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Phenotypes associated with this allele
Allele Symbol
Allele Name
Allele ID 		Tg(APOC1)1Lmh
transgene insertion 1, Louis M Havekes
MGI:1926379
Summary 7 genotypes
Jump to Allelic Composition Genetic Background Genotype ID
cx1
 		Tg(APOC1)1Lmh/0
Tg(APOC1)3Lmh/0 		C57BL/6-Tg(APOC1)1Lmh Tg(APOC1)3Lmh MGI:3764676
cx2
 		Ldlrtm1Her/Ldlrtm1Her
Tg(APOC1)1Lmh/? 		involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6 MGI:3764683
tg3
 		Tg(APOC1)1Lmh/Tg(APOC1)1Lmh C57BL/6-Tg(APOC1)1Lmh MGI:3764661
tg4
 		Tg(APOC1)1Lmh/Tg(APOC1)1Lmh involves: C57BL/6 MGI:5564916
tg5
 		Tg(APOC1)1Lmh/Tg(APOC1)1Lmh involves: C57BL/6J MGI:3797231
tg6
 		Tg(APOC1)1Lmh/0 C57BL/6-Tg(APOC1)1Lmh MGI:2174816
tg7
 		Tg(APOC1)1Lmh/? C57BL/6-Tg(APOC1)1Lmh MGI:3764681


Genotype
MGI:3764676
cx1
Allelic
Composition		 Tg(APOC1)1Lmh/0
Tg(APOC1)3Lmh/0
Genetic
Background		 C57BL/6-Tg(APOC1)1Lmh Tg(APOC1)3Lmh
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
No mouse lines available in IMSR.
See publication links below for author information.
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
homeostasis/metabolism

vision/eye
abnormal eye morphology ( J:65036 )
• develop extensive crusts around the eyes

integument
alopecia ( J:65036 )
• hair loss becomes more severe upon aging, such that older mutants appear almost hairless
scaly skin ( J:65036 )
• fine epidermal scaling
increased pruritus ( J:65036 )
• develop pruritus

endocrine/exocrine glands




Genotype
MGI:3764683
cx2
Allelic
Composition		 Ldlrtm1Her/Ldlrtm1Her
Tg(APOC1)1Lmh/?
Genetic
Background		 involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ldlrtm1Her mutation (21 available); any Ldlr mutation (78 available)
Tg(APOC1)1Lmh mutation (0 available)
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
homeostasis/metabolism
increased circulating cholesterol level ( J:65146 )
• elevated levels of serum cholesterol, mainly confined to the VLDL-sized fraction
increased circulating triglyceride level ( J:65146 )
• elevated levels of serum triglyceride, mainly confined to the VLDL-sized fraction




Genotype
MGI:3764661
tg3
Allelic
Composition		 Tg(APOC1)1Lmh/Tg(APOC1)1Lmh
Genetic
Background		 C57BL/6-Tg(APOC1)1Lmh
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
No mouse lines available in IMSR.
See publication links below for author information.
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
growth/size/body
enlarged heart ( J:65036 )
decreased body size ( J:65036 )
• mutants appear smaller, however weight at 2.5 months of age is similar to wild-type
enlarged liver ( J:65036 )
enlarged spleen ( J:65036 )

homeostasis/metabolism
increased circulating VLDL cholesterol level ( J:65036 )
• increases in cholesterol are mainly due to elevated VLDL levels
increased circulating VLDL triglyceride level ( J:65036 )
• increases in triglycerides are mainly due to elevated VLDL levels

adipose tissue
absent subcutaneous adipose tissue ( J:65036 )
• skin lacks subcutaneous adipose tissue
abnormal abdominal fat pad morphology ( J:65036 )
• small abdominal fat pads

cardiovascular system

hematopoietic system

immune system
folliculitis ( J:65036 )
• some mutants develop mild folliculitis
dermatitis ( J:65036 )
• at older ages, lesions develop into severe dermatitis, with a moderate epidermal hyperplasia with hyper- and parakeratosis

liver/biliary system

vision/eye
abnormal eye morphology ( J:65036 )
• develop extensive crusts around the eyes
Meibomian gland atrophy ( J:65036 )
• meibomian glands lack the typical foamy appearance

integument
absent subcutaneous adipose tissue ( J:65036 )
• skin lacks subcutaneous adipose tissue
Meibomian gland atrophy ( J:65036 )
• meibomian glands lack the typical foamy appearance
sebaceous gland atrophy ( J:65036 )
• the cytoplasm of the atrophic sebaceous glands loses its foamy appearance
• the outer surface of the eyelids shows sebaceous gland atrophy
folliculitis ( J:65036 )
• some mutants develop mild folliculitis
dermatitis ( J:65036 )
• at older ages, lesions develop into severe dermatitis, with a moderate epidermal hyperplasia with hyper- and parakeratosis
alopecia ( J:65036 )
• hair loss becomes more severe upon aging, such that older mutants appear almost hairless
hyperkeratosis ( J:65036 )
• in older mutants
parakeratosis ( J:65036 )
• in older mutants
epidermal hyperplasia ( J:65036 )
• develops in older mutants
epidermal necrosis ( J:65036 )
• epidermis of older mice is necrotic with extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells
scaly skin ( J:65036 )
• fine epidermal scaling
skin lesions ( J:65036 )
• mutants exhibit skin lesions that vary from a mild folliculitis to a mild mixed cellular infiltration in the dermis
increased pruritus ( J:65036 )
• develop pruritus

endocrine/exocrine glands
Meibomian gland atrophy ( J:65036 )
• meibomian glands lack the typical foamy appearance
sebaceous gland atrophy ( J:65036 )
• the cytoplasm of the atrophic sebaceous glands loses its foamy appearance
• the outer surface of the eyelids shows sebaceous gland atrophy




