early conceptus |
embryo ectoderm |
embryo endoderm |
embryo mesoderm |
embryo mesenchyme |
extraembryonic component |
alimentary system |
auditory system |
branchial arches |
cardiovascular system |
connective tissue |
endocrine system |
exocrine system |
hemolymphoid system |
integumental system |
limbs |
liver and biliary system |
musculoskeletal system |
nervous system |
olfactory system |
reproductive system |
respiratory system |
urinary system |
visual system |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transcription Start Site | Location | Distance from Gene 5'-end |
| Tssr151867 | Chr18:70701339-70701469 (+) | 144 bp |
| Tssr151868 | Chr18:70701497-70701577 (+) | 277 bp |
| Tssr151869 | Chr18:70701932-70701969 (+) | 691 bp |
| Tssr151870 | Chr18:70701970-70702013 (+) | 732 bp |
| Tssr151871 | Chr18:70713769-70713804 (+) | 12,527 bp |
| Tssr151872 | Chr18:70714131-70714136 (+) | 12,874 bp |
| Tssr151874 | Chr18:70754754-70754758 (+) | 53,496 bp |
| Tssr151875 | Chr18:70755664-70755694 (+) | 54,419 bp |
| Tssr151876 | Chr18:70755696-70755716 (+) | 54,446 bp |
| QTL | Genetic Location* | Genome Location (GRCm39) | Reference | QTL Note |
| Par2 | Chr18, 44.19 cM | Chr18:70362333-76707156 | J:98656 | In a previous study, the Par2 (pulmonary adenoma resistance 2) locus was localized to a 2.4 Mb interval between D18Mit103 (44 cM) and D18Mit188 (47 cM). The current study examines possible candidate genes found within the Par2 critical region. These genes are 2310002L13Rik, Stard6 (44 cM), Poli, Mbd2 (44 cM), and Dcc (45 cM). Poli shows the strongest evidence as a Par2 candidate gene. Sequence analysis revealed 25 nucleotide polymorphisms between lung tumor susceptible strain A/J and lung tumor resistantstrain BALB/cJ resulting in 10 amino acid differences. Two different Poli alternative transcripts (exon 4a and exon 2d) were also observed in lung mRNA of A/J and BALB/cJ animals. The exon 4a isoform encodes a truncated protein due to a premature stop codon, and the exon 2d isoform results in the splicing out of exon 2 without disruption of the reading frame. Resistant strain BALB/cJ produces decreased levels of functional Poli protein due to increased expression of the exon 4a isoform. The Poli protein also displays functional differences and substrate preference between A/J and BALB/cJ strains. |
| Par2 | Chr18, 44.19 cM | Chr18:70362333-76707156 | J:78525 | Microarray gene expression analysis was used to identify candidate genes for tumor resistant and tumor susceptibility QTLs Par8,2,3,4 and and Pas1-4, respectively. Transcripts found within the flanking markers of each QTL were identified and matched to transcripts from Affymetrix probe sets. RNA from A/J, BALB/cJ, C57BL/6J, and SM/J were used for analysis. Pas1 is located between 48.2 cM and 75 cM on mouse Chromosome 6 and was identified in a cross between A/J and C57BL/6J. Candidate oncogenic genes identified by microarray analysis are hes related protein (**Note- this gene is not found in MGD), Ppih (cyclophilin H **Note-this gene is positioned on mouse Chromosome 4 in MGD), Ptpro, Mglap, Recql, and Bcat1 (ECA39). Other candidate genes identified via differential expression are Ccnd2 (cyclin D2) and high mobility group protein 2A,4 (**Note-this gene is not found in MGD). K-ras, a positional candidate gene, did not show significantly different expression between A/J and C57BL/6J. Pas2 is located between 17 cMand 23.2 cM on mouse Chromosome 17 and was identified in crosses involving A/J and C57BL/6J. Candidate oncogenic genes identified by microarray analysis are Notch4, Hnrpk (**Note-this gene is positioned on mouse Chromosome 13 in MGD), and Enpp4. Other candidate genes identified via differential expression are Cdc5l, Tapbp (tapasin), H2-Ke2, Rbx1 (regulator of cullins 1 **Note- this gene is found on mouse Chromosome 15 in MGD), Psors1c2, H2-Ke6, and H2-M9. Positional candidate genes Tnf (Tnfa) and Lta (Tnfb) did not show significantly different expression between A/J and C57BL/6J. Pas3 is located between 2 cM and 25 cM on mouse Chromosome 19 and was identified in a cross between A/J and C57BL/6J. Candidate oncogenic genes identified by microarray analysis are golgi specific Gbf1 (brefeldin A resistance factor 1) and Sema4g. Other candidate genes identified via differential expression are Pdcd4, Adrb1, and Cdc25l. Pas4 is located between 42 cM and 72 cM on mouse Chromosome 9 and was identified in a cross between A/J and C57BL/6J. Candidate oncogenic genes identified by microarray analysis are Nck1, Pthr1, and Topbp1. Candidate tumor suppressor genes for Pas4 are G protein alpha I 2 (**Note-this gene is not found in MGD), Cdk5 (**Note-this gene is positioned on mouse Chromosome 5 in MGD), Smarcd3 (**Note-this gene is positioned on mouse Chromosome 5 in MGD), and Nckipsd. Another candidate gene identified via differential expression is Stag1. Par1 is located between 37 cM and 59 cM on mouse Chromosome 11 and was identified in a cross between A/J and SM/J. Candidate oncogenic genes identified by microarray analysis are Alox12 (12-lipoxygenase), Zfp617 (zinc finger protein s11-6), Grn, and Rpl29 (**Note-this gene is positioned on mouse Chromosome 9 in MGD). A tumor suppressor candidate gene for Par1 is Spop. 02.05.2016 Curator Note: Because Par1 was originally mapped in J:32079 using an (A/J x M. spretus) x C57BL/6J interspecific backcross, which differs from the cross used here, we have equated this QTL with Par8 which was mapped using A/J and SM/J mice, see J:41849. Par2 is located between 32 cM and 57 cM on mouse Chromosome 18 and was identified in a cross between A/J and BALB/cJ. Candidate oncogenic genes identified by microarray analysis are Adrb2, Mbd2, Htr4, Hmgb1-rs12, and Iigp1. Dcc is an expected candidate gene of Par2 but its expression pattern (A/J=high expression) is not consistent with its effect on tumor resistance/susceptibility. Mc2r is another candidate gene identified via differential gene expression between A/J and SM/J. Par3 is located between 13 cM and 44 cM on mouse Chromosome 12 and was identified in a cross between A/J and SM/J. Only one candidate oncogenic gene was identified for Par3. This is placental growth factor, Pgf. Par4 is located between 10.6 cM and 42.5 cM on mouse Chromosome 4 and was identified in a cross between A/J and BALB/cJ. Candidate tumor suppressor genes identified via differential gene expression are Cdkn2a, Egfl5, Ambp (bikunin), Pole3, Tyrp1, Ifnab, and Igfbpl1.Candidate oncogenes are T complex protein 1 alpha (**Note-this gene is not found in MGD) and Stmn1. Another candidate gene identified via differential expression between A/J and SM/J is Ptprd. |
Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO) |
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last database update 09/01/2026 MGI 6.24 |
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