Analysis Tools
reproductive system
 |
• variable degeneration of most pachytene primary spermatocytes, ranging from early nuclear changes to advanced stages of cellular breakdown
|
|
|
• absence of post-meiotic spermatids and spermatozoa
|
|
|
• complete absence of spermatozoa
(J:39632)
• however, serum testosterone levels were normal
(J:39632)
• mice lack postmeiotic spermatids
(J:175539)
|
|
• some spermatocytes fail to establish or maintain synapsis of homologous autosomes
|
|
|
• increased spermatocyte apoptosis, as shown by TUNEL staining
|
 |
• impaired mammary gland epithelial expansion during pregnancy
|
|
|
• vacuolization of Sertoli cell cytoplasm
|
|
|
• slight reduction in size; however, number of tubules per testis was normal
|
small testis
(
J:39632
)
|
|
• ~75% reduction in testis size, irrespective of age
|
|
|
• ~75% reduction in testis weight, irrespective of age
|
|
|
• germ cells enter meiotic prophase and arrest at pachytene
(J:39632)
• before the mid-pachytene transition
(J:175539)
|
|
|
(J:39632)
(J:175539)
|
growth/size/body
|
• size discrepancy became less pronounced with age
• mice eventually attained a nearly normal body size (approximately 90% for females and 70% for males)
|
|
• mice were indistinguishable from littermates at birth but lagged in growth during the first few weeks of life
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
|
|
• >60% reduction in proliferation of ductal cells and incomplete formation of alveolar structures at 2 days after pup delivery relative to lactating wild-type controls
|
|
|
• impaired mammary gland epithelial expansion during pregnancy
|
|
|
• abundant fat cells in mammary gland epithelium at 2 days after pup delivery versus rare fat cells in lactating wild-type controls
|
|
|
• vacuolization of Sertoli cell cytoplasm
|
|
|
• slight reduction in size; however, number of tubules per testis was normal
|
small testis
(
J:39632
)
|
|
• ~75% reduction in testis size, irrespective of age
|
|
|
• ~75% reduction in testis weight, irrespective of age
|
behavior/neurological
|
• hunched posture of pups became less pronounced as mice matured (4 months of age)
|
|
|
• females were unable to nurse newborn offspring
|
integument
|
|
• >60% reduction in proliferation of ductal cells and incomplete formation of alveolar structures at 2 days after pup delivery relative to lactating wild-type controls
|
|
|
• impaired mammary gland epithelial expansion during pregnancy
|
|
|
• abundant fat cells in mammary gland epithelium at 2 days after pup delivery versus rare fat cells in lactating wild-type controls
|
wrinkled skin
(
J:39632
)
|
• wrinkled appearance of pups became less pronounced as mice matured (4 months of age)
|
cellular
|
|
• variable degeneration of most pachytene primary spermatocytes, ranging from early nuclear changes to advanced stages of cellular breakdown
|
|
|
• absence of post-meiotic spermatids and spermatozoa
|
|
|
• complete absence of spermatozoa
(J:39632)
• however, serum testosterone levels were normal
(J:39632)
• mice lack postmeiotic spermatids
(J:175539)
|
|
|
• germ cells enter meiotic prophase and arrest at pachytene
(J:39632)
• before the mid-pachytene transition
(J:175539)
|
|
• some spermatocytes fail to establish or maintain synapsis of homologous autosomes
|
|
|
• increased spermatocyte apoptosis, as shown by TUNEL staining
|
