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Misfa Gene Detail
Summary
  • Symbol
    Misfa
  • Name
    mitochondrial sheath formation associated
  • Synonyms
    Gm9999, Kastor, Polluks, TSCL1
Location &
Maps
more
  • Sequence Map
    Chr7:46633328-46637551 bp, + strand
    From Ensembl annotation of GRCm39
  • View this region in JBrowse
  • Genome Browsers
    Ensembl | UCSC | NCBI
  • Genetic Map
    Chromosome 7, 30.66 cM
  • Mapping Data
    1 experiment
Strain
Comparison
more
  • SNPs within 2kb
    196 from dbSNP Build 142
  • Strain Annotations
    31
For selected strains:
Strain Gene Model ID Feature Type Coordinates Select Strains
C57BL/6J MGI_C57BL6J_3642801
 protein coding gene Chr7:46626380-46637551 (+)
129S1/SvImJ ENSMUSG00200029941
 protein coding gene Chr7:34251107-34251909 (+)
129S1/SvImJ ENSMUSG00200029980
 protein coding gene Chr7:34254347-34255323 (+)
A/J ENSMUSG00195037044
 protein coding gene Chr7:38267482-38268284 (+)
A/J ENSMUSG00195037069
 protein coding gene Chr7:38270722-38271698 (+)
AKR/J ENSMUSG00220007844
 protein coding gene Chr7:32566088-32567064 (+)
AKR/J ENSMUSG00220007838
 protein coding gene Chr7:32562848-32563650 (+)
BALB/cJ ENSMUSG00180041117
 protein coding gene Chr7:35146108-35147084 (+)
BALB/cJ ENSMUSG00180041095
 protein coding gene Chr7:35142868-35143670 (+)
C3H/HeJ ENSMUSG00175036832
 protein coding gene Chr7:35690259-35691235 (+)
C3H/HeJ ENSMUSG00175036793
 protein coding gene Chr7:35687019-35687821 (+)
C57BL/6NJ ENSMUSG00215041641
 protein coding gene Chr7:34926500-34927302 (+)
C57BL/6NJ ENSMUSG00215041666
 protein coding gene Chr7:34929740-34930716 (+)
CAROLI/EiJ MGP_CAROLIEiJ_G0029775
 protein coding gene Chr7:48951370-48955810 (+)
CAST/EiJ ENSTCUG00005045495
 protein coding gene Chr7:38674201-38675179 (+)
CBA/J ENSMUSG00210043991
 protein coding gene Chr7:36040641-36041617 (+)
CBA/J ENSMUSG00210043952
 protein coding gene Chr7:36037401-36038203 (+)
DBA/2J ENSMUSG00185041642
 protein coding gene Chr7:39937100-39938076 (+)
DBA/2J ENSMUSG00185041623
 protein coding gene Chr7:39933860-39934662 (+)
FVB/NJ ENSMUSG00205036006
 protein coding gene Chr7:35585252-35586228 (+)
FVB/NJ ENSMUSG00205035956
 protein coding gene Chr7:35582010-35582812 (+)
JF1/MsJ ENSUMUG00000052974
 protein coding gene Chr7:44421764-44422743 (+)
LP/J ENSMUSG00230050928
 protein coding gene Chr7:45361757-45362733 (+)
LP/J ENSMUSG00230050924
 protein coding gene Chr7:45358517-45359319 (+)
NOD/ShiLtJ ENSMUSG00190036852
 protein coding gene Chr7:35912875-35913851 (+)
NOD/ShiLtJ ENSMUSG00190036796
 protein coding gene Chr7:35909635-35910437 (+)
NZO/HlLtJ ENSMUSG00225013076
 protein coding gene Chr7:43561386-43562188 (+)
NZO/HlLtJ ENSMUSG00225013093
 protein coding gene Chr7:43564626-43565602 (+)
PWK/PhJ ENSLUMG00010042227
 protein coding gene Chr7:34883575-34884555 (+)
SPRET/EiJ ENSMSPG00010039663
 protein coding gene Chr7:34672423-34673407 (+)
WSB/EiJ ENSIUOG00005026379
 protein coding gene Chr7:36467595-36468575 (+)



