Analysis Tools
behavior/neurological
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• mice exhibit deficits in exploratory behavior as measured in an elevated plus maze test
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• although corticosterone and testosterone levels are normal, mice exhibit increased aggressive behaviors
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• mice are described as 'hard to handle' and mice responded to being held by the tail by vocalizing, struggling, jumping and biting
• mice on the C57BL/6J background displayed more aggression than on the B6129F1 background
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• violent behavior begins at 5 months of age and is exhibited towards other mice, occasionally leading to death
• standardized tests for aggression included introducing mice in their home cage to intruders
• mice on the C57BL/6J background displayed more aggression than on the B6129F1 background
• when breeding, males either wound or kill females
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• mice exhibit a a diminished ability to find, sniff and nibble a hidden cookie, deficits in visual placing as measured by the extension of a paw when lowered to the edge of a table, longer times to turn on an inclined screen, and deficits in exploratory behavior as measured in an elevated plus maze test
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• females abandon their nests and do not nurse their pups
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nervous system
hydrocephaly
(
J:71869
)
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• mice exhibit pronounced on the C57BL/6J congenic background, 30% of the animals have overt hydrocephalus
• however, little to no hydrocephalus is seen in the 129P3/JEms congenic background or the B6129F1 hybrid animals
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• the cerebrum and olfactory regions of the brain are decreased
• however, cerebellar size is normal
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• at E16.5, hypoplasia of the anterior brain is observed
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• mice exhibit enlarged ventricles
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• the rostral commissure is almost always thinner than in wild-type mice and particularly thin and wispy across the midline
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• the cerebrum appears flattened
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• the optic nerve is smaller than in wild-type mice and its architecture is disrupted with collapse of the pial septa
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vision/eye
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• the optic nerve is smaller than in wild-type mice and its architecture is disrupted with collapse of the pial septa
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• the inner retinal layer is retarded in separation into the bipolar and ganglion cell layers
• Background Sensitivity: on a 129P3/JEms background the photoreceptor temporal and fill nasal layers are thinned compared to all 6 layers in the C57BL/6 background and the bipolar temporal, receptor tempora, bipolar nasal and photoreceptor nasal are thinned in the B6129F1 background
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• retinal vessels are small in size and few in number
• Background Sensitivity: retinal vessels are almost absent in the C57BL/6 background
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• the ganglion layer exhibits incomplete differentiation
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• differentiation of the ganglion layer is incomplete with cell nuclei remaining in the inner plexiform layer resembling the developing retina characteristic of a day 14 to 15 embryo at 11 to 12 weeks of age
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• the nerve fiber layer is either poorly defined or absent
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• the photoreceptor layer is thinner than in wild-type mice
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• the electroretinogram (ERG) signal is reduced
• Background Sensitivity: ERG is non-detectable on the C57BL/6 background and b-wave amplitude is reduced to 25% of wild-type in the B6129F1 background
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growth/size/body
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• mice are smaller than wild-type mice
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• Background Sensitivity: reduced weight is more pronounced on the B6129F1 background (at 3 weeks, 8.2+/-0.3 g compared to 6.0+/-0.3 g in wild-type mice)
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• mice either fail to gain weight or lose weight 2 to 3 weeks after birth
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reproductive system
adipose tissue
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• total fat pad amount is decreased (3.1+/-1.0% compared to 5.7+/-2.0% in wild-type mice)
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cardiovascular system
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• retinal vessels are small in size and few in number
• Background Sensitivity: retinal vessels are almost absent in the C57BL/6 background
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