All Phenotypes Ret<+> MGI Mouse

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Phenotypes associated with this allele

Allele Symbol
Allele Name
Allele ID

Ret⁺
wild type
MGI:2152812

Summary

18 genotypes

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
ht1	Ret^tm1Giro/Ret⁺	129.129P2-Ret^tm1Giro	MGI:3819169
ht2	Ret^tm2.1Cos/Ret⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * C57BL/6J * FVB/N	MGI:3583335
ht3	Ret^tm1Cos/Ret⁺	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5295936
ht4	Ret^tm1Cos/Ret⁺	involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6	MGI:3588575
ht5	Ret^tm1Cti/Ret⁺	involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J	MGI:3628455
ht6	Ret^tm1Giro/Ret⁺	involves: 129/Sv * 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6	MGI:3819168
ht7	Ret^{tm3.1(Bcl2l1)Heno}/Ret⁺	involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6	MGI:4459059
ht8	Ret^tm1Jmi/Ret⁺	involves: 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5585303
ht9	Ret^{tm14(Gfra1)Jmi}/Ret⁺	involves: 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3801031
ht10	Ret^{tm3.1(RET)Jmi}/Ret⁺	Not Specified	MGI:3487264
ht11	Ret^tm3(RET)Jmi/Ret⁺	Not Specified	MGI:3487263
ht12	Ret^{tm2(cre/ERT2)Ddg}/Ret⁺	Not Specified	MGI:4455337
cx13	Islr2^tm1.1Ddg/Islr2^tm1.1Ddg Ret^tm1.1Ddg/Ret⁺	involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * BALB/cJ * C57BL/6	MGI:4413451
cx14	Pax2^tm1Pgr/Pax2⁺ Ret^tm1Cos/Ret⁺	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5295884
cx15	Ret^tm1Cos/Ret⁺ Wnt11^tm1Amc/Wnt11⁺	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * MF1	MGI:2665016
cx16	Ret^tm1Cos/Ret⁺ Wnt11^tm1Amc/Wnt11^tm1Amc	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * MF1	MGI:2665019
cx17	Kifbp^em1Hmy/Kifbp^em1Hmy Ret^tm1Jmi/Ret⁺	involves: 129X1/SvJ	MGI:6154379
cx18	Gfra1^tm3Jmi/Gfra1^tm3Jmi Ret^{tm14(Gfra1)Jmi}/Ret⁺	involves: 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3801035

Allelic Composition	Ret^tm1Giro/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	129.129P2-Ret^tm1Giro

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ret^tm1Giro mutation (0 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

endocrine/exocrine glands

adrenal cortical hyperplasia ( J:141658 )

• 14% to 15% of mice exhibit adrenal gland cortical nodular regeneration or hyperplasia

abnormal thyroid gland morphology ( J:141658 )

• thyroid gland dysplasia and adenoma are observed in 12% of mice unlike in wild-type mice

increased thyroid adenoma incidence ( J:141658 )

• thyroid gland dysplasia and adenoma are observed in 12% of mice unlike in wild-type mice

neoplasm

increased thyroid adenoma incidence ( J:141658 )

• thyroid gland dysplasia and adenoma are observed in 12% of mice unlike in wild-type mice

Allelic Composition	Ret^tm2.1Cos/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * C57BL/6J * FVB/N

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ret^tm2.1Cos mutation (1 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

endocrine/exocrine glands

adrenergic chromaffin cell hyperplasia ( J:60659 )

• 16-17% display nodular chromaffin cell hyperplasia, rarely progressing to pheochromocytoma

thyroid gland hyperplasia ( J:60659 )

• 31% of young and 41% of older mutants display diffuse C-cell hyperplasia and 14% have more advanced nodular C-cell hyperplasia

nervous system

adrenergic chromaffin cell hyperplasia ( J:60659 )

• 16-17% display nodular chromaffin cell hyperplasia, rarely progressing to pheochromocytoma

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
NOT	familial medullary thyroid carcinoma	DOID:0050547	OMIM:155240	J:60659
multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B		DOID:10016	OMIM:162300	J:60659

Allelic Composition	Ret^tm1Cos/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ret^tm1Cos mutation (2 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

renal/urinary system

decreased renal glomerulus number ( J:117753 )

• at P15, heterozygotes show a reduced mean glomerular density relative to wild-type littermates (7.25 versus 8.95 glomeruli per unit area, respectively)

single kidney ( J:117753 )

• at P15, about 4% of heterozygotes exhibit unilateral renal agenesis

Allelic Composition	Ret^tm1Cos/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ret^tm1Cos mutation (2 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

digestive/alimentary system

intestinal hypoperistalsis ( J:82456 )

• decrease in both longitudinal and circular muscle contraction of the intestine in response to electric field stimulation

nervous system

abnormal enteric neuron morphology ( J:82456 )

• colon submucosal neuron size is reduced by 16%, however cell size of small bowel submucosal neurons and myenteric and submucosal neuron numbers in the small bowel and colon are normal

• the myenteric plexus has a 35% reduction in cell size in the small bowel and 34% reduction in the colon

