Phenotypes associated with this allele
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Gnai2tm1Lbi mutation
(1 available);
any
Gnai2 mutation
(54 available)
Tg(WTbeta2)4Wjk mutation
(1 available)
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mortality/aging
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• all pups die between 1 and 4 days after birth
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• less then half of the expected Mendelian distribution for pups of this genotype are present at birth
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growth/size/body
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• pups are smaller than littermate controls at birth
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behavior/neurological
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• pups are weaker than littermate controls at birth
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cardiovascular system
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• dilated hearts are found at necropsy of mice that die shortly after birth
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Gnai2tm1Lbi mutation
(1 available);
any
Gnai2 mutation
(54 available)
Tg(WTbeta2)4Wjk mutation
(1 available)
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mortality/aging
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• mean survival time is 223 days compared to over 600 for control mice and most mice die by 1 year of age
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behavior/neurological
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• fatigue occurs in mice with age
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cardiovascular system
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• the heart to body weight ratio is about twice that of control mice at 7 months of age
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• heart appears dilated at necropsy
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homeostasis/metabolism
liver/biliary system
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• liver congestion is often found at necropsy
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respiratory system
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• often found at necropsy
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• occurs in mice with age
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growth/size/body
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• the heart to body weight ratio is about twice that of control mice at 7 months of age
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Tg(Myh6*)140Lnwd mutation
(0 available)
Tg(WTbeta2)4Wjk mutation
(1 available)
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mortality/aging
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• mice have increased mortality with only 50% survival at 8 months and less than 10% survival at 12 months
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cardiovascular system
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• the heart weight to body weight ratio is 67% greater compared to controls
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• fibrosis and cellular disarray are severe in hearts of 8 month old mice
• hearts show dilated ventricular and atrial chambers with thin, fibrotic ventricular walls
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• mice have increased fractional shortening at 4 months of age but not 8 months of age
• by 8 months of age, fractional shortening has become significantly impaired to two-thirds of control
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• some mice show the signs of congestive heart failure including pulmonary and hepatic enlargement, atrial and ventricular dilation, intraperitoneal edema, and massively enlarged hearts
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muscle
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• mice have increased fractional shortening at 4 months of age but not 8 months of age
• by 8 months of age, fractional shortening has become significantly impaired to two-thirds of control
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growth/size/body
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• the heart weight to body weight ratio is 67% greater compared to controls
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• fibrosis and cellular disarray are severe in hearts of 8 month old mice
• hearts show dilated ventricular and atrial chambers with thin, fibrotic ventricular walls
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Csrp3tm1Crni mutation
(0 available);
any
Csrp3 mutation
(15 available)
Tg(WTbeta2)4Wjk mutation
(1 available)
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cardiovascular system
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• the overexpression of ADRB2 did not influence the dilated cardiomyopathy observed in Csrp3tm1Crni homozygotes
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muscle
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• the overexpression of ADRB2 did not influence the dilated cardiomyopathy observed in Csrp3tm1Crni homozygotes
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Tg(WTbeta2)4Wjk mutation
(1 available)
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mortality/aging
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• mean survival time is 307 days compared to over 600 for control mice and most mice die by 1 year of age
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behavior/neurological
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• fatigue occurs in mice when approaching 1 year of age
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respiratory system
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• occurs in mice when approaching 1 year of age
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homeostasis/metabolism
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Tg(WTbeta2)4Wjk mutation
(1 available)
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mortality/aging
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• mice show increased mortality by one year compared to controls
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cardiovascular system
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• hearts of 8 month old mice show area of significant fibrosis
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• mice have increased fractional shortening at 4 months of age but not 8 months of age
• by 12 months of age, fractional shortening has become significantly impaired
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homeostasis/metabolism
