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Glul Gene Detail
Summary
  • Symbol
    Glul
  • Name
    glutamate-ammonia ligase
  • Synonyms
    Glns, GS
  • Feature Type
    protein coding gene
  • IDs
    MGI:95739
    NCBI Gene: 14645
  • Alliance
    gene page
  • Transcription Start Sites
    10 TSS
Location &
Maps
more
  • Sequence Map
    Chr1:153775692-153785469 bp, + strand
    From NCBI annotation of GRCm39
  • View this region in JBrowse
  • Genome Browsers
    Ensembl | UCSC | NCBI
  • Genetic Map
    Chromosome 1, 65.43 cM, cytoband G2
  • Mapping Data
    1 experiment
Strain
Comparison
more
  • SNPs within 2kb
    401 from dbSNP Build 142
  • Strain Annotations
    18
For selected strains:
Strain Gene Model ID Feature Type Coordinates Select Strains
C57BL/6J MGI_C57BL6J_95739
 protein coding gene Chr1:153775690-153785469 (+)
129S1/SvImJ MGP_129S1SvImJ_G0016606
 protein coding gene Chr1:158761851-158771606 (+)
A/J MGP_AJ_G0016587
 protein coding gene Chr1:152359579-152369356 (+)
AKR/J MGP_AKRJ_G0016553
 protein coding gene Chr1:157079646-157089418 (+)
BALB/cJ MGP_BALBcJ_G0016548
 protein coding gene Chr1:152908368-152918610 (+)
C3H/HeJ MGP_C3HHeJ_G0016372
 protein coding gene Chr1:157190164-157199991 (+)
C57BL/6NJ MGP_C57BL6NJ_G0017009
 protein coding gene Chr1:164242454-164257514 (+)
CAROLI/EiJ MGP_CAROLIEiJ_G0014718
 protein coding gene Chr1:144640076-144649966 (+)
CAST/EiJ MGP_CASTEiJ_G0015952
 protein coding gene Chr1:156697639-156709264 (+)
CBA/J MGP_CBAJ_G0016347
 protein coding gene Chr1:170034544-170044545 (+)
DBA/2J MGP_DBA2J_G0016453
 protein coding gene Chr1:151376385-151390173 (+)
FVB/NJ MGP_FVBNJ_G0016451
 protein coding gene Chr1:149834780-149842868 (+)
LP/J MGP_LPJ_G0016524
 protein coding gene Chr1:159906709-159918540 (+)
NOD/ShiLtJ MGP_NODShiLtJ_G0016476
 protein coding gene Chr1:177652963-177662738 (+)
NZO/HlLtJ MGP_NZOHlLtJ_G0017045
 protein coding gene Chr1:156855737-156867111 (+)
PWK/PhJ MGP_PWKPhJ_G0015738
 protein coding gene Chr1:150433258-150443628 (+)
SPRET/EiJ MGP_SPRETEiJ_G0015525
 protein coding gene Chr1:155649452-155660162 (+)
WSB/EiJ MGP_WSBEiJ_G0016014
 protein coding gene Chr1:156938910-156949722 (+)



Homology
more
  • Human Ortholog
    GLUL, glutamate-ammonia ligase
  • Vertebrate Orthologs
    4
Vertebrate Orthology Source
Alliance of Genome Resources
  • Human Ortholog
    GLUL, glutamate-ammonia ligase
  • Synonyms
    DEE116, GLNS, GS, PIG43, PIG59
  • Links
    NCBI Gene ID: 2752
    UniProt: P15104

  • Chr Location
    1q25.3; chr1:182378098-182392206 (-)  GRCh38
Human Diseases
more
  • Diseases
    1 with Glul mouse models; 5 with human GLUL associations

Human Disease Mouse Models
      
IDs
 View 1 model
      
IDs
IDs
IDs
IDs
IDs
Click on a disease name to see all genes associated with that disease.

