All Phenotypes Prkaca<tm3Gsm> MGI Mouse

decreased body size ( J:103418 )

• mice are 10-15% smaller than controls

decreased body length ( J:103418 )

• shorter crown-anus length than controls

decreased liver glycogen level ( J:103418 )

• both fed and fasted/refed mutant mice show significantly lower levels of liver glycogen than controls

• fasted mice show similar levels of liver glycogen to controls

increased circulating triglyceride level ( J:103418 )

• significant elevation consistent with decreased insulin levels

abnormal glucose homeostasis ( J:103418 )

decreased insulin secretion ( J:103418 )

• a decrease in serum insulin after glucose challenge occurs in contrast to an increase in control mice

• insulin clearance appears to be unaffected

• isolated pancreatic islets are defective in the ability to secrete insulin by glucose stimulation at all concentrations tested ; such islets contain more isulin than control islets, suggesting that the defect is in secretion and not in synthesis or storage

increased circulating glucose level ( J:103418 )

• fasting and fed state blood glucose levels are 25% higher than controls

• mice that are fasted then refed for 6 hours exhibit normal blood glucose levels

decreased circulating insulin level ( J:103418 )

• fasting insulin levels are lower than controls

• slight elevation is seen after a 6 hour refeeding period

• normal insulin sensitivity is seen at two different doses of insulin

impaired glucose tolerance ( J:103418 )

• mutant animals exhibit an impaired ability to remove glucose from the bloodstream after intraperitoneal glucose injection

abnormal glycogen homeostasis ( J:103418 )

• reductions in the levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in the fed state; lower levels are thought to promote gluconeogenesis rather than glycolysis

• in the fed state, level of glucokinase transcripts are reduced; glucokinase regulates glycolysis in the liver