mortality/aging
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• life span of about 60 weeks
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growth/size/body
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• in both males and females
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muscle
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• mitochondria are abnormal and appear swollen with damaged crista
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• shorter Z-line distance in sarcomeres in males
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• increase in the number of cells with centralized nuclei in males
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• basal respiration, maximal respiration and spare respiratory capacity of muscle fibers is reduced and glycolytic capacity is increased
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• in muscle sections from males and females
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behavior/neurological
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• physically weaker with reduced grip strength
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cellular
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• mitochondria are abnormal and appear swollen with damaged crista
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|
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• basal respiration, maximal respiration and spare respiratory capacity of muscle fibers is reduced and glycolytic capacity is increased
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