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Glul Gene Detail
Summary
  • Symbol
    Glul
  • Name
    glutamate-ammonia ligase
  • Synonyms
    Glns, GS
  • Feature Type
    protein coding gene
  • IDs
    MGI:95739
    NCBI Gene: 14645
  • Alliance
    genome feature page
  • Transcription Start Sites
    10 TSS
Location &
Maps
more
  • Sequence Map
    Chr1:153775692-153785469 bp, + strand
    From NCBI annotation of GRCm39
  • View this region in JBrowse
  • Genome Browsers
    Ensembl | UCSC | NCBI
  • Genetic Map
    Chromosome 1, 65.43 cM, cytoband G2
  • Mapping Data
    1 experiment
Strain
Comparison
more
  • SNPs within 2kb
    304 from dbSNP Build 142
  • Strain Annotations
    14
For selected strains:
Strain Gene Model ID Feature Type Coordinates Select Strains
C57BL/6J MGI_C57BL6J_95739
 protein coding gene Chr1:153775690-153785469 (+)
129S1/SvImJ ENSMUSG00200002009
 protein coding gene Chr1:151217763-151227545 (+)
A/J ENSMUSG00195013731
 protein coding gene Chr1:150595402-150605181 (+)
AKR/J ENSMUSG00220005579
 protein coding gene Chr1:150404165-150413944 (+)
BALB/cJ ENSMUSG00180032468
 protein coding gene Chr1:150824970-150834750 (+)
C3H/HeJ ENSMUSG00175002622
 protein coding gene Chr1:150861843-150871622 (+)
C57BL/6NJ ENSMUSG00215003289
 protein coding gene Chr1:150760053-150769832 (+)
CAROLI/EiJ MGP_CAROLIEiJ_G0014718
 protein coding gene Chr1:144640076-144649966 (+)
CAST/EiJ no annotation
CBA/J ENSMUSG00210030319
 protein coding gene Chr1:150765627-150775407 (+)
DBA/2J ENSMUSG00185041867
 protein coding gene Chr1:155061806-155071590 (+)
FVB/NJ ENSMUSG00205028207
 protein coding gene Chr1:149899100-149908889 (+)
JF1/MsJ no annotation
LP/J ENSMUSG00230012463
 protein coding gene Chr1:154623846-154633647 (+)
NOD/ShiLtJ ENSMUSG00190012510
 protein coding gene Chr1:150613749-150623528 (+)
NZO/HlLtJ ENSMUSG00225005161
 protein coding gene Chr1:158278655-158288434 (+)
PWK/PhJ no annotation
SPRET/EiJ no annotation
WSB/EiJ no annotation



Homology
more
  • Human Ortholog
    GLUL, glutamate-ammonia ligase
  • Vertebrate Orthologs
    4
Vertebrate Orthology Source
Alliance of Genome Resources
  • Human Ortholog
    GLUL, glutamate-ammonia ligase
  • Synonyms
    DEE116, GLNS, GS, PIG43, PIG59
  • Links
    NCBI Gene ID: 2752
    UniProt: P15104

  • Chr Location
    1q25.3; chr1:182378098-182392206 (-)  GRCh38
Human Diseases
more
  • Diseases
    1 with Glul mouse models; 5 with human GLUL associations

Human Disease Mouse Models
      
IDs
 View 1 model
      
IDs
IDs
IDs
IDs
IDs
Click on a disease name to see all genes associated with that disease.

  • Mutations/Alleles
    1 with disease annotations
  • References
    1 with disease annotations
Mutations,
Alleles, and
Phenotypes
less
  • Phenotype Summary
    35 phenotypes from 5 alleles in 7 genetic backgrounds
    2 phenotypes from multigenic genotypes
    1 images
    35 phenotype references
Phenotype Overview

adipose tissue
behavior/neurological
cardiovascular system
cellular
craniofacial
digestive/alimentary system
embryo
endocrine/exocrine glands
growth/size/body
hearing/vestibular/ear
hematopoietic system
homeostasis/metabolism
integument
immune system
limbs/digits/tail
liver/biliary system
mortality/aging
muscle
nervous system
pigmentation
renal/urinary system
reproductive system
respiratory system
skeleton
taste/olfaction
neoplasm
vision/eye

