Phenotypes associated with this allele

• Allele Symbol: T^c
• Allele Name: curtailed
• Allele ID: MGI:1856185
• Summary: 10 genotypes

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
hm1	T^c/T^c	mixed	MGI:3619236
hm2	T^c/T^c	Not Specified	MGI:3783834
ht3	T^c/T^+	mixed	MGI:3619235
ht4	T^c/T^+	Not Specified	MGI:3783758
ht5	T^c/T	Not Specified	MGI:3783797
cx6	T^c/T^+ Tg(T)118.9Bgh/0	involves: C57BL/6 * CBA	MGI:3784872
cx7	T^c/T^+ Tg(T)118.9Bgh/Tg(T)118.9Bgh	involves: C57BL/6 * CBA	MGI:3784943
cx8	T^c/t^h51 Tg(T)118.9Bgh/0	involves: C57BL/6 * CBA	MGI:3784944
cx9	T^c/T^c t^w5/t^w5	mixed	MGI:3619237
cx10	T^c/t^h7	Not Specified	MGI:3783791

Genotype
MGI:3619236

hm1

• Allelic Composition: T^c/T^c
• Genetic Background: mixed

• ♀: phenotype observed in females
• ♂: phenotype observed in males
• N: normal phenotype

mortality/aging

embryonic lethality during organogenesis, complete penetrance ( J:106412 )

• embryos die around E10-11 due to failure of establishment of placental connections

embryo

caudal body truncation ( J:106412 )

• posterior portion of the body is severely reduced

abnormal limb bud morphology ( J:106412 )

abnormal neural tube morphology ( J:106412 )

• neural tube bulges anteriorly and is uneven in width with larger than normal spaces between cells

absent somites ( J:106412 )

• embryos lack externally visible somites

absent tail bud ( J:106412 )

• tail bud is absent

nervous system

abnormal neural tube morphology ( J:106412 )

• neural tube bulges anteriorly and is uneven in width with larger than normal spaces between cells

limbs/digits/tail

abnormal limb bud morphology ( J:106412 )

absent tail bud ( J:106412 )

• tail bud is absent

Genotype
MGI:3783834

hm2

• Allelic Composition: T^c/T^c
• Genetic Background: Not Specified

mortality/aging

embryonic lethality during organogenesis, incomplete penetrance ( J:5003 )

• between embryonic day 9 and 11, 31% of embryos from intercrosses of heterozygotes are dead or malformed and the abnormalities are more extreme than in T homozygotes

embryo

abnormal embryo development ( J:5003 )

• posterior body reduction

• loss of fore-limb buds

• distended pericardium

• abnormal spinal cord

caudal body truncation ( J:5003 )

• at embryonic day 10 to 11 the posterior part of the body, including hind-limb buds and tail have failed to develop

abnormal limb bud morphology ( J:5003 )

absent forelimb buds ( J:5003 )

• fore-limb buds do not develop

absent hindlimb buds ( J:5003 )

• at embryonic day 10 to 11 the hind-limb buds have failed to develop

abnormal neural fold formation ( J:5003 )

• at embryonic day 10 to 11 the nerual folds remain open in the trunk region and there are kinks in the spinal cord on each side of the open neural folds

abnormal neural tube morphology ( J:5003 )

kinked neural tube ( J:5003 )

absent somites ( J:5003 )

• at embryonic day 10 to 11 externally visible somites are absent

absent tail bud ( J:5003 )

• at embryonic day 10 to 11

abnormal allantois morphology ( J:5003 )

• at embryonic day 10 to 11 the normal allantoic outgrowth is lacking

nervous system

abnormal neural tube morphology ( J:5003 )

kinked neural tube ( J:5003 )

cardiovascular system

distended pericardium ( J:5003 )

• at embryonic day 10 to 11 the pericardium is distended

limbs/digits/tail

abnormal limb bud morphology ( J:5003 )

absent forelimb buds ( J:5003 )

• fore-limb buds do not develop

absent hindlimb buds ( J:5003 )

• at embryonic day 10 to 11 the hind-limb buds have failed to develop

absent tail bud ( J:5003 )

