Analysis Tools
reproductive system
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• number of mature spermatozoa per testis is significantly lower than in wild-type males
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• number of corpora lutea per ovary is significantly lower than in wild-type females
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• number of preovulatory antral follicles per ovary is significantly lower than in wild-type females
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• number of antral follicles per ovary is significantly lower than in wild-type females
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small gonad
(
J:324870
)
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• both sexes are hypogonadal
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• at 10-12 weeks of age, ovarian mass is significantly lower than in wild-type females
• however, uterine mass is not significantly altered
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• at 10-12 weeks of age, testicular mass is significantly lower than in wild-type males
• however, seminal vesicle mass is not significantly altered
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• females exhibit fewer estrous cycles per week due to an extended amount of time spent in estrus
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• a minority of female mice are severely subfertile or infertile
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• female mice are subfertile, likely due to impaired follicle development secondary to FSH deficiency
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• when paired with wild-type males over a 6-month breeding trial, females produce significantly smaller litters than wild-type females
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• number of corpora lutea per ovary is significantly lower than in wild-type females
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• number of preovulatory antral follicles per ovary is significantly lower than in wild-type females
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• number of antral follicles per ovary is significantly lower than in wild-type females
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• at 10-12 weeks of age, ovarian mass is significantly lower than in wild-type females
• however, uterine mass is not significantly altered
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• at 10-12 weeks of age, testicular mass is significantly lower than in wild-type males
• however, seminal vesicle mass is not significantly altered
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• ex vivo, individual gonadotropes of adult male mice show alterations in GnRH-induced calcium response patterns with more uniform responses, extended oscillatory or biphasic patterns that are not observed in wild-type cells, and lower amplitude but longer duration intracellular calcium elevations
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• in response to exogenous GnRH treatment, females show significantly lower intrapituitary FSH levels than similarly treated wild-type controls
• in contrast, GnRH-treated males show intrapituitary FSH levels similar to those in wild-type controls
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• at 10-12 weeks of age, serum FSH levels are reduced in sham-operated females and trend lower in ovariectomized females relative to wild-type controls
• in males, serum FSH levels are significantly decreased in both sham-operated and castrated males relative to wild-type controls; FSH levels do not increase post-castration, unlike in wild-type controls
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• in response to exogenous GnRH treatment, females show significantly lower intrapituitary LH levels than similarly treated wild-type controls
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• at 10-12 weeks of age, serum LH levels are normal in sham-operated females but trend lower in ovariectomized females relative to wild-type controls
• in males, serum LH levels are normal in sham-operated males but significantly reduced in castrated males relative to wild-type controls; the post-castration increase in LH levels is blunted
• in females, the natural preovulatory LH surge is blunted but not blocked, as determined by vaginal smearing; maximal blood LH levels measured on the afternoon of proestrus are significantly lower than in wild-type controls
• in response to exogenous GnRH treatment, both female and male mice show significantly lower whole blood LH levels than similarly treated wild-type controls
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• in response to exogenous GnRH treatment, males show slightly higher intrapituitary LH levels than similarly treated wild-type controls
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cellular
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• number of mature spermatozoa per testis is significantly lower than in wild-type males
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nervous system
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• ex vivo, individual gonadotropes of adult male mice show alterations in GnRH-induced calcium response patterns with more uniform responses, extended oscillatory or biphasic patterns that are not observed in wild-type cells, and lower amplitude but longer duration intracellular calcium elevations
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