homeostasis/metabolism
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• the [M+9] carnitine abundance is reduced in the liver and kidneys
• livers from fasted mice show reduced levels of carnitine and propionylcarnitine
• livers from fasted mice show reductions in several mid-to-long-chain acylcarnitines
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• mice injected with labeled trimethyllysine (TML) show up to a 35-fold decrease in incorporation of TML into carnitine species resulting in decreased serum carnitine [M+9] levels and acetylcarnitine [M+9] levels
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• mice fed a vegetarian chow for 2 weeks to minimize exogenous carnitine intake show altered serum levels of monomethyllysine (MML) and dimethyllysine (DML) indicating changes in the levels of methylated amino acids
• mice show impaired carnitine biosynthesis and trimethyllysine (TML) incorporation
• deoxycarnitine levels, a downstream product of TML in the carnitine biosynthesis pathway, are reduced
• mice fail to mount the fasting-induced increase in acetylcarnitine, indicating potential carnitine limitation
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