• at embryonic day 10 to 11

Genotype
MGI:3619235

ht3

• Allelic Composition: T^c/T⁺
• Genetic Background: mixed

limbs/digits/tail

abnormal tail bud morphology ( J:106412 )

• by E 12, mutants show constriction at the base of the tail

• later in development, the abnormalities observed are less severe and occur more posteriorly than in T^c/t^w5 embryos

nervous system

abnormal neural tube morphology ( J:106412 )

• at E12.5, one accessory neural tube is observed

spina bifida occulta ( J:106412 )

• unlike T/t<25> mutants, the dermis over the bony defect of the spinal cord does not become attenuated and rupture

abnormal spinal cord morphology ( J:106412 )

• embryos display ventral duplication of the spinal cord

embryo

abnormal neural tube morphology ( J:106412 )

• at E12.5, one accessory neural tube is observed

spina bifida occulta ( J:106412 )

• unlike T/t<25> mutants, the dermis over the bony defect of the spinal cord does not become attenuated and rupture

split notochord ( J:106412 )

• some embryos show duplication or intermittent absence of the notochord

abnormal tail bud morphology ( J:106412 )

• by E 12, mutants show constriction at the base of the tail

• later in development, the abnormalities observed are less severe and occur more posteriorly than in T^c/t^w5 embryos

skeleton

spina bifida occulta ( J:106412 )

• unlike T/t<25> mutants, the dermis over the bony defect of the spinal cord does not become attenuated and rupture

absent vertebrae ( J:106412 )

• embryos display partial or complete absence of bony vertebrae posterior to midliver level

Genotype
MGI:3783758

ht4

• Allelic Composition: T^c/T⁺
• Genetic Background: Not Specified

mortality/aging

neonatal lethality, incomplete penetrance ( J:5003 )

• ratio of mutant to wild-type is less than 1 to 1 at birth

postnatal lethality ( J:5003 )

• 32% of curtailed mice die between birth and weaning

limbs/digits/tail

abnormal tail morphology ( J:5003 , J:64262 )

• while approximately 5% of heterozygotes have a short tail not more than 20% normal length, most have no normal tail but a short boneless caudal filament (J:5003)

• tail is reduced to a very short curly filament without skeleton and in some instances the tail is altogether absent (J:64262)

short tail ( J:5003 , J:64262 )

absent tail ( J:5003 , J:64262 )

skeleton

rib fusion ( J:5003 )

• often extensive in the thoracic region

short ribs ( J:5003 )

abnormal nucleus pulposus morphology ( J:5003 )

• aside from slight traces in the lower thoracic and lumbar regions, the intervertebral nuclei pulposi are absent at 3 weeks of age

abnormal cervical vertebrae morphology ( J:5003 )

abnormal cervical atlas morphology ( J:5003 )

• the neural arch is partially double in some heterozygotes

abnormal odontoid process morphology ( J:5003 )

• the axis odontoid process is absent resulting in a horseshoe-shaped articulation between the atlas and axis

decreased presacral vertebrae number ( J:5003 )

abnormal vertebral arch development ( J:5003 )

vertebral fusion ( J:5003 )

thoracic vertebral fusion ( J:5003 )

cervical vertebral fusion ( J:5003 )

• between the second and third vertebrae

fusion of vertebral arches ( J:5003 )

abnormal bone ossification ( J:5003 )

• the centra of cervical vertebrae are wider than normal, the axis tends to ossify from twin centers, and distortion and fusion is found in some throacic centra

Genotype
MGI:3783797

ht5

• Allelic Composition: T^c/T
• Genetic Background: Not Specified

mortality/aging

embryonic lethality during organogenesis, complete penetrance ( J:5003 )

• these compound heterozygotes display the same embryonic abnormalities at embryonic day 9 to 10 as T/T homozygotes

Genotype
MGI:3784872

cx6

• Allelic Composition: T^c/T⁺; Tg(T)118.9Bgh/0
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6 * CBA

limbs/digits/tail

short tail ( J:3956 )

