Phenotypes associated with this allele

• Allele Symbol: Gpd2^tm1Tka
• Allele Name: targeted mutation 1, Takashi Kadowaki
• Allele ID: MGI:2181289
• Summary: 3 genotypes

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
hm1	Gpd2^tm1Tka/Gpd2^tm1Tka	B6.Cg-Gpd2^tm1Tka	MGI:3852207
hm2	Gpd2^tm1Tka/Gpd2^tm1Tka	involves: C57BL/6 * CBA	MGI:3852185
cx3	Gpd2^tm1Tka/Gpd2^tm1Tka Slc25a13^tm1Lct/Slc25a13^tm1Lct	B6.Cg-Gpd2^tm1Tka Slc25a13^tm1Lct	MGI:3852220

Genotype
MGI:3852207

hm1

• Allelic Composition: Gpd2^tm1Tka/Gpd2^tm1Tka
• Genetic Background: B6.Cg-Gpd2^tm1Tka

• ♀: phenotype observed in females
• ♂: phenotype observed in males
• N: normal phenotype

homeostasis/metabolism

impaired adaptive thermogenesis ( J:87244 )

• whether hypothyroid or euthyroid, cold challenge of mice adapted to 32 degrees Celsius produces a more prompt and marked hypothermia than in similarly treated wild-type mice

decreased circulating insulin level ( J:124766 )

increased circulating thyroxine level ( J:87244 )

• at 22 degrees Celsius

increased circulating cholesterol level ( J:124766 )

increased body temperature ( J:87244 )

• following injection with norepinephrine, mice exhibit increased brown adipose tissue and rectal temperatures compared with similarly treated wild-type mice

decreased oxygen consumption ( J:87244 )

• about 7% less than wild-type mice at 22 and 30 degrees Celsius

• 17% less than wild-type mice at 32 degrees Celsius

abnormal triiodothyronine level ( J:87244 )

• during acclimation to 32 degrees Celsius, T3 levels drop more than in wild-type mice

increased circulating triiodothyronine level ( J:87244 )

• at 22 and 32 degrees Celsius

growth/size/body

decreased body size ( J:87244 )

decreased body weight ( J:87244 )

• about 5% due to small body size rather than altered body composition

adipose tissue

decreased brown adipose tissue mass ( J:87244 )

• at 22 degrees Celsius

decreased brown fat cell lipid droplet size ( J:87244 )

• at 22 degrees Celsius, brown adipose fat droplets are smaller in size and greater in number than in similarly treated wild-type mice

behavior/neurological

abnormal eating behavior ( J:87244 )

• 10%

Genotype
MGI:3852185

hm2

• Allelic Composition: Gpd2^tm1Tka/Gpd2^tm1Tka
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6 * CBA

endocrine/exocrine glands

decreased insulin secretion ( J:75839 )

• glucose- or D-glyceraldehyde-stimulated insulin secretion in islet cells treated with AOA, an inhibitor of aspartate aminotransferase in the malate-aspartate shuttle, is abolished unlike in similarly treated wild-type cells

• the first phase of glucose-induced insulin secretion in islet cells treated with AOA is severely suppressed while the second phase is abolished unlike in similarly treated wild-type cells

• however, glibenclamide- or methyl pyruvate-induced insulin secretion in AOA treated islet cells is normal

growth/size/body

decreased body weight ( J:75839 )

• 23% in males and 13% in females at 16 weeks

homeostasis/metabolism

decreased insulin secretion ( J:75839 )

• glucose- or D-glyceraldehyde-stimulated insulin secretion in islet cells treated with AOA, an inhibitor of aspartate aminotransferase in the malate-aspartate shuttle, is abolished unlike in similarly treated wild-type cells

• the first phase of glucose-induced insulin secretion in islet cells treated with AOA is severely suppressed while the second phase is abolished unlike in similarly treated wild-type cells

• however, glibenclamide- or methyl pyruvate-induced insulin secretion in AOA treated islet cells is normal

Genotype
MGI:3852220

cx3

• Allelic Composition: Gpd2^tm1Tka/Gpd2^tm1Tka; Slc25a13^tm1Lct/Slc25a13^tm1Lct
• Genetic Background: B6.Cg-Gpd2^tm1Tka Slc25a13^tm1Lct

mortality/aging

premature death ( J:124766 )

• 30% fewer than expected mice are found between 20 and 40 days

homeostasis/metabolism

increased aspartic acid level ( J:124766 )

• hepatic aspartic acid levels are higher than in wild-type mice

abnormal circulating amino acid level ( J:124766 )

• citrulline and threonine/serine ratios are higher than in wild-type mice

• following oral sucrose administration, the plasma alanine concentration and branched amino acid/aromatic amino acid ratio are decreased compared to in wild-type mice

increased circulating ammonia level ( J:124766 )

• under fed conditions and after oral sucrose administration

increased blood urea nitrogen level ( J:124766 )

• plasma urea concentrations are higher than in wild-type mice

hypoglycemia ( J:124766 )

• compared to in wild-type mice and more severely than in Slc25a13^tm1Lct homozygotes under fasting and fed conditions

decreased circulating insulin level ( J:124766 )

• compared to wild-type mice and more severely than in Gpd2^tm1Tka homozygotes

increased circulating free fatty acids level ( J:124766 )

increased circulating glycerol level ( J:124766 )

increased circulating alkaline phosphatase level ( J:124766 )

increased liver triglyceride level ( J:124766 )

liver/biliary system

increased liver triglyceride level ( J:124766 )

hepatic steatosis ( J:124766 )

• following 16 hours of fasting

growth/size/body

decreased body weight ( J:124766 )

• by 36 days in males and 29 days in females

postnatal growth retardation ( J:124766 )

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
citrullinemia		DOID:9273		J:124766