be slightly thickened

ectopic digits ( J:71787 )

• at >E11.5, mutant limb buds exhibit ectopic preaxial and postaxial digits

polydactyly ( J:71787 )

• at >E11.5, mutant limbs commonly display an extra digit I and/or an extra digit V

syndactyly ( J:71787 )

• at >E11.5, mutant limbs commonly display a fusion of digits II and III

abnormal forelimb morphology ( J:71787 )

• mutant forelimbs display fusion of digits and ectopic anterior and posterior digits, consistent with a severe reduction in programmed cell death and increased cell proliferation in developing limb bud cells

abnormal hindlimb morphology ( J:71787 )

• homozygotes display truncation of the medial and distal elements of hindlimbs

skeleton

small interparietal bone ( J:71787 )

• at E17.5, the mutant interparietal bone is reduced relative to the wild-type

small parietal bone ( J:71787 )

• at E17.5, the mutant parietal bone is reduced relative to the wild-type

absent mandible ( J:71787 )

• at E17.5, homozygotes lack a mandibular bone

absent maxilla ( J:71787 )

• at E17.5, homozygotes lack a maxillary bone

absent nasal bone ( J:71787 )

• at E17.5, homozygotes lack a nasal bone

embryo

abnormal first pharyngeal arch morphology ( J:119933 )

• a single tissue mass replaces the first pair of branchial arches in some mice

rostral body truncation ( J:71787 )

• by E10.5, homozygotes exhibit truncation of the forebrain and cephalic neural crest-derived head tissues

• at E11.5, all head derivatives anterior of the midbrain are absent

• starting at E8.5, homozygotes display a significant reduction in rostral tissue; however, the remaining anteroposterior body axis, as well as left-right asymmetry, appear unaffected

abnormal limb bud morphology ( J:71787 )

• at E10.5 and thereafter, homozygotes display defective limb outgrowth

thick apical ectodermal ridge ( J:71787 )

• at E10.5-E11.5, the AER of mutant limb buds appears to be slightly thickened

vision/eye

absent optic vesicle ( J:119933 )

• loss of eye evagination at E8.5 - E9.5

anophthalmia ( J:71787 )

• eyes absent at E9.5

taste/olfaction

absent nasal placodes ( J:71787 )

• absent at E9.5

respiratory system

absent nasal bone ( J:71787 )

• at E17.5, homozygotes lack a nasal bone

absent nasal placodes ( J:71787 )

• absent at E9.5

growth/size/body

absent nasal bone ( J:71787 )

• at E17.5, homozygotes lack a nasal bone

abnormal anterior head development ( J:71787 )

• at E9.5 and thereafter, homozygotes lack major head structures anterior of the otic vesicle, including eyes, olfactory placodes, frontonasal mass, and mandibular processes

• by E17.5, homozygotes exhibit a severely truncated head

microcephaly ( J:119933 )

• at E8.5 - E9.5, head size is reduced by 35% compared to wild-type

Allelic Composition	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1^tm1Lmgd
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * CD-1

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Dkk1^tm1Lmgd mutation (0 available); any Dkk1 mutation (17 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

growth/size/body

abnormal anterior head development ( J:117057 )

• at E17.5 7 of 10 mice lack anterior head structures

• Background Sensitivity: unlike mice on a mixed 129 and C57BL/6 background some mice on an outbred CD-1 background develop anterior head structures

Allelic Composition	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Dkk1^tm1Lmgd mutation (0 available); any Dkk1 mutation (17 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

growth/size/body

microcephaly ( J:170646 )

• 9% of mice exhibit reduced head compared with wild-type mice

Allelic Composition	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺ Kremen1^tm1Dgen/Kremen1^tm1Dgen Kremen2^tm1Cni/Kremen2^tm1Cni
Genetic Background	either: B6.Cg-Kremen1^tm1Dgen Kremen2^tm1Cni Dkk1^tm1Lmgd or (involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * CD-1)

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Dkk1^tm1Lmgd mutation (0 available); any Dkk1 mutation (17 available)
Kremen1^tm1Dgen mutation (0 available); any Kremen1 mutation (30 available)
Kremen2^tm1Cni mutation (0 available); any Kremen2 mutation (28 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

increased bone volume ( J:137914 )

• limb bone volume is increased compared to in wild-type mice but not compared to in Dkk1^tm1Lmgd heterozygotes

limbs/digits/tail

polydactyly ( J:137914 )

• mice have ectopic postaxial forelimb digits

• the frequency and size of ectopic digits is increase compared to in Kremen1^tm1Dgen Kremen2^tm1Cni homozygotes

• 40% of ectopic digits originate at the carpus like regular digits unlike in Kremen1^tm1Dgen Kremen2^tm1Cni homozygotes where ectopic digits originate from digit V