muscle
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• mice have increased fractional shortening at 4 months of age but not 8 months of age
• by 12 months of age, fractional shortening has become significantly impaired
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| Find Mice |
Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Tg(WTbeta2)4Wjk mutation
(1 available)
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mortality/aging
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• loss of mice starts at 8.5 months with a cumulative mortality of 62% by 12 months and 81% by 15 months
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growth/size/body
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• left ventricle mass is increased indicating left ventricle hypertrophy
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• body weight is normal at 4-9 months of age, however mice that die or are sacrificed at 15 months of age have a lower body weight, with wild-type mice showing a 30% increase in body weight compared to mutants
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cardiovascular system
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• lungs are congested with thickening of alveolar walls and increase in cellular components
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• myocytes frequently exhibit polymorphism of nuclei
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• hearts show dropout of myocytes and hypertrophy of remaining myocytes
• cross-sectional area of myocytes is 3x greater
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• death of cardiac myocytes in areas of fibrosis
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• 8-fold increase in collagen content in left ventricles
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• left ventricle mass is increased indicating left ventricle hypertrophy
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• starting at 9 months of age, mice develop progressive left ventricle dilatation
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• hearts show widespread interstitial fibrosis
• interstitial fibrosis is most severe in left ventricular free wall, the apex, the atrio-ventricular junction and perivascular regions
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• reduction in fractional shortening after 9 months of age
• wall thickening index of both anterior and posterior walls is lower at 12-15 months, suggesting weakened muscle contraction
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• the isometric tension of isolated left atria is three times that of controls while the isometric tension of the right atria is about 75% higher than in wild-type controls
• these parameters at baseline are equal to those observed in control mice maximally stimulated with isoproterenol
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• the baseline left ventricle dP/dT-max is 70% higher than in controls
• administration of isoproterenol fails to increase the dP/dTmax as it does in wild-type controls
• this parameter at baseline is equal to those observed in control mice maximally stimulated with isoproterenol
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• left ventricle relaxation is enhanced compared to controls with a mean drop in pressure of 5328 mm Hg versus 3313 mm Hg
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• echocardiography shows increases in internal and external left ventricle dimensions of diastole, indicating left ventricle dilatation
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• the mean heart rate is about 425 bpm compared to 340 bpm in control mice
(J:17862)
• there is about a 50% increase in the heart rate of isolated right atria
(J:17862)
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• ectopic beats mainly occur as singles but occasionally as salvos
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• mice exhibit altered configuration of standard lead II ECG waves and development of ectopic beats
• majority of mice exhibit a large Q wave
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• majority of mice exhibit suppressed S-T segment
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• 17 of 21 mice die of heart failure
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homeostasis/metabolism
muscle
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• myocytes frequently exhibit polymorphism of nuclei
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• hearts show dropout of myocytes and hypertrophy of remaining myocytes
• cross-sectional area of myocytes is 3x greater
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• death of cardiac myocytes in areas of fibrosis
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• left ventricle mass is increased indicating left ventricle hypertrophy
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• reduction in fractional shortening after 9 months of age
• wall thickening index of both anterior and posterior walls is lower at 12-15 months, suggesting weakened muscle contraction
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• the isometric tension of isolated left atria is three times that of controls while the isometric tension of the right atria is about 75% higher than in wild-type controls
• these parameters at baseline are equal to those observed in control mice maximally stimulated with isoproterenol
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• the baseline left ventricle dP/dT-max is 70% higher than in controls
• administration of isoproterenol fails to increase the dP/dTmax as it does in wild-type controls
• this parameter at baseline is equal to those observed in control mice maximally stimulated with isoproterenol
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• left ventricle relaxation is enhanced compared to controls with a mean drop in pressure of 5328 mm Hg versus 3313 mm Hg
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respiratory system
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• lungs are congested with thickening of alveolar walls and increase in cellular components
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• higher incidence of pleural effusion
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cellular
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• hearts show widespread interstitial fibrosis
• interstitial fibrosis is most severe in left ventricular free wall, the apex, the atrio-ventricular junction and perivascular regions
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Analysis Tools