Analysis Tools
homeostasis/metabolism
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• HFD-fed male heterozygotes show significantly increased hypothalamic mRNA expression of Apoa4 (a satiety hormone) but significantly reduced mRNA expression of Crhr1 and Slc22a1 (also known as Oct1) relative to HFD-fed wild-type males
• HFD-fed female heterozygotes display more differences in hypothalamic gene expression than HFD-fed male heterozygotes
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• after 18 weeks on a high-fat diet (HFD), male heterozygotes gain significantly less weight than HFD-fed wild-type or homozygous Smim20em1(IMPC)J males
• in contrast, HFD-fed female heterozygotes show normal weight gain relative to HFD-fed homozygous Smim20em1(IMPC)J females
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• in an insulin tolerance test (ITT), HFD-fed male heterozygotes show significantly lower glucose levels than HFD-fed wild-type or homozygous Smim20em1(IMPC)J males at specific points post-injection; however, the area under the curve (AUC) is not significantly altered, indicating only a slight increase in insulin sensitivity
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growth/size/body
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• after 18 weeks on a high-fat diet (HFD), male heterozygotes gain significantly less weight than HFD-fed wild-type or homozygous Smim20em1(IMPC)J males
• in contrast, HFD-fed female heterozygotes show normal weight gain relative to HFD-fed homozygous Smim20em1(IMPC)J females
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immune system
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• in culture, primary hypothalamic cells show normal induction of pro-inflammatory markers in response to LPS exposure
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