mortality/aging
• homozygotes die neonatally
|
embryo
• homozygotes display a significant reduction of the second branchial arch, leading to craniofacial defects
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• at E9.5, homozygotes show abnormal development of the A-P axis
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• at E9.5, homozygotes display posterior truncations
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craniofacial
• at E9.5, homozygotes show defects in craniofacial patterning
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• homozygotes display a significant reduction of the second branchial arch, leading to craniofacial defects
|
skeleton
• at P0, homozygotes show delayed ossification of distal phalanges
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• at E9.5, homozygotes show defects in craniofacial patterning
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• at P0, homozygotes have 25 caudal vertebrae versus 31 found in wild-type mice
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• at P0, 32% of homozygotes show no attachment of the first rib (R1) to the sternum
• at P0, 59% of homozygotes show no attachment of R7 to the sternum
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• at the lumbrosacral level, P0 homozygotes frequently have extra ribs on L1
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rib fusion
(
J:49154
)
• at P0, 47% of homozygotes display rib fusions
|
• at P0, 32% of homozygotes display C2 malformations
|
• at E9.5, homozygotes display vertebral transformations predominantly to anterior direction
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• at P0, a posterior transformation of T7 to T8 (not attaching the sternum) is common
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• at P0, anterior transformations include: C1 to occipital (12%); C2 to C1 (9%); C7 to C6 (9%)
• at P0, posterior transformations include: C5 to C6 (12%); C7 to T1 (9%)
|
• at P0, anterior transformations include: L1 to T13 (41%)
|
• at P0, anterior transformations include: S1 to L6 (9%); S2 to S1 (12%)
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limbs/digits/tail
• at E9.5, homozygotes display distal limb defects
|
• at P0, homozygotes display loss of anterior digits, syn- and oligodactyly, and postaxial cartilage condensations
|
• at P0, homozygotes show delayed ossification of distal phalanges
|
oligodactyly
(
J:49154
)
syndactyly
(
J:49154
)
• at P0, homozygotes have 25 caudal vertebrae versus 31 found in wild-type mice
|