• however, unlike in Dkk1 null mice webbing of bone elements is not observed

Allelic Composition	Ctnnb1^Bfc/Ctnnb1⁺ Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺ Lrp6^Gw/Lrp6⁺
Genetic Background	either: (involves: 101/H * 129 * BALB/cCrl * C3H) or (involves: 101/H * 129 * BALB/cCrl * C3H * C57BL/6)

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ctnnb1^Bfc mutation (4 available); any Ctnnb1 mutation (49 available)
Dkk1^tm1Lmgd mutation (0 available); any Dkk1 mutation (17 available)
Lrp6^Gw mutation (0 available); any Lrp6 mutation (95 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

embryo

caudal body truncation ( J:170646 )

• 23% of mice exhibit complete head truncation unlike wild-type mice

growth/size/body

abnormal head size ( J:170646 )

• all mice exhibit head reduction defects unlike wild-type mice

Allelic Composition	Ctnnb1^Bfc/Ctnnb1^Bfc Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺
Genetic Background	either: (involves: 129/Sv * BALB/cCrl * C3H/HeNCrl) or (involves: 129/Sv * BALB/cCrl * C3H/HeNCrl * C57BL/6)

Find Mice

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

growth/size/body

abnormal head size ( J:170646 )

• all mice exhibit head reduction defects unlike wild-type mice

Allelic Composition	Ctnnb1^Bfc/Ctnnb1⁺ Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺
Genetic Background	either: (involves: 129/Sv * BALB/cCrl * C3H/HeNCrl) or (involves: 129/Sv * BALB/cCrl * C3H/HeNCrl * C57BL/6)

Find Mice

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

preweaning lethality, incomplete penetrance ( J:170646 )

• fewer than expected mice are produced

• viability is less than in Ctnnb1^Bfc heterozygotes

vision/eye

abnormal eye morphology ( J:170646 )

• ocular defects are higher than in Ctnnb1^Bfc heterozygotes

growth/size/body

abnormal head morphology ( J:170646 )

• 92% of mice exhibit head defects compared with wild-type mice

• head defects are higher than in Ctnnb1^Bfc heterozygotes

Allelic Composition	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺ Lrp6^Gw/Lrp6⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 101/H * 129 * BALB/c * C3H

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Dkk1^tm1Lmgd mutation (0 available); any Dkk1 mutation (17 available)
Lrp6^Gw mutation (0 available); any Lrp6 mutation (95 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

limbs/digits/tail

kinked tail ( J:170646 )

• in all mice

growth/size/body

abnormal head morphology ( J:170646 )

• in 40-43% of mice

Allelic Composition	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺ Lrp6^Gw/Lrp6^Gw
Genetic Background	involves: 101/H * 129 * BALB/c * C3H

Find Mice

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

growth/size/body

abnormal head morphology ( J:170646 )

• in 79% of mice

Allelic Composition	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1^tm1Lmgd Sfrp5^tm1Shwl/Sfrp5^tm1Shwl
Genetic Background	involves: 129 * CD-1

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Dkk1^tm1Lmgd mutation (0 available); any Dkk1 mutation (17 available)
Sfrp5^tm1Shwl mutation (0 available); any Sfrp5 mutation (25 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

perinatal lethality, complete penetrance ( J:117057 )

• no viable double homozygotes are found

embryo

embryo phenotype ( J:117057 )

N	• location of the anterior visceral endoderm and primitive streak morphology are similar to controls

growth/size/body

abnormal anterior head development ( J:117057 )

• at E17.5 9 of 18 mice lack anterior head structures

• this is not significantly different from Dkk1 single homozygotes on the same genetic background

Allelic Composition	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺ Gsc^tm2Bhr/Gsc⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Dkk1^tm1Lmgd mutation (0 available); any Dkk1 mutation (17 available)
Gsc^tm2Bhr mutation (1 available); any Gsc mutation (15 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

nervous system

decreased forebrain size ( J:119933 )

• about 43% of embryos at E7.5 - E9.5 display a mild reduction in forebrain size

Allelic Composition	Dkk1^tm1Lmgd/Dkk1⁺ Gsc^tm2Bhr/Gsc^tm2Bhr
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

embryo

abnormal embryo development ( J:119933 )

• about 75% of embryos at E7.5 - E9.5 display abnormalities that vary in severity

nervous system

decreased forebrain size ( J:119933 )

• at E8.5 and E9.5 variable truncations of the forebrain are seen ranging from mild reduction in head size (14.3% of embryos) to partial loss of the forebrain and ill-defined brain segments (42.8%) and in severely affected embryos (14.3%) anterior truncations resembling those in Dkk1 single homozygotes

vision/eye

abnormal eye development ( J:119933 )

• poor development of the eye primordium in moderately affected embryos (42.8%)

growth/size/body

microcephaly ( J:119933 )

• at E8.5 - E9.5, head size is reduced by 16% compared to wild-type

Contributing Projects: Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO)
Citing These Resources Funding Information Warranty Disclaimer, Privacy Notice, Licensing, & Copyright Send questions and comments to User Support.	last database update 04/23/2024 MGI 6.23