Phenotypes associated with this allele

• Allele Symbol: Ppa1^em1Cya
• Allele Name: endonuclease-mediated mutation 1, Cyagen Biosciences
• Allele ID: MGI:8275795
• Summary: 2 genotypes

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
hm1	Ppa1^em1Cya/Ppa1^em1Cya	involves: C57BL/6JCya	MGI:8276481
ht2	Ppa1^em1Cya/Ppa1^+	involves: C57BL/6JCya	MGI:8276482

Genotype
MGI:8276481

hm1

• Allelic Composition: Ppa1^em1Cya/Ppa1^em1Cya
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6JCya

• ♀: phenotype observed in females
• ♂: phenotype observed in males
• N: normal phenotype

mortality/aging

lethality, complete penetrance ( J:361168 )

• no homozygotes are found in offspring of heterozygote crosses

Genotype
MGI:8276482

ht2

• Allelic Composition: Ppa1^em1Cya/Ppa1⁺
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6JCya

growth/size/body

increased body fat mass ( J:361168 )

♂ • in males on a high fat diet

decreased lean body mass ( J:361168 )

♂ • in males on a high fat diet

increased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity ( J:361168 )

♂ • show increased weight gain on a high fat diet

♂ • however, no difference in food intake is detected on a high fat diet

increased liver weight ( J:361168 )

♂ • in males on a high fat diet

adipose tissue

decreased total body fat amount ( J:361168 )

♂ • decrease in fat weight in males on a high fat diet despite increase in lipid accumulation

abnormal adipose tissue distribution ( J:361168 )

♂ • in males on a high fat diet despite an increase in fat mass adipose tissue, including subcutaneous, visceral, and epididymal adipose tissue are decreased with more lipids accumulating in nonadipose tissue

increased body fat mass ( J:361168 )

♂ • in males on a high fat diet

abnormal fat cell mitochondrial morphology ( J:361168 )

♂ • mitochondria in inguinal WAT (iWAT) are decreased in number and size

decreased fat cell mitochondrial DNA content ( J:361168 )

♂ • in iWAT

decreased epididymal fat pad weight ( J:361168 )

♂ • in males on a high fat diet

abnormal white adipose tissue morphology ( J:361168 )

♂ • reduction in the abundance of oxidative phosphorylation complexes

decreased subcutaneous adipose tissue amount ( J:361168 )

♂ • in males on a high fat diet

abnormal white fat cell size ( J:361168 )

♂ • adipocytes show increased variability in size with an increased frequency of large hypertrophic adipocytes and very small adipocytes

decreased white fat cell size ( J:361168 )

♂ • average adipocyte size is decreased in iWAT and epididymal WAT

homeostasis/metabolism

increased circulating glucose level ( J:361168 )

♂ • in aging mice on a normal chow diet

♂ • on a high fat diet show increased blood glucose levels compared to diet matched controls

increased circulating insulin level ( J:361168 )

♂ • in aging mice

decreased energy expenditure ( J:361168 )

♂ • decrease in VO2, VCO2, and respiratory exchange ratio in mice on a high fat diet

increased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity ( J:361168 )

♂ • show increased weight gain on a high fat diet

♂ • however, no difference in food intake is detected on a high fat diet

decreased carbon dioxide production ( J:361168 )

♂ • in mice on a high fat diet

decreased oxygen consumption ( J:361168 )

♂ • in mice on a high fat diet

decreased respiratory quotient ( J:361168 )

♂ • in mice on a high fat diet

impaired glucose tolerance ( J:361168 )

♂ • in mice on a high fat diet

insulin resistance ( J:361168 )

• decreased glucose infusion rate in a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp assay indicates impaired insulin sensitivity in male mice on a normal chow diet

• insulin resistances develops with age in male mice on a normal chow diet

• severe insulin resistance in male mice on a high fat diet

• females also show decreased insulin sensitivity

decreased circulating adiponectin level ( J:361168 )

♂

increased fatty acids level ( J:361168 )

♂ • in the liver and skeletal muscles of males on a high fat diet

increased circulating free fatty acids level ( J:361168 )

♂ • on a high fat diet

increased liver free fatty acids level ( J:361168 )

♂ • on a high fat diet

increased muscle free fatty acids level ( J:361168 )

♂ • on a high fat diet

increased triglyceride level ( J:361168 )

♂ • in the liver, skeletal muscle, and serum of males on a high fat diet

increased circulating triglyceride level ( J:361168 )

♂ • on a high fat diet

increased liver triglyceride level ( J:361168 )

♂ • on a high fat diet

increased skeletal muscle triglyceride level ( J:361168 )

♂ • on a high fat diet

muscle

increased muscle free fatty acids level ( J:361168 )

♂ • on a high fat diet

increased skeletal muscle triglyceride level ( J:361168 )

♂ • on a high fat diet

liver/biliary system

increased liver weight ( J:361168 )

♂ • in males on a high fat diet

increased liver free fatty acids level ( J:361168 )

♂ • on a high fat diet

increased liver triglyceride level ( J:361168 )

♂ • on a high fat diet

increased susceptibility to diet-induced hepatic steatosis ( J:361168 )

♂ • more severe lipid accumulation in males on a high fat diet

integument

decreased subcutaneous adipose tissue amount ( J:361168 )

♂ • in males on a high fat diet

cellular

abnormal fat cell mitochondrial morphology ( J:361168 )

♂ • mitochondria in inguinal WAT (iWAT) are decreased in number and size

decreased fat cell mitochondrial DNA content ( J:361168 )

♂ • in iWAT

decreased mitochondrial number ( J:361168 )

♂ • in iWAT

decreased mitochondrial size ( J:361168 )

♂ • in iWAT