Analysis Tools
cellular
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• following retroviral cre infection, addition of SV40 large T antigen with or without STAT3-C fails to allow MEFs to develop anchorage independent growth
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Allele Symbol Allele Name Allele ID |
Gadd45gip1tm2Kong targeted mutation 2, Young-Yun Kong MGI:4420970 |
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| Summary |
3 genotypes
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• following retroviral cre infection, addition of SV40 large T antigen with or without STAT3-C fails to allow MEFs to develop anchorage independent growth
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• islet area is normal at 4 weeks of age but is decreased by 45% at 11 weeks of age
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• beta cells exhibit an increased number of mitochondria
• endoplasmic reticulum in beta cells is distended around swollen mitochondria
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• progressive loss of beta cell mass associated with autophagy
• treatment with the glucagon-like peptide 1 agonist, exenatide, does not increase beta cell proliferation or mass in mutants as in wild-type mice
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• mice show extensive loss of insulin-positive beta cells at 11 weeks of age
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• pancreatic insulin content is reduced in mice by 20% at 4 weeks and by 68% at 11 weeks of age
• beta cells exhibit an increase in autophagosomes, indicating increased autophagy
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• mice show a decrease in cell proliferation of beta cells at 4 and 11 weeks of age
• however, level of apoptosis in islets is similar to wild-type levels
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• insulin secretion from islets upon either glucose or KCl stimulation in reduced in 4 and 11 week old mutants
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• mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) mitochondria exhibit structural abnormalities characterized by intra-cristal swelling and reduced electron density in the mitochondrial matrix
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• MEF mitochondria exhibit intra-cristal swelling
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• electron density of mitochondrial matrix is reduced in MEFs
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• beta cells exhibit an increased number of mitochondria
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• mice show a decrease in cell proliferation of beta cells at 4 and 11 weeks of age
• however, level of apoptosis in islets is similar to wild-type levels
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• response of islets to carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazine, a mitochondrial respiration uncoupler, is delayed and the maximum capacity is decreased
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• insulin secretion from islets upon either glucose or KCl stimulation in reduced in 4 and 11 week old mutants
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• glucose stimulation increases oxygen consumption rate by only 1.3-fold in mutant islets compared to 2.1-fold in wild-type islets
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• in a glucose tolerance test, mice develop glucose intolerance at 4 weeks of age, characterized by a decrease in insulin secretion in response to glucose stimulation
• however, insulin sensitivity remains normal at 11 weeks of age
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Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
| type 2 diabetes mellitus | DOID:9352 |
OMIM:125853 OMIM:601283 OMIM:601407 OMIM:603694 OMIM:608036 |
J:220742 | |
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
Abnormal small intestine morphogenesis in Gadd45gip1tm2Kong/Gadd45gip1tm2Kong Tg(Vil1-cre)997Gum/0 embryos
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• fewer than expected (6 of 52) are found at P1
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• fewer than expected (2 of 157) are found at P21
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• fewer than expected (16 of 83) are found at E18.5
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| N |
• no defect in goblet cell differentiation is detected
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• slight but significant decrease in the proliferation of small intestinal crypt cells
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• at E18.5, expression analysis indicates that enterocyte differentiation is defective with the cells retaining epithelial characteristics
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• at E18.5 small intestine absorptive enterocytes show abnormal tufting of the apical brush border
• at E18 small intestine absorptive enterocytes are irregular in shape and size, have heterogeneously stained cytoplasm and disorganized nuclei
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• at E18.5 villi are shorter, fewer in number, and abnormally shaped
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• at E18.5 enterocytes contain fewer, shorter microvilli at the apical membranes
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• at E18.5
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• at E18.5
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• slight but significant decrease in the proliferation of small intestinal crypt cells
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Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO) |
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last database update 05/07/2024 MGI 6.23 |
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