• myenteric neuron acetylcholinesterase-stained fiber counts are reduced by 11-13%

abnormal neurotransmitter secretion ( J:82456 )

• 70-95% reduction in substance P and VIP release

muscle

intestinal hypoperistalsis ( J:82456 )

• decrease in both longitudinal and circular muscle contraction of the intestine in response to electric field stimulation

Allelic Composition	Ret^tm1Cti/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ret^tm1Cti mutation (0 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

nervous system

abnormal enteric neuron morphology ( J:107335 )

• male heterozygotes have a lower number of enteric neurons in the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and in colon; female heterozygotes display the same features in the duodenum, ileum, cecum and in both the proximal and distal part of the colon

digestive/alimentary system

abnormal large intestine morphology ( J:107335 )

• in both male and female heterozygotes, the muscular layer of proximal and distal colon is thinner than in wild-type; in females the apex of the cecum shows reduced muscle thickness, while males show a thinner muscular layer in the body and apex of the cecum

abnormal small intestine morphology ( J:107335 )

• a reduced thickness of the muscular layer of the duodenum of heterozygotes is apparent; female heterozygotes display reduced muscle thickness in the jejunum

Allelic Composition	Ret^tm1Giro/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129/Sv * 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ret^tm1Giro mutation (0 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

endocrine/exocrine glands

adrenal cortical hyperplasia ( J:141658 )

• 14% to 15% of mice exhibit adrenal gland cortical nodular regeneration or hyperplasia

Allelic Composition	Ret^{tm3.1(Bcl2l1)Heno}/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ret^{tm3.1(Bcl2l1)Heno} mutation (0 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

nervous system

nervous system phenotype ( J:159854 )

N	• mice exhibit normal numbers of neurons in the small intestine and colon

decreased neuron apoptosis ( J:159854 )

• enteric neurons are protected from GDNF-induced apoptosis compared with similarly treated wild-type neurons

digestive/alimentary system

digestive/alimentary phenotype ( J:159854 )

N	• mice exhibit normal numbers of neurons in the small intestine and colon

cellular

decreased neuron apoptosis ( J:159854 )

• enteric neurons are protected from GDNF-induced apoptosis compared with similarly treated wild-type neurons

Allelic Composition	Ret^tm1Jmi/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ret^tm1Jmi mutation (0 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

renal/urinary system

impaired branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis ( J:213514 )

• analysis of branching at 15.5 dpc revealed a subtle but significant (18%) decrease in ureteric branch tips in Ret+/- embryonic kidneys compared with littermate controls, although other metrics describing the structure of the branched tree were normal

• quantification of cap cells and tip cells per niche also trended toward larger cap and tip volumes (more like younger kidneys), although this did not reach statistical significance

• decreased niche number observed at P0 confirms the tip deficit observed at E15.5

Allelic Composition	Ret^{tm14(Gfra1)Jmi}/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ret^{tm14(Gfra1)Jmi} mutation (0 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

normal phenotype

no abnormal phenotype detected ( J:130616 )

• heterozygotes grow normally without overt deficits in the enteric system or kidney

Allelic Composition	Ret^{tm3.1(RET)Jmi}/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	Not Specified

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ret^{tm3.1(RET)Jmi} mutation (0 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

premature death ( J:93262 )

• died with the first 4 weeks of life

digestive/alimentary system

abnormal colon morphology ( J:93262 )

• narrowed distal colon

• dilated proximal colon

distended ileum ( J:93262 )

• dilated

endocrine/exocrine glands

seminiferous tubule degeneration ( J:93262 )

• by 4 weeks of age

renal/urinary system

kidney cyst ( J:93262 )

• 50% with renal tubular cysts and proteinaceous casts at 3, 4 weeks of age

decreased renal glomerulus number ( J:93262 )

abnormal kidney development ( J:93262 )

• development variable from normal to bilateral kidney agenesis

• hypoplastic with 50% reduction in glomeruli but normal kidney organization

renal hypoplasia ( J:93262 )

• hypoplastic with 50% reduction in glomeruli but normal kidney organization

renal cast ( J:93262 )

• 50% with renal tubular cysts and proteinaceous casts at 3, 4 weeks of age

reproductive system

seminiferous tubule degeneration ( J:93262 )

• by 4 weeks of age

abnormal spermatogenesis ( J:93262 )

• fewer proliferating cells in the testis at day 10 when cells first enter meiosis

• spermiogenesis at 4 weeks of age

arrest of spermatogenesis ( J:93262 )

• maturation arrested

• fewer round spermatids and no elongated ones

nervous system

abnormal enteric nervous system morphology ( J:93262 )

• reductions in neuron numbers and neuronal fiber density in the proximal small intestine

abnormal enteric ganglia morphology ( J:93262 )

• intestinal aganglionosis involving distal colon and ileocecal junction

abnormal pterygopalatine ganglion morphology ( J:93262 )

• 50% reduced neuron number in sphenopalatine ganglia

growth/size/body

kidney cyst ( J:93262 )

