Phenotypes associated with this allele
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Epha4tm1.2Bzh mutation
(0 available);
any
Epha4 mutation
(66 available)
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behavior/neurological
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• quadrupedal hopping gait is dominant at all locomotor frequencies
• occasional alternating gait is seen at lower frequencies
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nervous system
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• significantly wider gap between the central canal and the ventral edge of the dorsal funiculus
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• wider and the distance from the ventral edge to the surface of the spinal cord is shorter; however, the total area is not different from controls
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Epha4tm1.2Bzh mutation
(0 available);
any
Epha4 mutation
(66 available)
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behavior/neurological
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• unlike in germ line null mice, the gait is similar to that in wild-type mice
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nervous system
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• increased midline re-crossing of axons dorsal to the central canal in both the cervical enlargement and lumbar spinal cord
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Epha4tm1.1Bzh mutation
(1 available);
any
Epha4 mutation
(66 available)
Epha4tm1.2Bzh mutation
(0 available);
any
Epha4 mutation
(66 available)
Tg(Slc17a6-icre)1Oki mutation
(1 available)
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behavior/neurological
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• quadrupedal hopping gait is dominant at all locomotor frequencies
• occasional alternating gait is seen at lower frequencies
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nervous system
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• increase in axon midline crossing
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• significantly wider gap between the central canal and the ventral edge of the dorsal funiculus
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• wider and the distance from the ventral edge to the surface of the spinal cord is shorter; however, the total area is not different from controls
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• chemically and electrically stimulated locomotor-like activity in isolated spinal cord preparations induces a synchronous "hopping" locomotor-like activity rather than an alternating locomotor-like activity
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Epha4tm1.1Bzh mutation
(1 available);
any
Epha4 mutation
(66 available)
Epha4tm1.2Bzh mutation
(0 available);
any
Epha4 mutation
(66 available)
Tg(Hoxb8-cre)1403Uze mutation
(0 available)
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behavior/neurological
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• dominant hopping hindlimb gait at all frequencies of locomotion with occasional alternating gait at frequencies around and less than 4 Hz
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nervous system
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• significantly wider gap between the central canal and the ventral edge of the dorsal funiculus
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• wider and the distance from the ventral edge to the surface of the spinal cord is shorter; however, the total area is not different from controls
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Epha4tm1.2Bzh mutation
(0 available);
any
Epha4 mutation
(66 available)
Tg(Hlxb9-GFP)1Tmj mutation
(3 available)
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nervous system
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• abducens nerves appear less defasciculated than in Chn1tm1.2Ece homozygotes
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• aberrant abducens nerve fascicles wander more than in Chn1tm1.2Ece homozygotes and some aberrant abducens nerve fascicles track with the mandibular and cervical branches of the facial nerve, rather than the buccal branch
• embryos show minor aberrant innervation of the lateral rectus from the oculomotor nerve
• however, trochlear nerve and first spine projections are unaffected
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• E13.5 mutants have approximately half the number of abducens motor neurons than in wild-type
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• in orbits, the lateral rectus muscle is appropriately innervated by the abducens nerve, although occasionally the nerve appears thinner
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cellular
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• abducens nerves appear less defasciculated than in Chn1tm1.2Ece homozygotes
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Chn1tm1.2Ece mutation
(0 available);
any
Chn1 mutation
(44 available)
Epha4tm1.2Bzh mutation
(0 available);
any
Epha4 mutation
(66 available)
Tg(Hlxb9-GFP)1Tmj mutation
(3 available)
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nervous system
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• 2 of 5 embryos show orbital innervation failure by abducens nerve
• abducens nerve shows enhanced wandering of abducens bundles
• however, embryos show normalized abducens exit and fasciculation
• embryos show increased abducens nerve stalling compared to homozygous Chn1tm1.1Ece homozygotes and similar abducens nerve wandering compared to Epha4tm1.2Bzh homozygotes
• stalled projections do not stay within normal nerve boundaries and instead wander to track with the mandibular and cervical branches of the facial nerve
• the abducens nerve fails to innervate the lateral rectus at E16.5, which instead is innervated by aberrant branches of the oculomotor nerve; this phenotype is worse than seen in single Epha4tm1.2Bzh homozygotes
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• embryos show a reduction in abducens nerve length and diameter at the orbit
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Chn1tm1.2Ece mutation
(0 available);
any
Chn1 mutation
(44 available)
Epha4tm1.2Bzh mutation
(0 available);
any
Epha4 mutation
(66 available)
Tg(Hlxb9-GFP)1Tmj mutation
(3 available)
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nervous system
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• while embryos show normalized abducens exit and fasciculation, abducens nerve stalling is increased in the abducens fasciculation region, with both reduced abducens nerve length and thinner nerve diameter near the orbit
• stalled projections do not stay within normal nerve boundaries and instead wander to track with the mandibular and cervical branches of the facial nerve
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• abducens nerve length is reduced in embryos and nerve diameter is thinner near the orbit
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Chn1tm1.1Ece mutation
(0 available);
any
Chn1 mutation
(44 available)
Epha4tm1.2Bzh mutation
(0 available);
any
Epha4 mutation
(66 available)
Tg(Hlxb9-GFP)1Tmj mutation
(3 available)
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nervous system
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• embryos exhibit trochlear nerve branching abnormalities similar to those of Chn1tm1.1Ece homozygous embryos
• however, the first cervical spine projections are normal
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Analysis Tools