Analysis Tools
adipose tissue
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• the weight of these fat pads is significantly reduced in these mice on both a chow and a high fat diet
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• mice have 45% lower body fat compared to controls at 10 months of age on a normal chow diet
• mice fed a high fat diet have 54% lower body fat than controls
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• brown adipose tissue (BAT) appears to be pale and slightly enlarged compared with wild-type BAT at 3 months of age
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• white adipocytes from the gonadal region mice have small and multiple lipid droplets compared to the unilocular lipid droplet of wild-type mice
• these adipocytes have defined minuscule lipid droplets distinguishable from each other, and occupy the cytosol like in brown adipocytes
• the sizes of lipid droplets in adipocytes from brown adipose tissue are significantly larger than that of wild-type mice
• the volume of mitochondria that are present in white adipocytes is dramatically increased and are full of straight or slightly wavy cristae that transverse the width of the mitochondria
• mitochondria from these white adipocytes have 2-fold higher mitochondrial oxidation
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• white fat pad sizes are significantly smaller compared to littermate controls
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• gonadal fat pads are about two-thirds smaller
• total lipid content of white adipose tissue from these fat pads is reduced 6 fold compared to wild-type at 3 months of age
• these fat pads have a dark red color and abundant blood vessel circulation
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• the weight of these fat pads is significantly reduced in these mice on both a chow and a high fat diet
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• the weight of these fat pads is significantly reduced in these mice on both a chow and a high fat diet
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• the weight of these fat pads is significantly reduced in these mice on a chow diet
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behavior/neurological
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• food intake is 10% higher for these mice
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• cold exposure over 30 minutes leads to greater drop in body temperature than in wild-type controls
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• mice had significantly lower levels of serum leptin under either a normal chow diet (2.720 pg/ml vs 1.419 pg/ml) or a high fat diet (13.157 pg/ml vs 4.52 ng/ml)
• fasting levels of leptin are also reduced
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• lower circulating levels of plasma ketone body are found whether mice are fed a chow or a high fat diet, or under fasting conditions
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• levels of plasma non-esterified fatty acids are significantly lower for these mice under both normal- and high fat-diets, or under fasting conditions
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• fasting plasma levels of triglycerides from mice fed a high fat diet are significantly lower than controls
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• female mice have slightly higher body temperature when not fasting, or fasting after being fed a high fat diet
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• oxygen consumption is 20% higher in these mice compared to controls
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• mice have lower blood glucose levels than controls for 100 minutes after administration of glucose
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• mice have lower blood glucose levels for an hour after administration of insulin compared to controls
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• the lipolysis rate in white adipose tissue is about double that of controls
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integument
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• despite a lean phenotype, mice do not exhibit dry hair or hair loss at 10 months of age or later
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• the weight of these fat pads is significantly reduced in these mice on both a chow and a high fat diet
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vision/eye
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• despite a lean phenotype, mice do not exhibit dry eyes at 10 months of age or later
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