Phenotypes associated with this allele

• Allele Symbol: Grid2^Lc
• Allele Name: lurcher
• Allele ID: MGI:1857337
• Summary: 6 genotypes

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
hm1	Grid2^Lc/Grid2^Lc	B6CBACa A^w-J/A-Grid2^Lc/J	MGI:3581156
ht2	Grid2^Lc/Grid2^+	B6CBACa A^w-J/A-Grid2^Lc/J	MGI:3581157
ht3	Grid2^Lc/Grid2^+	involves: C57BL/6 * CBA	MGI:4820961
ht4	Grid2^Lc/Grid2^+	involves: C57BL/6 * CBA/CaGnLe	MGI:4944053
ht5	Grid2^Lc/Grid2^+	involves: STOCK Mitf^Mi-wh	MGI:4441339
ht6	Grid2^Lc/Grid2^ho-Nancy	involves: C57BL/6 * STOCK Mitf^Mi-wh	MGI:2655345

Genotype
MGI:3581156

hm1

• Allelic Composition: Grid2^Lc/Grid2^Lc
• Genetic Background: B6CBACa A^w-J/A-Grid2^Lc/J

• ♀: phenotype observed in females
• ♂: phenotype observed in males
• N: normal phenotype

mortality/aging

neonatal lethality, complete penetrance ( J:39109 )

• mice are dead or dying within the first 12 hours after birth

growth/size/body

decreased birth weight ( J:39109 )

• mice weigh significantly less than heterozygous or wild-type siblings at birth

• explained by lack of nutrition

nervous system

abnormal midbrain morphology ( J:39109 )

• there is a general loss of neurons between E15.5 and birth

abnormal hindbrain morphology ( J:39109 )

• there is a general loss of neurons between E15.5 and birth

abnormal cerebellum development ( J:39109 )

• conspicuous absence of Purkinje cells

abnormal trigeminal motor nucleus morphology ( J:39109 )

• there is a conspicuous absence of large neurons

• beginning at E15.5 large numbers of pyknotic cells are evident and an obvious increase in the number of pyknotic neurons in E16.5 mice is evident

• results in loss of muscle control required for suckling

• abnormalities occur after its formation

behavior/neurological

absent gastric milk in neonates ( J:39109 )

• no evidence of a milk spot in newborns is the only gross observation associated with death of pups

abnormal suckling behavior ( J:39109 )

• suckling is compromised by degeneration of trigeminal motor nucleus that controls required muscles

Genotype
MGI:3581157

ht2

• Allelic Composition: Grid2^Lc/Grid2⁺
• Genetic Background: B6CBACa A^w-J/A-Grid2^Lc/J

behavior/neurological

abnormal grooming behavior ( J:50315 )

• the number and duration of several grooming components (licking the forelimb, the abdomen, the back, and the hindlimb) is decreased compared to in wild-type mice

• however, the number and duration of body-shaking episodes is normal as is the serial organization of grooming

ataxia ( J:39109 )

• due to progressive loss of Purkinje cells

hearing/vestibular/ear

reduced linear vestibular evoked potential ( J:116914 )

• elevated threshold and reduced amplitudes

nervous system

Purkinje cell degeneration ( J:39109 )

• occurs within the first three weeks of life

Genotype
MGI:4820961

ht3

• Allelic Composition: Grid2^Lc/Grid2⁺
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6 * CBA

behavior/neurological

decreased exploration in new environment ( J:107881 )

• mice exhibit reduced hole pokes and frequency of hole poking compared with wild-type mice

• however, walking time is normal and exploration is normally decreased by cerebellectomization

hyperactivity ( J:107881 )

• mice exhibit increased spontaneous activity compared with wild-type mice

homeostasis/metabolism

increased circulating corticosterone level ( J:44206 )

• after 15 minutes, LPS-stressed mice exhibit a 1.8-fold increase in plasma corticosterone levels compared with similarly treated wild-type mice

• mice exposed to a novel environment exhibit a 2-fold increased corticosterone levels compared with similarly wild-type mice

• a IL1 receptor antagonist-treated mice treated with LPS or exposed to novelty exhibit increased corticosterone levels compared with similarly treated wild-type mice

• pre-treatment with corticotropin-releasing hormone attenuates the abnormal surge in corticosterone levels

