Analysis Tools
skeleton
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• incisors and molars displayed a wide spectrum of defects
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• mice systematically exhibited small and malformed incisors
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• very shallow cusps
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• often yellowish and dull color
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• areas with no cell differentiation denoting an arrest or delay in tooth development
• continued cell proliferation, mainly in the epithelial root sheath
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• disorganized enamel knot showing no apoptosis during embryonic teeth development resulting in additional new dental buds
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• lack of clear and regular layers of dentine and enamel between well-defined ameloblasts and odontoblasts
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• atypical with engorged aspect
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• dentin and enamel were either absent or present in thin irregular layers
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• dentin and enamel were either absent or present in thin irregular layers
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• dentin and enamel were either absent or present in thin irregular layers
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• teeth were sometimes present in excessive number
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• molars were sometimes in excessive number
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• continued cell proliferation in the epithelial root sheath at P15
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• teeth failed to form long roots
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• teeth were fragile
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fused teeth
(
J:132771
)
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• teeth were sometimes fused
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fused molars
(
J:132771
)
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• the first and the second molars were often fused
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microdontia
(
J:132771
)
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• teeth were sometimes reduced in size
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endocrine/exocrine glands
growth/size/body
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• incisors and molars displayed a wide spectrum of defects
|
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• mice systematically exhibited small and malformed incisors
|
|
• very shallow cusps
|
|
• often yellowish and dull color
|
|
• areas with no cell differentiation denoting an arrest or delay in tooth development
• continued cell proliferation, mainly in the epithelial root sheath
|
|
• disorganized enamel knot showing no apoptosis during embryonic teeth development resulting in additional new dental buds
|
|
• lack of clear and regular layers of dentine and enamel between well-defined ameloblasts and odontoblasts
|
|
• atypical with engorged aspect
|
|
• dentin and enamel were either absent or present in thin irregular layers
|
|
• dentin and enamel were either absent or present in thin irregular layers
|
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• dentin and enamel were either absent or present in thin irregular layers
|
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• teeth were sometimes present in excessive number
|
|
• molars were sometimes in excessive number
|
|
• continued cell proliferation in the epithelial root sheath at P15
|
|
• teeth failed to form long roots
|
|
• teeth were fragile
|
fused teeth
(
J:132771
)
|
• teeth were sometimes fused
|
fused molars
(
J:132771
)
|
• the first and the second molars were often fused
|
microdontia
(
J:132771
)
|
• teeth were sometimes reduced in size
|
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• significantly reduced body weight and size starting at P9 and onward
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craniofacial
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• incisors and molars displayed a wide spectrum of defects
|
|
• mice systematically exhibited small and malformed incisors
|
|
• very shallow cusps
|
|
• often yellowish and dull color
|
|
• areas with no cell differentiation denoting an arrest or delay in tooth development
• continued cell proliferation, mainly in the epithelial root sheath
|
|
• disorganized enamel knot showing no apoptosis during embryonic teeth development resulting in additional new dental buds
|
|
• lack of clear and regular layers of dentine and enamel between well-defined ameloblasts and odontoblasts
|
|
• atypical with engorged aspect
|
|
• dentin and enamel were either absent or present in thin irregular layers
|
|
• dentin and enamel were either absent or present in thin irregular layers
|
|
• dentin and enamel were either absent or present in thin irregular layers
|
|
• teeth were sometimes present in excessive number
|
|
• molars were sometimes in excessive number
|
|
• continued cell proliferation in the epithelial root sheath at P15
|
|
• teeth failed to form long roots
|
|
• teeth were fragile
|
fused teeth
(
J:132771
)
|
• teeth were sometimes fused
|
fused molars
(
J:132771
)
|
• the first and the second molars were often fused
|
microdontia
(
J:132771
)
|
• teeth were sometimes reduced in size
|
limbs/digits/tail
oligodactyly
(
J:132771
)
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• mild form of syndactyly and oligodactyly are displayed in 59% of mutant mice
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syndactyly
(
J:132771
)
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• mild form of syndactyly and oligodactyly are displayed in 59% of mutant mice
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respiratory system
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• a lower complexity of lung parenchyma in new born mutant mice resulting in very thin and smooth alveolar walls lacking any outgrowth of secondary septa
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integument
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• no hairs emerged from the dorsal skin around P5
• by P10, short hair tips appeared but did not develop into fur
• normal number of hair follicles are present
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• most hair shafts were bent and did not reach the epidermis
• hair shaft showed multiple fractures and were twisted
• the hair shaft was often composed of discontinuous conglomerates of horny material at P1
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• high level of apoptosis in the hair cuticle
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• high level of apoptosis in the inner root sheath
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• the inner root sheath was missing irregularly
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• at birth, though whiskers could be seen on sections of E18.5 embryos
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• some appeared on the skin surface from P6
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• some appeared on the skin surface from P6
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• retained a thick epidermis comparable to that of newborns
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