Homology
more
  • Human Ortholog
    MISFA, mitochondrial sheath formation associated
  • Vertebrate Orthologs
    2
Vertebrate Orthology Source
Alliance of Genome Resources
  • Human Ortholog
    MISFA, mitochondrial sheath formation associated
  • Synonyms
    Kastor, Polluks, SPTY2D1-AS1, SPTY2D1OS, TSCL1
  • Links
    NCBI Gene ID: 100506540
    UniProt: A0A0U1RRN3

  • Chr Location
    chr11:18588781-18610255 (+)  GRCh38
Mutations,
Alleles, and
Phenotypes
less
  • Phenotype Summary
    5 phenotypes from 3 alleles in 3 genetic backgrounds
    2 phenotype references
Phenotype Overview

adipose tissue
behavior/neurological
cardiovascular system
cellular
craniofacial
digestive/alimentary system
embryo
endocrine/exocrine glands
growth/size/body
hearing/vestibular/ear
hematopoietic system
homeostasis/metabolism
integument
immune system
limbs/digits/tail
liver/biliary system
mortality/aging
muscle
nervous system
pigmentation
renal/urinary system
reproductive system
respiratory system
skeleton
taste/olfaction
neoplasm
vision/eye

Click cells to view annotations.
Mice homozygous for a null allele lacking both the Kastor and Polluks polypeptides exhibit severely reduced male fertility, asthenozoospermia, decreased fertilization frequency, and abnormal sperm mitochondrial sheath morphology.
Gene Ontology
(GO)
Classifications
less
  • All GO Annotations
    6
  • GO References
    2
Molecular Function

carbohydrate derivative binding
cytoskeletal protein binding
DNA binding
enzyme regulator
hydrolase
ligase
lipid binding
oxidoreductase
RNA binding
signaling receptor activity
signaling receptor binding
transcription
transferase
transporter
Biological Process

carbohydrate derivative metabolism
cell differentiation
cell population proliferation
cellular component organization
DNA-templated transcription
establishment of localization
homeostatic process
immune system process
lipid metabolic process
programmed cell death
protein metabolic process
response to stimulus
signaling
system development
Cellular Component

cell projection
cytoplasmic vesicle
cytoskeleton
cytosol
endoplasmic reticulum
endosome
extracellular region
Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
membraneless organelle
nucleus
organelle envelope
organelle lumen
plasma membrane
protein-containing complex
synapse
vacuole
Click cells to view annotations.
Expression
less
Expression Overview

early conceptus
embryo ectoderm
embryo endoderm
embryo mesoderm
embryo mesenchyme
extraembryonic component
alimentary system
auditory system
branchial arches
cardiovascular system
connective tissue
endocrine system
exocrine system
hemolymphoid system
integumental system
limbs
liver and biliary system
musculoskeletal system
nervous system
olfactory system
reproductive system
respiratory system
urinary system
visual system
Click cells to view annotations.


  • Assay Results
    597
  • cDNA Data
    22
  • Comparison Matrix
    Gene Expression + Phenotype
    • Sequences &
    Gene Models
    less
    • All Sequences
      47
    • RefSeq
      1
    • UniProt
      1
    Representative SequencesLengthStrain/SpeciesFlank
    genomic ENSMUSG00000056509 Ensembl Gene Model | MGI Sequence Detail 4224 C57BL/6J ±  kb
    transcript ENSMUST00000070660 Ensembl | MGI Sequence Detail 486 Not Applicable  
    polypeptide ENSMUSP00000146705 Ensembl | MGI Sequence Detail 53 Not Applicable  
    For the selected sequence
    Protein
    Information
    less
    • UniProt
      1 Sequence
    Molecular
    Reagents
    less
    • All nucleic 22
      cDNA 22

      Microarray probesets 5
    Other
    Accession IDs
    less
    MGI:7380603
    References
    more
    • Summaries
      All 16
      Gene Ontology 2
      Phenotypes 2
    • Earliest
      J:332977 Mise S, et al., Kastor and Polluks polypeptides encoded by a single gene locus cooperatively regulate VDAC and spermatogenesis. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 28;13(1):1071
    • Latest
      J:377218 Lu S, et al., Male specific conserved LncRNA TSCL1 regulated target mRNA translation by interaction with PIWIL1. Cell Death Differ. 2025 Sep 20;
    Contributing Projects:
    Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO)
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    Funding Information
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    Send questions and comments to User Support.     		last database update
    09/08/2026
    MGI 6.24     		The Jackson Laboratory