mortality/aging
• there is a 50% mortality rate between birth and weaning
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cardiovascular system
• pulmonary arteries of E18.5 embryos and newborns are significantly smaller
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• the mean inner diameter of the pulmonary trunk is 1.22 mm compared to 1.56 mm for age-matched controls
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• aorta diameters of all E18.5 embryos and newborns are decreased compared to wild-type mice
• the mean aortic diameter is 1.3 mm compared to 1.5 mm for age-matched controls
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• smooth muscle cell proliferation is reduced to 9% in E16.5 embryos compared to 22.5% of wild-type embryos
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craniofacial
• dental malformations inhibit the ability of mice to feed postnatally
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growth/size/body
• dental malformations inhibit the ability of mice to feed postnatally
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• by one week of age, mice weigh significantly less than control littermates
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homeostasis/metabolism
muscle
• smooth muscle cell proliferation is reduced to 9% in E16.5 embryos compared to 22.5% of wild-type embryos
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skeleton
• dental malformations inhibit the ability of mice to feed postnatally
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