behavior/neurological
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• take about twice as long to find the platform and swim greater distances in a water maze
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• decreased exploratory behavior under aversive conditions
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• increased wall-hugging in a water maze
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• swim speed is decreased by 19% compared to controls
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• grip strength deficit of 23% compared to controls
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• significantly increased activity levels at the beginning of the dark period and decreased activity levels at the end of the dark period compared to controls
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• abnormal circadian distribution of activity
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nervous system
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• brain wet weight is reduced by about 11% at 10 - 12 months of age
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• deficit in long term potentiation in mice at 9 to 12 months of age
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growth/size/body
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• reduced by about 15% and 19% compared to wild-type in females and males, respectively at 2.4 months of age
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