craniofacial
• at >4 weeks of age, mutants showed increased bone deposition in calvariae mainly at the inner periosteal surface adjacent to the dura mater
• calvarial thickness nearly doubled by ~10 months of age
• homozygotes had normal circulating levels of PTH, but showed increased calcein labeling of calvarial surfaces
|
• calvarial thickness nearly doubled by ~10 months of age
|
growth/size/body
• homozygotes showed a normal mean body weight throughout the 36-wk observation period, except for a 9.8% reduction at 18 wks
|
limbs/digits/tail
• adult homozygotes showed bony deformities, particularly of long bones, with increased deposition of woven bone
|
skeleton
N |
• homozygotes showed normal tooth eruption
|
• beginning at about 2 weeks of age, homozygotes showed increased osteoblast apoptosis, despite increased bone deposition
|
• beginning at about 2 weeks of age, homozygotes showed increased osteocyte apoptosis, despite increased bone deposition
|
• at 4 weeks, homozygotes showed an increase in tibial trabecular bone volume despite an overall decrease in osteoblast activity in trabecular bone
(J:85591)
• in contrast, homozygotes displayed normal tibial cortical bone thickness, and a relatively normal tibial periosteal mineral apposition rate
(J:85591)
• at greater 4 weeks of age, mutants began to show increased bone deposition of endosteal trabecular bone in tibial/femoral bones
(J:90884)
|
• at >4 weeks of age, mutants showed increased bone deposition in calvariae mainly at the inner periosteal surface adjacent to the dura mater
• calvarial thickness nearly doubled by ~10 months of age
• homozygotes had normal circulating levels of PTH, but showed increased calcein labeling of calvarial surfaces
|
• calvarial thickness nearly doubled by ~10 months of age
|
• in contrast to wild-type, homozygotes showed resistance to PTH-induced bone resorption, with only a few resorption spaces and rare osteoclasts
• the bone resorption area and the number of osteoclasts/mm2 were significantly increased (~5-fold) after PTH injection in wild-type, but not in homozygous mutant mice
• homozygotes were not resistant to other skeletal effects of PTH
• after i.p. injection of PTH, calcemic responses were significantly lower in homozygotes versus wild-type
|
• adult homozygotes showed bony deformities, particularly of long bones, with increased deposition of woven bone
|
• at >2 weeks of age, homozygotes showed loss of osteocytes from their lacunae in the calvariae and in the shafts of long bones
|
• the number of "empty" lacunae increased with age
|
osteopetrosis
(
J:85591
)
• homozygotes exhibited a mild osteopetrotic phenotype, that is, a mild, but significant, increase in tibial trabecular number and volume, and a sharp decrease in trabecular separation
|
• homozygotes showed impaired osteoclastic bone resorption in trabecular bone: namely, an increase in osteoclast number and surface in long bones
|
• adult homozygotes developed joint contractures
|
vision/eye
N |
• homozygotes showed no anterior segment defects: the angle was open, and the depth of the anterior chamber appeared normal
|
• homozygotes showed a significant increase in mean intraocular pressure at 18, 24, and 36 weeks (21%, 44%, and 36%, respectively)
• homozygotes displayed an increased accumulation of collagen I in conjunctiva, subconjunctival tissue, and sclera, suggesting an association between IOP regulation and fibrillar collagen turnover
|
immune system
• in contrast to wild-type, homozygotes showed resistance to PTH-induced bone resorption, with only a few resorption spaces and rare osteoclasts
• the bone resorption area and the number of osteoclasts/mm2 were significantly increased (~5-fold) after PTH injection in wild-type, but not in homozygous mutant mice
• homozygotes were not resistant to other skeletal effects of PTH
• after i.p. injection of PTH, calcemic responses were significantly lower in homozygotes versus wild-type
|
cellular
• beginning at about 2 weeks of age, homozygotes showed increased osteoblast apoptosis, despite increased bone deposition
|
• beginning at about 2 weeks of age, homozygotes showed increased osteocyte apoptosis, despite increased bone deposition
|
• at 4 weeks, homozygotes showed an increase in tibial trabecular bone volume despite an overall decrease in osteoblast activity in trabecular bone
(J:85591)
• in contrast, homozygotes displayed normal tibial cortical bone thickness, and a relatively normal tibial periosteal mineral apposition rate
(J:85591)
• at greater 4 weeks of age, mutants began to show increased bone deposition of endosteal trabecular bone in tibial/femoral bones
(J:90884)
|
hematopoietic system
• in contrast to wild-type, homozygotes showed resistance to PTH-induced bone resorption, with only a few resorption spaces and rare osteoclasts
• the bone resorption area and the number of osteoclasts/mm2 were significantly increased (~5-fold) after PTH injection in wild-type, but not in homozygous mutant mice
• homozygotes were not resistant to other skeletal effects of PTH
• after i.p. injection of PTH, calcemic responses were significantly lower in homozygotes versus wild-type
|