Analysis Tools
normal phenotype
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• homozygotes are viable and fertile with no apparent phenotypic abnormalities
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Allele Symbol Allele Name Allele ID |
Fermt2tm1.1Gxo targeted mutation 1.1, Guozhi Xiao MGI:5788419 |
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| Summary |
5 genotypes
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• homozygotes are viable and fertile with no apparent phenotypic abnormalities
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• heterozygotes are viable and fertile with no apparent phenotypic abnormalities
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• mice die within 1 month of birth because of respiratory distress
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• severe dwarfism at P20
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• all mice develop rapid growth retardation after birth
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• respiratory distress probably associated with compression of cervical and thoracic vertebrae as a result of kyphosis
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• significant reduction in femur cortical bone thickness at P30
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• P0 forelimbs and hindlimbs are shorter than normal
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| N |
• mice do not exhibit any marked abnormalities in the skull vault and clavicle, suggesting normal intramembraneous ossification
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• reduced skeleton size at P0 and P20
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• significant reduction in femur cortical bone thickness at P30
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• at P0, representative images of proliferative and hypertrophic zone chondrocytes show disrupted column formation in humeral sections
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• significant reduction in the length of all long bones (femur, tibia, humerus, radius and ulna) and their respective bony portions at P0
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• P0 ribcage is smaller than normal
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• compression of cervical and thoracic vertebrae resulting from kyphosis
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• vertebrae are shorter than normal
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• dramatic reduction in femur trabecular bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) at P30
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• Alcian blue stain of P17 and P30 tibial sections indicates delayed formation of the secondary ossification center and reduced subchondral bone
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• mice are viable and fertile and do not show any skeletal phenotypes in calvaria, forelimb, hindlimb, sternum, and clavicle at E16.5 and E18.5
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• all mice die immediately after birth
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• all E16.5 embryos show a hematoma on the top of the head which grows larger over time (E18.5 and P0)
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• complete loss of the skull vault at E16.5, E18.5 and P0
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• marked increase of chondrocyte apoptosis noted in the proliferative zone at E14.5 and in the hypertrophic zone at E16.5, as detected by TUNEL staining of humeral growth plates
• upregulation of cleaved (active) caspase-3 in E14.5 chondrocytes, consistent with increased cell apoptosis
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• significant reduction in chondrocyte proliferation rate, as shown by BrdU staining of E14.5 humeral growth plates
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• all E14.5-P0 mice exhibit multiple striking skeletal defects
• however, overall body size is not markedly different from that of controls
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• complete loss of the skull vault at E16.5, E18.5 and P0
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• significant reduction in clavicle length at E18.5
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• severe hypoplasia of the clavicle at E18.5
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• chondrocytes fail to form regular columns in the proliferative zone of humeral growth plates, unlike in controls
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• absence of an organized hypertrophic zone in humeral growth plates at E14.5
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• large spherical chondrocytes are scattered throughout the humeral growth plate, instead of forming the highly organized hypertrophic zone seen in controls
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• significant reduction in the length of all long bones (femur, tibia, humerus, radius and ulna) and their respective bony portions at E18.5
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• blocked (forelimb) or delayed (hindlimb) elongation of distal phalanges at E18.5
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• at E18.5
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• at E18.5
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• at E18.5
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• at E18.5
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• at E18.5
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• shortened and broadened scapula at E18.5
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• at E18.5
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• shortened, broadened and fused sterna at E18.5
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• fused sterna at E18.5
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• at E18.5
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• at E18.5
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• chondrocytes are large and spherical instead of discoid, suggesting increased chondrocyte hypertrophy
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• severe reduction of chondrocyte density in humeral growth plates starting at E14.5 and worsening over time
• significant reduction of chondrocyte density in tibial growth plates at E16.5 and E18.5
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• chondrodysplasia
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• severe delay in primary ossification center (POC) formation in the humerus, with no POC noted at E16.5, a partially formed POC at E18.5, and a significantly shorter POC at PO relative to controls
• similar delay in formation of ossification centers in digits (phalange bones)
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• severe defects in intramembranous ossification, as shown by the complete loss of the skull vault and severe clavicle hypoplasia
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• blocked (forelimb) or delayed (hindlimb) elongation of distal phalanges at E18.5
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• impaired elongation of distal digits
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• at E18.5
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• at E18.5
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• at E18.5
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• at E18.5
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• at E18.5
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• shortened and broadened limbs at E18.5
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• severe forelimb and hindlimb shortening at E18.5
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• marked increase of chondrocyte apoptosis noted in the proliferative zone at E14.5 and in the hypertrophic zone at E16.5, as detected by TUNEL staining of humeral growth plates
• upregulation of cleaved (active) caspase-3 in E14.5 chondrocytes, consistent with increased cell apoptosis
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• significant reduction in chondrocyte proliferation rate, as shown by BrdU staining of E14.5 humeral growth plates
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Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO) |
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last database update 05/07/2024 MGI 6.23 |
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