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Phenotypes associated with this allele
Allele Symbol
Allele Name
Allele ID 		Axin1+
wild type
MGI:2434753
Summary 10 genotypes
Jump to Allelic Composition Genetic Background Genotype ID
ht1
 		Axin1Fu/Axin1+ 129P4.Cg-Axin1Fu/J MGI:3778021
ht2
 		Axin1Fu/Axin1+ involves: 129/Rr * C3H/He * C57BL/6J MGI:3778159
ht3
 		Axin1Fu/Axin1+ involves: 129/Rr * C3H/He * C57BL/6J * wild MGI:3778160
ht4
 		Axin1Fu/Axin1+ involves: 129P4/RrRk * TF/Le MGI:3778388
ht5
 		Axin1Fu/Axin1+ involves: C57BL/6J * CBA/Lac MGI:3777738
ht6
 		Axin1Fu/Axin1+ involves: M. m. bactrianus MGI:5293745
ht7
 		Axin1Fu-ki/Axin1+ mixed MGI:3663589
ht8
 		Axin1Fu/Axin1+ Not Specified MGI:3623255
ht9
 		Axin1Fu-kb/Axin1+ Not Specified MGI:3835024
cx10
 		Avy/a
Axin1Fu/Axin1+ 		involves: 129P4/RrRk * C67BL/6J MGI:3778273


Genotype
MGI:3778021
ht1
Allelic
Composition		 Axin1Fu/Axin1+
Genetic
Background		 129P4.Cg-Axin1Fu/J
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Axin1Fu mutation (1 available); any Axin1 mutation (43 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
cellular
genetic imprinting ( J:82396 )
• severity of phenotype is transmitted, particularly through males
maternal imprinting ( J:82396 )
• penetrant heterozygous dams transmit 46% penetrant and 54% silent offspring and non-penetrant heterozygous dams transmit 30% penetrant and 70% silent offspring
paternal imprinting ( J:82396 )
• penetrant heterozygous sires transmit 76% penetrant offspring while non-penetrant heterozygous sires transmit only 60% penetrant offspring.
• the LTR/intron 6 region is heavily methylated in non-penetrant heterozygotes and relatively hypomethylated in penetrant heterozygotes




Genotype
MGI:3778159
ht2
Allelic
Composition		 Axin1Fu/Axin1+
Genetic
Background		 involves: 129/Rr * C3H/He * C57BL/6J
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Axin1Fu mutation (1 available); any Axin1 mutation (43 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
cellular
genetic imprinting ( J:6577 )
• penetrance is reduced when transmitted from males, rather than females, when the fused carrier parent is of a mixed 129/Rr and C3H/He background and the non-carrier parent is a tufted homozygote on the C57BL/6J background




Genotype
MGI:3778160
ht3
Allelic
Composition		 Axin1Fu/Axin1+
Genetic
Background		 involves: 129/Rr * C3H/He * C57BL/6J * wild
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Axin1Fu mutation (1 available); any Axin1 mutation (43 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
cellular
genetic imprinting ( J:6577 )
• Background Sensitivity: a homozygote on a mixed background transmits lower penetrance of fused when bred to a wild mouse from the environs of Novosibirsk than when bred to a C3H mouse




Genotype
MGI:3778388
ht4
Allelic
Composition		 Axin1Fu/Axin1+
Genetic
Background		 involves: 129P4/RrRk * TF/Le
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Axin1Fu mutation (1 available); any Axin1 mutation (43 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
normal phenotype
reversion by viral sequence excision ( J:68896 )
• many instances of non-expression of the fused phenotype are not due to redueced penetrance but rather to spontaneous viral excision




Genotype
MGI:3777738
ht5
Allelic
Composition		 Axin1Fu/Axin1+
Genetic
Background		 involves: C57BL/6J * CBA/Lac
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Axin1Fu mutation (1 available); any Axin1 mutation (43 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
cellular
paternal imprinting ( J:133043 )
• Penetrance of the fused phenotype is decreased when transmitted from males injected with hydrocortisone acetate prior to breeding.




