All Phenotypes Tdrd9<tm1.1Chum> MGI Mouse

abnormal male germ cell morphology ( J:156018 )

azoospermia ( J:156018 )

• no sperm in epidydimides

abnormal spermatocyte morphology ( J:156018 )

• mutant spermatocytes show degeneration

• intracellular disorganization and vacuolation in spermatocytes

• spermatocytes frequently contain cytoplasmic aggregates containing LINE-1 open reading frame1 protein (ORF1p)

• abnormal accumulation of OFR1p in the nuclei of spermatocytes

abnormal spermatogonia morphology ( J:156018 )

• highly accumulated ORF1p in cytoplasmic of the prospermatogonia in mutant fetal testes

increased male germ cell apoptosis ( J:156018 )

• increased apoptosis in spermatocytes

abnormal DNA methylation during gametogenesis ( J:156018 )

• demethylation of Long Interspersed Element-1 (LINE-1) in mutant testis at postnatal day 3 to 4 (P3-4), P12 and P25

• highly demethylated Line-1 promoter region compared to controls (1.4% compared to 92.2%)

• substantially demethylated paternally methylated RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 (Rasgrf1, 7.6% compared to 95.3%)

small testis ( J:156018 )

• small testis at 2 months of age

decreased testis weight ( J:156018 )

• lower testis weight at 2 months of age

arrest of male meiosis ( J:156018 )

• absent haploid spermatids in the mutant testis

• fragmentary and impaired formation of central elements by synaptonemal complex protein 1 (SYCP1)

• spermatogenesis is blocked at the zygotene stage due to chromosome synapsis failure

abnormal synaptonemal complex ( J:156018 )