Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
| N |
• Background Sensitivity: associated phenotypes do not appear after a cross with C57BL/6J mice
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• homozygous mutant embryos die between 11 dpc and 13 dpc; no viable mutant embryos are detected on or beyond 13 dpc
• ~50% of the expected numbers of homozygotes are obtained on 11.5 dpc; only ~10% of the expected numbers are detected on 12.5 dpc
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embryo
| N |
• Background Sensitivity: associated phenotypes do not appear after a cross with C57BL/6J mice
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• at 10.5 dpc, anterior embryonic structures (e.g. developing brain, branchial arches and forelimbs) appear morphologically normal
• in contrast, posterior structures (e.g. heart and hindlimbs) appear to be poorly developed
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• at 9.5 dpc, wild-type embryos have turned whereas mutant embryos remain in the lordotic position
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• by 11.5 dpc, any remaining viable mutant embryos appear to be arrested at the 10.5 dpc stage in the absence of placental failure
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• at 10.5 dpc, the size of homozygous mutant embryos is ~50% of normal size
• at 11.5 dpc, the size of homozygous mutant embryos is ~25% of normal size
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant embryos fail to form hindlimb buds; in contrast, forelimb morphology remains unaffected
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant embryos display a disorganized neural floor plate and loss of a basement membrane in the neural tube
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• at 10.5, some mutant embryos show almost complete loss of the neural floor plate
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant embryos display a poorly formed or absent notochord
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• at 9.5 dpc, mutant embryos display reduced numbers of somites relative to wild-type embryos
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growth/size/body
| N |
• Background Sensitivity: associated phenotypes do not appear after a cross with C57BL/6J mice
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant myocardia appear dilated relative to wild-type; however, vascularization and blood distribution appear unaffected
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• at 10.5 dpc, the size of homozygous mutant embryos is ~50% of normal size
• at 11.5 dpc, the size of homozygous mutant embryos is ~25% of normal size
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cardiovascular system
| N |
• Background Sensitivity: associated phenotypes do not appear after a cross with C57BL/6J mice
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant hearts appear similar to the two-chambered hearts of earlier-stage embryos
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant embryos exhibit a thin myocardium (typically one cell in thickness); in contrast, the pericardium and endocardium remain normal
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant hearts fail to loop and form the four-chambers, thus resembling 8.5-dpc two-chambered hearts with a bulbus cordis and a ventricular chamber
• no significant apoptosis is observed in mutant hearts relative to wild-type hearts
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant myocardia appear dilated relative to wild-type; however, vascularization and blood distribution appear unaffected
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limbs/digits/tail
| N |
• Background Sensitivity: associated phenotypes do not appear after a cross with C57BL/6J mice
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant embryos fail to form hindlimb buds; in contrast, forelimb morphology remains unaffected
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nervous system
| N |
• Background Sensitivity: associated phenotypes do not appear after a cross with C57BL/6J mice
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• at 10.5, the floor plate of the neural tube exhibits significant apoptosis at the lumbar and thoracic levels; however, decreased neuron numbers are noted at all levels
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant embryos show varying degrees of disorganization in neural structures
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant embryos display a disorganized neural floor plate and loss of a basement membrane in the neural tube
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• at 10.5, some mutant embryos show almost complete loss of the neural floor plate
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muscle
| N |
• Background Sensitivity: associated phenotypes do not appear after a cross with C57BL/6J mice
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant embryos exhibit a thin myocardium (typically one cell in thickness); in contrast, the pericardium and endocardium remain normal
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant embryos show varying degrees of disorganization in dermamyotomal structures; the myotome is reduced to a small rudiment
• at this stage, reduced numbers of myotomal myocytes are noted at all levels
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cellular
| N |
• Background Sensitivity: associated phenotypes do not appear after a cross with C57BL/6J mice
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant embryos exhibit increased apoptosis in the neural tube, dorsal root ganglia, dermamyotome, midgut, urogenital ridge, optic vesicle and optic stalk, as well as in the facial acoustic neural crest complex
• in contrast, little or no apoptosis is noted in the mesonephros, lung bud, foregut, and hepatic primordia
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• at 10.5, the floor plate of the neural tube exhibits significant apoptosis at the lumbar and thoracic levels; however, decreased neuron numbers are noted at all levels
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant embryos show varying degrees of disorganization in neural structures
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• at 10.5 dpc, mutant embryos show a >2-fold increase in the number of proliferative cells in the telencephalon, diencephalon, and the neural tube relative wild-type
• in contrast, mutant cardiac muscle contains 1.6-fold fewer proliferative cells; no differences are observed in the branchial arches
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