Click cells to view annotations.
Embryos homozygous for a reporter/null allele are not viable after E3.5; however, mutant E2.5 embryonic cells can survive in vitro if provided with glutamine.
Gene Ontology
(GO)
Classifications
less
  • All GO Annotations
    63
  • GO References
    19
Molecular Function

carbohydrate derivative binding
cytoskeletal protein binding
DNA binding
enzyme regulator
hydrolase
ligase
lipid binding
oxidoreductase
RNA binding
signaling receptor activity
signaling receptor binding
transcription
transferase
transporter
Biological Process

carbohydrate derivative metabolism
cell differentiation
cell population proliferation
cellular component organization
DNA-templated transcription
establishment of localization
homeostatic process
immune system process
lipid metabolic process
programmed cell death
protein metabolic process
response to stimulus
signaling
system development
Cellular Component

cell projection
cytoplasmic vesicle
cytoskeleton
cytosol
endoplasmic reticulum
endosome
extracellular region
Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
membraneless organelle
nucleus
organelle envelope
organelle lumen
plasma membrane
protein-containing complex
synapse
vacuole
Click cells to view annotations.
Expression
less
Expression Overview

early conceptus
embryo ectoderm
embryo endoderm
embryo mesoderm
embryo mesenchyme
extraembryonic component
alimentary system
auditory system
branchial arches
cardiovascular system
connective tissue
endocrine system
exocrine system
hemolymphoid system
integumental system
limbs
liver and biliary system
musculoskeletal system
nervous system
olfactory system
reproductive system
respiratory system
urinary system
visual system
Click cells to view annotations.


  • Assay Results
    854
  • Tissues
    178
  • cDNA Data
    236
  • Literature Summary
    170
  • Comparison Matrix
    Gene Expression + Phenotype
    • Sequences &
    Gene Models
    less
    Representative SequencesLengthStrain/SpeciesFlank
    genomic 14645 NCBI Gene Model | MGI Sequence Detail 9778 C57BL/6J ±  kb
    transcript NM_008131 RefSeq | MGI Sequence Detail 2790 C57BL/6  
    polypeptide P15105 UniProt | EBI | MGI Sequence Detail 373 Not Applicable  
    For the selected sequence
    Protein
    Information
    less
    • UniProt
      3 Sequences
    • Protein Ontology
      PR:000008058 glutamine synthetase
      (term hierarchy)
    • EC
      2.3.1.225, 6.3.1.2
    • InterPro Domains
      IPR050292 Glutamine Synthetase
      IPR008146 Glutamine synthetase, catalytic domain
      IPR027303 Glutamine synthetase, glycine-rich site
      IPR014746 Glutamine synthetase/guanido kinase, catalytic domain
      IPR027302 Glutamine synthetase, N-terminal conserved site
      IPR008147 Glutamine synthetase, N-terminal domain
      IPR036651 Glutamine synthetase, N-terminal domain superfamily
    • GlyGen
      P15105 4 sites, 2 N-linked glycans (2 sites), 1 O-linked glycan (2 sites)
    Molecular
    Reagents
    less
    • All nucleic 256
      Genomic 10
      cDNA 238
      Primer pair 4
      Other 4
      Antibodies 17

      Microarray probesets 6
    Other
    Accession IDs
    less
    MGD-MRK-10117
    References
    more
    • Summaries
      All 260
      Developmental Gene Expression 170
      Diseases 1
      Gene Ontology 19
      Phenotypes 35
    • Earliest
      J:8188 Burns DM, et al., Selection of a rat glutamine synthetase cDNA clone. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1986 Jan 14;134(1):146-51
    • Latest
      J:388028 Rueda EM, et al., Electron transport chain activity balances cell cycle progression and differentiation of retinal progenitor cells. Exp Eye Res. 2026 Jun 17;:111127
    Contributing Projects:
    Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO)
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    Funding Information
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    Send questions and comments to User Support.     		last database update
    09/15/2026
    MGI 6.29     		The Jackson Laboratory