• 50% with renal tubular cysts and proteinaceous casts at 3, 4 weeks of age

Allelic Composition	Ret^tm3(RET)Jmi/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	Not Specified

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ret^tm3(RET)Jmi mutation (0 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

normal phenotype

no abnormal phenotype detected ( J:93262 )

Allelic Composition	Ret^{tm2(cre/ERT2)Ddg}/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	Not Specified

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ret^{tm2(cre/ERT2)Ddg} mutation (0 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

normal phenotype

no abnormal phenotype detected ( J:157722 )

• mice are viable and fertile; no detailed analysis available

Allelic Composition	Islr2^tm1.1Ddg/Islr2^tm1.1Ddg Ret^tm1.1Ddg/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * BALB/cJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Islr2^tm1.1Ddg mutation (1 available); any Islr2 mutation (23 available)
Ret^tm1.1Ddg mutation (0 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

nervous system

abnormal neuron morphology ( J:154926 )

• the peroneal nerve is shorter than in wild-type mice and Islr2^tm1.1Ddg homozygotes

Allelic Composition	Pax2^tm1Pgr/Pax2⁺ Ret^tm1Cos/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Pax2^tm1Pgr mutation (1 available); any Pax2 mutation (47 available)
Ret^tm1Cos mutation (2 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

preweaning lethality, incomplete penetrance ( J:117753 )

• double heterozygotes are significantly underrepresented at weaning, probably due to postnatal renal insufficiency in a subset of newborns

renal/urinary system

decreased renal glomerulus number ( J:117753 )

• at P15, double heterozygotes show a significant reduction of ~49%, 37% and 22% in mean glomerular density (4.57 glomeruli per unit area) relative to wild-type (8.95 glomeruli per unit area), single Ret^tm1Cos heterozygotes (7.25 glomeruli per unit area) and single Pax2^tm1Pgr heterozygotes (5.79 glomeruli per unit area), respectively

renal hypoplasia ( J:117753 )

• at P15, double heterozygotes show a significantly reduced kidney to body mass ratio (0.56%) relative to wild-type (0.75%) or single Ret^tm1Cos heterozygous (0.75%) littermates

• at E18.5, double heterozygotes show a significantly reduced kidney to body mass ratio (0.23%) relative to wild-type (0.42%) or single Ret^tm1Cos heterozygous (0.45%) littermates

absent kidney ( J:117753 )

• at E18.5, about 13% of double heterozygotes display bilateral renal agenesis

single kidney ( J:117753 )

• at E18.5, about 52% of double heterozygotes display unilateral renal agenesis

• at P15, about 15% of double heterozygotes exhibit unilateral renal agenesis, suggesting postnatal death most likely due to renal hypoplasia and insufficiency

absent ureter ( J:117753 )

• at E18.5, the ipsilateral ureters of agenic kidney(s) are also absent

• however, the adrenal glands, bladder and genitals are still present in all instances of renal agenesis

impaired branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis ( J:117753 )

• in culture, both E11.5 and E12.5 kidney explants show a stunted pattern of branching morphogenesis with a significantly lower number of branch points relative to wild-type and single Ret^tm1Cos heterozygous explants

Allelic Composition	Ret^tm1Cos/Ret⁺ Wnt11^tm1Amc/Wnt11⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * MF1

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ret^tm1Cos mutation (2 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)
Wnt11^tm1Amc mutation (3 available); any Wnt11 mutation (22 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

renal/urinary system

small kidney ( J:83430 )

• kidneys are 52% the size of wild-type at E18.5

Allelic Composition	Ret^tm1Cos/Ret⁺ Wnt11^tm1Amc/Wnt11^tm1Amc
Genetic Background	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * MF1

Find Mice

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

renal/urinary system

small kidney ( J:83430 )

• kidneys are 44% the size of Wnt11-null kidneys and 67% the size of Ret,Wnt11 double heterozygotes

impaired branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis ( J:83430 )

• ureteric branching is severely affected at E12.5, much mores so than in Wnt11 null embryos

• kidneys only have 2-4 ureteric buds at E12.5 compared to the normal 7 in wild-type

Allelic Composition	Kifbp^em1Hmy/Kifbp^em1Hmy Ret^tm1Jmi/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Kifbp^em1Hmy mutation (1 available); any Kifbp mutation (36 available)
Ret^tm1Jmi mutation (0 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

embryo

abnormal embryo development ( J:253679 )

• delayed colonization of intestines by enteric neural crest-derived cells (ENCCs), as determined by Sox10 staining in E12.5 embryos

Allelic Composition	Gfra1^tm3Jmi/Gfra1^tm3Jmi Ret^{tm14(Gfra1)Jmi}/Ret⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Gfra1^tm3Jmi mutation (0 available); any Gfra1 mutation (33 available)
Ret^{tm14(Gfra1)Jmi} mutation (0 available); any Ret mutation (52 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

normal phenotype

no abnormal phenotype detected ( J:130616 )

• mutants exhibit no deficits in enteric neurons, motor neurons, Schwann cells, regenerating nerves, ureteric bud and kidney development and no abnormalities in the olfactory bulb

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