Genotype
MGI:5564916
tg4
Allelic
Composition		 Tg(APOC1)1Lmh/Tg(APOC1)1Lmh
Genetic
Background		 involves: C57BL/6
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
No mouse lines available in IMSR.
See publication links below for author information.
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
integument
epidermal spongiosis ( J:135501 )
• 90% of mice show mild-to-moderate spongiosis from 6 weeks onward
impaired skin barrier function ( J:135501 )
• 12 week old mutants exhibit a 4-fold increase in transepidermal water loss indicating that skin barrier function is disturbed; an increase is already seen at 3 weeks
• treatment with 20% petrolatum in cetomacrogolus cream for 3 weeks diminishes loss of barrier function
skin inflammation ( J:135501 )
• eosinophil, mast cell, CD4+ T cell, and macrophage infiltration into the skin by 6 weeks of age
• treatment with a corticosteroid cream for 3 weeks diminishes the number of granulocytes, macrophages and CD4+ t cells, but had no effect on mast cells
dermatitis ( J:135501 )
• mice develop signs of atopic dermatitis, comprising scaling, lichenification, papules and mild-to-severe excoriations from an age of 6 weeks
• dermatitis is evident in the upper dorsal skin and with age, the head and eyelids become affected
• treatment with 20% petrolatum in cetomacrogolus cream for 3 weeks decreases severity of dermatitis
thick epidermis ( J:135501 )
• epidermal hyperplasia
• treatment with a corticosteroid cream for 3 weeks inhibits epidermal hyperplasia but results in thinning of the epidermis
increased pruritus ( J:135501 )
• frequency of scratching and duration at 9 weeks of age is increased and increases further with age

immune system
increased mast cell degranulation ( J:135501 )
• mast cells show degranulation
increased IgE level ( J:135501 )
• serum IgE levels are increased at 12 weeks of age, but not at 8 weeks of age
• from 12 weeks of age, mast cells in the dermis become IgE-positive
skin inflammation ( J:135501 )
• eosinophil, mast cell, CD4+ T cell, and macrophage infiltration into the skin by 6 weeks of age
• treatment with a corticosteroid cream for 3 weeks diminishes the number of granulocytes, macrophages and CD4+ t cells, but had no effect on mast cells
dermatitis ( J:135501 )
• mice develop signs of atopic dermatitis, comprising scaling, lichenification, papules and mild-to-severe excoriations from an age of 6 weeks
• dermatitis is evident in the upper dorsal skin and with age, the head and eyelids become affected
• treatment with 20% petrolatum in cetomacrogolus cream for 3 weeks decreases severity of dermatitis

behavior/neurological
excessive scratching ( J:135501 )
• frequency of scratching and duration at 9 weeks of age is increased and increases further with age

hematopoietic system
increased mast cell degranulation ( J:135501 )
• mast cells show degranulation
increased IgE level ( J:135501 )
• serum IgE levels are increased at 12 weeks of age, but not at 8 weeks of age
• from 12 weeks of age, mast cells in the dermis become IgE-positive

homeostasis/metabolism
epidermal spongiosis ( J:135501 )
• 90% of mice show mild-to-moderate spongiosis from 6 weeks onward
impaired skin barrier function ( J:135501 )
• 12 week old mutants exhibit a 4-fold increase in transepidermal water loss indicating that skin barrier function is disturbed; an increase is already seen at 3 weeks
• treatment with 20% petrolatum in cetomacrogolus cream for 3 weeks diminishes loss of barrier function

cellular
increased mast cell degranulation ( J:135501 )
• mast cells show degranulation

Mouse Models of Human Disease
 DO ID OMIM ID(s) Ref(s)
atopic dermatitis DOID:3310 OMIM:603165
OMIM:PS603165
 J:135501




Genotype
MGI:3797231
tg5
Allelic
Composition		 Tg(APOC1)1Lmh/Tg(APOC1)1Lmh
Genetic
Background		 involves: C57BL/6J
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
No mouse lines available in IMSR.
See publication links below for author information.
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
homeostasis/metabolism
decreased circulating factor VIII level ( J:117317 )
• FVIII (Factor 8) levels are lower than in nontransgenic controls




Genotype
MGI:2174816
tg6
Allelic
Composition		 Tg(APOC1)1Lmh/0
Genetic
Background		 C57BL/6-Tg(APOC1)1Lmh
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
No mouse lines available in IMSR.
See publication links below for author information.
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
homeostasis/metabolism
increased circulating VLDL cholesterol level ( J:65036 )
• increases in cholesterol are mainly due to elevated VLDL levels
increased circulating VLDL triglyceride level ( J:65036 )
• increases in triglycerides are mainly due to elevated VLDL levels

integument
sparse hair ( J:65036 )
• thin hair coat




Genotype
MGI:3764681
tg7
Allelic
Composition		 Tg(APOC1)1Lmh/?
Genetic
Background		 C57BL/6-Tg(APOC1)1Lmh
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
No mouse lines available in IMSR.
See publication links below for author information.
♀ phenotype observed in females
♂ phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
homeostasis/metabolism
increased circulating cholesterol level ( J:65146 )
• serum cholesterol levels are slightly elevated in males on a normal chow diet
• serum cholesterol levels are elevated in males on a sucrose-rich diet; females show less pronounced increases
• serum cholesterol levels are increased more than in wild-type when on high fat diet (0.25% cholesterol, 15% cocoa butter)
increased circulating triglyceride level ( J:65146 )
• serum triglyceride levels are increased 3-fold in males on a normal chow diet
• serum triglyceride levels are elevated in males on a sucrose-rich diet; females show less pronounced increases




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Send questions and comments to User Support. 		last database update
09/30/2025
MGI 6.24 		The Jackson Laboratory