cardiovascular system
• exhibit an increase in the anterior wall thickness, however see no evidence of wall thinning or tissue fibrosis and heart rate is normal
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• increase in both the length and width of cardiomyocytes
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• increased in heart size is detectable in newborns
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• seen at 10 weeks and 12 months of age, however do not observe cardiac decompensation or dilated cardiomyopathy
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• exhibit an increase in the left ventricle mass
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• decrease in fractional shortening, velocity of circumferential fiber shortening, peak aortic outflow velocity, dP/dT-max and dP/dT-min, indicating impaired contractile heart function
• individual cardiomyocytes display a reduction in contractility as shown by a reduction in percent cell shortening and positive and negative dL/dTs
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muscle
• increase in both the length and width of cardiomyocytes
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• decrease in fractional shortening, velocity of circumferential fiber shortening, peak aortic outflow velocity, dP/dT-max and dP/dT-min, indicating impaired contractile heart function
• individual cardiomyocytes display a reduction in contractility as shown by a reduction in percent cell shortening and positive and negative dL/dTs
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growth/size/body
• increased in heart size is detectable in newborns
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• seen at 10 weeks and 12 months of age, however do not observe cardiac decompensation or dilated cardiomyopathy
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