Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• few mice survive beyond E11.5
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cardiovascular system
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• at E10.5, trabeculation is reduced
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• at E10.5, the open heart tube persists with an enlarged endomyocardial cavity with a thin and disorganized epithelium
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• at E10.5, the presumptive parietal pericardial layer appears abnormal
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• at E8.5, the primitive heart is enlarged
• at E9.5, hearts are enlarged and distended
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• at E11, the pericardial sacs are edematous due to heart failure
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• at E10.5, hearts are dilated
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hemorrhage
(
J:129208
)
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• at E10.5, some mice exhibit hemorrhaging in the thorax, abdomen and cranium
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• by E11.5 hearts have stopped beating
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nervous system
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• at E9.5, neural tube closure is variable in severity with some mice exhibiting rostral closure with open cranial portions and few others exhibiting an entirely open neural tube
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• at E10.5, mutant embryos typically show an open neural tube in the forebrain region, although it is closed but collapsed in the hindbrain region
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• at E9.5, a few embryos exhibit an entirely open neural tube
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• at E10.5, telencephalic vesicles have not expanded outwards
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• forebrain region is smaller than in wild-type mice
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• hindbrain region is smaller than in wild-type mice
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• midbrain region is smaller than in wild-type mice
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vision/eye
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• retinal pigmentation is less pronounced in some embryos and virtually absent in others
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• the eye field is indistinct and underdeveloped
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• at E10.5, the optic stalk and vesicle have collapsed
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• at E10.5, the optic stalk and vesicle have collapsed
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embryo
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• at E10.5, mice exhibit reduced numbers of branchial arches compared to wild-type mice
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• at E10.5, the surface ectoderm appears abnormal
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• at E9.5 and E10.5, limb bud development is delayed and never progresses beyond a limb bud paddle
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• at E8.5, neural folds remain convex and fail to elevate and fuse unlike in wild-type mice
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• at E9.5, neural tube closure is variable in severity with some mice exhibiting rostral closure with open cranial portions and few others exhibiting an entirely open neural tube
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• at E10.5, mutant embryos typically show an open neural tube in the forebrain region, although it is closed but collapsed in the hindbrain region
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• at E9.5, a few embryos exhibit an entirely open neural tube
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• unlike in wild-type mice, the tail bud is short and terminates in a broad, blunt end
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limbs/digits/tail
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• at E9.5 and E10.5, limb bud development is delayed and never progresses beyond a limb bud paddle
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• unlike in wild-type mice, the tail bud is short and terminates in a broad, blunt end
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hearing/vestibular/ear
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• at E10.5, the otic vesicles are rounder than in wild-type mice, lack the dorsal extension and the epithelium is thickened
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growth/size/body
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• at E8.5, the primitive heart is enlarged
• at E9.5, hearts are enlarged and distended
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absent mouth
(
J:129208
)
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• at E11.5, branchial arches have not fused and the mouth is not formed
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• the head shape is abnormal
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• at E10.5
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• at E10.5
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muscle
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• at E10.5, trabeculation is reduced
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craniofacial
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• at E10.5, mice exhibit reduced numbers of branchial arches compared to wild-type mice
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absent mouth
(
J:129208
)
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• at E11.5, branchial arches have not fused and the mouth is not formed
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• the head shape is abnormal
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pigmentation
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• retinal pigmentation is less pronounced in some embryos and virtually absent in others
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• at E11, the pericardial sacs are edematous due to heart failure
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• at E11
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