Genotype
MGI:5293745
ht6
Allelic
Composition		 Axin1Fu/Axin1+
Genetic
Background		 involves: M. m. bactrianus
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Axin1Fu mutation (1 available); any Axin1 mutation (43 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
normal phenotype
no abnormal phenotype detected ( J:12953 )
• dominant skeletal abnormalities are not observed in mice of this genotype and background




Genotype
MGI:3663589
ht7
Allelic
Composition		 Axin1Fu-ki/Axin1+
Genetic
Background		 mixed
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Axin1Fu-ki mutation (0 available); any Axin1 mutation (43 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
limbs/digits/tail
abnormal caudal vertebrae morphology ( J:13056 )
• some vertebrae show abnormalities in structure, with one side shorter than the other, causing the following vertebra to form an angle with it
caudal vertebral fusion ( J:13056 )
• two neighboring vertebrae may be fused, producing stiff tail segments
short tail ( J:13056 )
• may be reduced to as little as 1/2 of normal length
bifurcated tail ( J:13056 )
• occasionally observe bifurcations of the tail
kinked tail ( J:13056 )
• variable tail flexure, ranging from a barely perceptible bend or bump to a strong spiral twist

skeleton
rib fusion ( J:13056 )
• partial and total rib fusions due to reductions of vertebrae
abnormal caudal vertebrae morphology ( J:13056 )
• some vertebrae show abnormalities in structure, with one side shorter than the other, causing the following vertebra to form an angle with it
caudal vertebral fusion ( J:13056 )
• two neighboring vertebrae may be fused, producing stiff tail segments
abnormal thoracic vertebrae morphology ( J:13056 )
• abnormalities include eccentric reductions of single vertebrae
thoracic vertebral fusion ( J:13056 )
• ankyloses between adjacent vertebrae
abnormal lumbar vertebrae morphology ( J:13056 )
• abnormalities include eccentric reductions of single vertebrae
lumbar vertebral fusion ( J:13056 )
• ankyloses between adjacent vertebrae
abnormal sacral vertebrae morphology ( J:13056 )
• abnormalities include eccentric reductions of single vertebrae
sacral vertebral fusion ( J:13056 )
• ankyloses between adjacent vertebrae




Genotype
MGI:3623255
ht8
Allelic
Composition		 Axin1Fu/Axin1+
Genetic
Background		 Not Specified
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Axin1Fu mutation (1 available); any Axin1 mutation (43 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
skeleton
abnormal craniofacial bone morphology ( J:12112 )
• various dysmorphology can occur
absent ribs ( J:12953 )
• number absent and frequency of absence is variable
rib fusion ( J:12953 )
• number of ribs fused and location are variable

limbs/digits/tail
abnormal hindlimb morphology ( J:12953 )
• reduction in hind leg may occur
abnormal tail length ( J:12953 )
• tail length may be variable
bifurcated tail ( J:12953 )
• bifurcated tail is seen infrequently

behavior/neurological
circling ( J:242 )
• variable expression

hearing/vestibular/ear
deafness ( J:242 )
• associated with circling behavior

craniofacial
abnormal craniofacial bone morphology ( J:12112 )
• various dysmorphology can occur

renal/urinary system
absent kidney ( J:12112 )
• one or both kidneys and ureters may be missing
urethra atresia ( J:12112 )
• imperforate urethra possible

digestive/alimentary system
rectal atresia ( J:12112 )
• imperforate rectum possible

cellular
maternal effect ( J:12953 )
• offspring of heterozygous and homozygous Axin1Fu mothers are less likely to express abnormalities than offspring of homozygous wild-type mothers




Genotype
MGI:3835024
ht9
Allelic
Composition		 Axin1Fu-kb/Axin1+
Genetic
Background		 Not Specified
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Axin1Fu-kb mutation (0 available); any Axin1 mutation (43 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
limbs/digits/tail




Genotype
MGI:3778273
cx10
Allelic
Composition		 Avy/a
Axin1Fu/Axin1+
Genetic
Background		 involves: 129P4/RrRk * C67BL/6J
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
a mutation (166 available); any a mutation (468 available)
Avy mutation (4 available); any a mutation (468 available)
Axin1Fu mutation (1 available); any Axin1 mutation (43 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
cellular
genetic imprinting ( J:82396 )
• penetrance of fused and viable yellow are independent of each other with double heterozygotes displaying all combinations of coat color and tail phenotypes due to independent variations in penetrance of each




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Send questions and comments to User Support. 		last database update
03/25/2025
MGI 6.24 		The Jackson Laboratory