  • Mutations/Alleles
    1 with disease annotations
  • References
    1 with disease annotations
Mutations,
Alleles, and
Phenotypes
less
  • Phenotype Summary
    37 phenotypes from 5 alleles in 7 genetic backgrounds
    1 images
    33 phenotype references
Phenotype Overview

adipose tissue
behavior/neurological
cardiovascular system
cellular
craniofacial
digestive/alimentary system
embryo
endocrine/exocrine glands
growth/size/body
hearing/vestibular/ear
hematopoietic system
homeostasis/metabolism
integument
immune system
limbs/digits/tail
liver/biliary system
mortality/aging
muscle
nervous system
pigmentation
renal/urinary system
reproductive system
respiratory system
skeleton
taste/olfaction
neoplasm
vision/eye

Click cells to view annotations.
Embryos homozygous for a reporter/null allele are not viable after E3.5; however, mutant E2.5 embryonic cells can survive in vitro if provided with glutamine.
Gene Ontology
(GO)
Classifications
less
  • All GO Annotations
    83
  • GO References
    21
Molecular Function

carbohydrate derivative binding
cytoskeletal protein binding
DNA binding
enzyme regulator
hydrolase
ligase
lipid binding
oxidoreductase
RNA binding
signaling receptor activity
signaling receptor binding
transcription
transferase
transporter
Biological Process

carbohydrate derivative metabolism
cell differentiation
cell population proliferation
cellular component organization
DNA-templated transcription
establishment of localization
homeostatic process
immune system process
lipid metabolic process
programmed cell death
protein metabolic process
response to stimulus
signaling
system development
Cellular Component

cell projection
cytoplasmic vesicle
cytoskeleton
cytosol
endoplasmic reticulum
endosome
extracellular region
Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
membraneless organelle
nucleus
organelle envelope
organelle lumen
plasma membrane
protein-containing complex
synapse
vacuole
Click cells to view annotations.
Expression
less
Expression Overview

early conceptus
embryo ectoderm
embryo endoderm
embryo mesoderm
embryo mesenchyme
extraembryonic component
alimentary system
auditory system
branchial arches
cardiovascular system
connective tissue
endocrine system
exocrine system
hemolymphoid system
integumental system
limbs
liver and biliary system
musculoskeletal system
nervous system
olfactory system
reproductive system
respiratory system
urinary system
visual system
Click cells to view annotations.


  • Assay Results
    951
  • Tissues
    177
  • cDNA Data
    236
  • Literature Summary
    161
  • Comparison Matrix
    Gene Expression + Phenotype
    • Sequences &
    Gene Models
    less
    Representative SequencesLengthStrain/SpeciesFlank
    genomic 14645 NCBI Gene Model | MGI Sequence Detail 9778 C57BL/6J ±  kb
    transcript NM_008131 RefSeq | MGI Sequence Detail 2790 C57BL/6  
    polypeptide P15105 UniProt | EBI | MGI Sequence Detail 373 Not Applicable  
    For the selected sequence
    Protein
    Information
    less
    • UniProt
      2 Sequences
    • Protein Ontology
      PR:000008058 glutamine synthetase
      (term hierarchy)
    • EC
      2.3.1.225, 6.3.1.2
    • InterPro Domains
      IPR050292 Glutamine Synthetase
      IPR008146 Glutamine synthetase, catalytic domain
      IPR027303 Glutamine synthetase, glycine-rich site
      IPR014746 Glutamine synthetase/guanido kinase, catalytic domain
      IPR027302 Glutamine synthetase, N-terminal conserved site
      IPR008147 Glutamine synthetase, N-terminal domain
      IPR036651 Glutamine synthetase, N-terminal domain superfamily
    • GlyGen
      P15105 4 sites, 2 N-linked glycans (2 sites), 1 O-linked glycan (2 sites)
    Molecular
    Reagents
    less
    • All nucleic 255
      Genomic 10
      cDNA 238
      Primer pair 4
      Other 3

      Microarray probesets 6
    Other
    Accession IDs
    less
    MGD-MRK-10117
    References
    more
    • Summaries
      All 249
      Developmental Gene Expression 161
      Diseases 1
      Gene Ontology 21
      Phenotypes 33
    • Earliest
      J:8188 Burns DM, et al., Selection of a rat glutamine synthetase cDNA clone. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1986 Jan 14;134(1):146-51
    • Latest
      J:361257 Kawase K, et al., Significance of birth in the maintenance of quiescent neural stem cells. Sci Adv. 2025 Jan 24;11(4):eadn6377
    Contributing Projects:
    Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO)
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    Funding Information
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    Send questions and comments to User Support.     		last database update
    03/25/2025
    MGI 6.24     		The Jackson Laboratory