• however, basal corticosterone levels are normal

increased circulating adrenocorticotropin level ( J:44206 )

• after 15 minutes, LPS-stressed mice exhibit an 8-fold increase in plasma adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) levels compared with similarly treated wild-type mice

• mice exposed to a novel environment exhibit a 3.5-fold increased ACTH levels compared with similarly wild-type mice

• a IL1 receptor antagonist-treated mice treated with LPS or exposed to novelty exhibit increased ACTH levels compared with similarly treated wild-type mice

• pre-treatment with corticotropin-releasing hormone attenuates the abnormal surge in ACTH levels

• however, basal ACTH levels are normal

Genotype
MGI:4944053

ht4

• Allelic Composition: Grid2^Lc/Grid2⁺
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6 * CBA/CaGnLe

behavior/neurological

abnormal optokinetic reflex ( J:101081 )

• do not display OKR adaptation in response to continuous oscillation of a screen at 0.4 Hz +/- 1.8 degrees unlike wild-type mice

abnormal vestibuloocular reflex ( J:101081 )

• exhibit higher VOR dark (VORD) gains

• VORD phase differs from wild-type and Grid2 ^tm1Mim homozygous mice at rotations frequencies higher and lower than 0.4 Hz

• increases in VOR light with synchronously moving visual stimuli (VORS) gains at high frequencies or high amplitudes are larger than in wild-type controls

• adaptive changes to VORD gains from training are not seen, unlike in wild-type mice

hearing/vestibular/ear

abnormal vestibuloocular reflex ( J:101081 )

• exhibit higher VOR dark (VORD) gains

• VORD phase differs from wild-type and Grid2 ^tm1Mim homozygous mice at rotations frequencies higher and lower than 0.4 Hz

• increases in VOR light with synchronously moving visual stimuli (VORS) gains at high frequencies or high amplitudes are larger than in wild-type controls

• adaptive changes to VORD gains from training are not seen, unlike in wild-type mice

Genotype
MGI:4441339

ht5

• Allelic Composition: Grid2^Lc/Grid2⁺
• Genetic Background: involves: STOCK Mitf^Mi-wh

behavior/neurological

abnormal discrimination learning ( J:13161 )

• mice exhibit impaired visual discrimination learning in a water escape test compared with wild-type mice

abnormal spatial learning ( J:30686 )

• mice exhibit impaired spatial learning in a Z-maze filled with water compared with wild-type mice

abnormal motor coordination/balance ( J:158918 )

• in an Erasmus ladder test step time and overall walking pattern are abnormal

ataxia ( J:158918 )

impaired coordination ( J:158918 )

• decrease in latency to fall of a rotarod

nervous system

abnormal cochlear VIII nucleus morphology ( J:121314 )

• loss of cartwheel cells in the dorsal cochlear nucleus

decreased Purkinje cell number ( J:121314 )

• Purkinje cell loss

Genotype
MGI:2655345

ht6

• Allelic Composition: Grid2^Lc/Grid2^ho-Nancy
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6 * STOCK Mitf^Mi-wh

behavior/neurological

ataxia ( J:82240 )

nervous system

abnormal cerebellum development ( J:82240 )

• the P0 cerebellum is less developed than in the control

reduced cerebellar foliation ( J:82240 )

• decreased foliation at P5

thin external granule cell layer ( J:82240 )

• external granule cell layer are almost completely absent at P10 and thickness is reduced at P5

abnormal Purkinje cell morphology ( J:82240 )

• depolarization of Purkinje cells is detected at P9 but not earlier; holding currents are significantly larger at P9-P12

• autophagy is detected in P5 Purkinje cells

Purkinje cell degeneration ( J:82240 )

• Purkinje cell degeneration by P5 that is not correlated with depolarization in the cerebellum (first observed at P9)

abnormal cerebellar granule layer morphology ( J:82240 )

• internal granule cell layer is almost completely absent at P10 and thickness is reduced at P5

cerebellum atrophy ( J:82240 )

• cerebellum is atrophic at P21

cellular

abnormal autophagy ( J:82240 )

• autophagy is detected in P5 Purkinje cells

homeostasis/metabolism

abnormal autophagy ( J:82240 )

• autophagy is detected in P5 Purkinje cells