• most transgene carriers have a short tail, a partial rescue of the curtailed phenotype, and the tail length varies from one-eighth to three-fourths normal tail length

Genotype
MGI:3784943

cx7

• Allelic Composition: T^c/T⁺; Tg(T)118.9Bgh/Tg(T)118.9Bgh
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6 * CBA

limbs/digits/tail

abnormal tail morphology ( J:3956 )

• most curtailed heterozygotes homozygous for this transgene have normal length tails with blunted ends, but a minority have short tails

Genotype
MGI:3784944

cx8

• Allelic Composition: T^c/t^h51; Tg(T)118.9Bgh/0
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6 * CBA

limbs/digits/tail

abnormal tail morphology ( J:3956 )

• six of seven found to have short tails with the seventh having no tail; this is a partial rescue of the compound heterozygous phenotype in the absence of the transgene wherein sevin out of sevin have a tailless phenotype

Genotype
MGI:3619237

cx9

• Allelic Composition: T^c/T^c; t^w5/t^w5
• Genetic Background: mixed

mortality/aging

postnatal lethality ( J:106412 )

• all embryos survive past birth, but most die within two weeks

embryo

meningocele ( J:106412 )

• embryos have lumbosacral spina bifida with meningocele

abnormal roof plate morphology ( J:106412 )

• roof plate is attenuated and necrotic starting at E13.5; at E17.5 it is ruptured so that the central canal is continuous with the CSF space; blood vessels adjacent to the neural tube rupture resulting in hemorrhage into the CSF space

abnormal notochord morphology ( J:106412 )

• notochord is flattened out against the neural tube as it approaches the hind limb level

split notochord ( J:106412 )

• ome embryos show duplication or intermittent absence of the notochord

nervous system

meningocele ( J:106412 )

• embryos have lumbosacral spina bifida with meningocele

abnormal roof plate morphology ( J:106412 )

• roof plate is attenuated and necrotic starting at E13.5; at E17.5 it is ruptured so that the central canal is continuous with the CSF space; blood vessels adjacent to the neural tube rupture resulting in hemorrhage into the CSF space

abnormal spinal cord morphology ( J:106412 )

• from E13.5, an externally visible dorsal blister which is cystic and fluid-containing is present in the lumbosacral area of the embryo

• as development continues and accessory neural tube disappear including the posterior one which merges with the spinal cord, the spinal cord is disfigured and the original spinal canal is shifted dorsally

• at the posterior end, the spinal cord spreads out and is intermingled with connective tissue, muscle fibers and immature neural tissue

behavior/neurological

hindlimb paralysis ( J:106412 )

• at birth, almost all pups display various degrees of hindlimb paralysis

skeleton

abnormal vertebral body morphology ( J:106412 )

• at E13. precartilaginous vertebral bodies just anterior to the level where accessory cords start forming have a midline furrow such that posteriorly the vertebral body is divided bilaterally

• in later embryos, bilateral ossification centers are observed anterior to the level where the vertebral body defects appear; posteriorly there is no trace of vertebral body formation

abnormal vertebral body development ( J:106412 )

• at the level of accessory cord formation, neural arch development is disturbed, causing midline defects

renal/urinary system

distended urinary bladder ( J:106412 )

• pups frequently show distended bladders at birth

digestive/alimentary system

abnormal colon morphology ( J:106412 )

• at autopsy, all mice are found to have a ruptured or very distended colon

Genotype
MGI:3783791

cx10

• Allelic Composition: T^c/t^h7
• Genetic Background: Not Specified

mortality/aging

postnatal lethality ( J:5003 )

• over 80% die by 14 days of age

behavior/neurological

hindlimb paralysis ( J:5003 )

nervous system

spina bifida occulta ( J:5003 )

• approximately 30% have dorsal red scars or blood-blisters at birth and some of these hace paralysed hind-limbs

skeleton

spina bifida occulta ( J:5003 )

• approximately 30% have dorsal red scars or blood-blisters at birth and some of these hace paralysed hind-limbs

embryo

spina bifida occulta ( J:5003 )

• approximately 30% have dorsal red scars or blood-blisters at birth and some of these hace paralysed hind-limbs