SM/J

Inbr (J) 112. White-bellied agouti or black A^w/a or a/a. Origin: MacArthur, 1939 by crossing seven stocks including DBA and selecting for small body size. To Runner 1948, who began b x s mating. Small body size at birth and weaning, but this relatively small size tends to disappear as the animals mature. Very low tumour incidence. Carries a number of relatively rare polymorphic alleles. Maint. by A,J.

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Characteristics

Intermediate life-span in conventional conditions (13/22 = 572 days in males, 14/22 = 591 days in females). Low gross tumour incidence (20/22) (Storer, 1966). Life-span, sexes combined, 422 days (Chai, 1959). High incidence of amyloidosis (Russell and Meier, 1966). High porphyrin content of Harderian gland (4/16) (Margolis, 1971). High spermatazoal beta-glucuronidase activity (2/9) (Erickson, 1976). Low brain weight in males (15/18) (Storer, 1969). Large brain/body weight ratio (4/20) (Roderick et al., 1973., 1973). Susceptible to skin ulceration by DMBA (cf. 13/22) (Thomas et al., 1973., 1973). Long survival on Warfarin (10/12) (Lush and Arnold, 1975). Low lymphocyte phytohaemagglutinin response (39/43) (Heiniger et al., 1975., 1975). Susceptible to the development of atherosclerosis on a semi-synthetic high fat diet but in contrast with C57BL/6 and SWR they had the same level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels as on chow and high fat diets (3/9) (Nishina et al, 1993). A diet containing 15% dairy fat, 1% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid did not cause a high incidence of cholesterol gallstones (like AKR, DBA/2 contrast C57L, SWR, A) (Faulkner et al, 1995). Small body weight which differs from that of the large strain LG/J as a result of about seven quantitative trait loci at one week and 17 loci at 10 weeks of age. Each locus has a small effect (Cheverud et al, 1996).

SM/JH

Inbr ? +16 (H). White-bellied agouti substrain A^w/A^w. Chai to Bateman (Edinburgh) 1958, to Dickinson 1961, to Lush in early 1970's, to Peters (Harwell), to Nash, to Peters again in 1979. Identical wth SM/J at seventeen loci, but differs in being Gpi1^b while SM/J is Gpi1^a. This is believed to be due to residual heterozygosity or mutation rather than genetic contamination (Peters and Lyon 1986).

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Chai C. K. (1959) Lifespan in inbred and hybrid mice. J. Hered. 50, 203-208.

Cheverud J. M., Routman E. J., Duarte F. A. M., Van Swinderen B., Cothran K., and Perel C. (1996) Quantitative trait loci for murine growth. Genetics 142, 1305-1319.

Erickson R. P. (1976) Strain variation in spermatazoal -glucuronidase in mice. Genet. Res. 28, 139-145.

Faulkner C. B., Davidson M. K., Davis J. K., Schoeb T. R., Simecka J. W., and Lindsey J. R. (1995) Acute Mycoplasma pulmonis infection associated with coagulopathy in C3H/HeN mice. Lab. Animal Sci. 45, 368-372.

Heiniger H. J., Taylor B. A., Hards E. J., and Meier H. (1975) Heritability of the phytohaemagglutinin responsiveness of lymphocytes and its relationship to leukemogenesis. Cancer Res. 35, 825-831.

Lush I. E. and Arnold C. J. (1975) High coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity does not protect mice against Warfarin. Heredity 35, 279-281.

Margolis F. L. (1971) Regulation of porphyrin biosynthesis in the Harderian gland of inbred mouse strains. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 145, 373-381.

Nishina P. M., Wang J., Toyofuku W., Kuypers F. A., Ishida B. Y., and Paigen B. (1993) Atherosclerosis and plasma and liver lipids in nine inbred strains of mice. Lipids 28, 599-605.

Peters J. and Lyon M. F. (1986) New substrain of SM, SM/JH. Mouse N.L. 76, 6.

Roderick T. H., Wimer R. E., Wimer C. C., and Schwartzkroin P. A. (1973) Genetic and phenotypic variation in weight of brain and spinal cord between inbred strains of mice. Brain Res. 64, 345-353.

Russell E. S. and Meier H. (1966) Constitutional diseases, in Biology of the Laboratory Mouse, 2nd. ed. (Green E. L., ed), pp. 571-587. McGraw-Hill, New York.

Storer J. B. (1966) Longevity and gross pathology at death in 22 inbred strains of mice. J. Gerontol. 21, 404-409.

Thomas P. E., Hutton J. J., and Taylor B. A. (1973) Genetic relationship between aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inducibility and chemical carcinogen induced skin ulceration in mice. Genetics 74, 655-659.

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INBRED STRAINS OF MICE
Updated 9 Apr. 1998
Michael FW Festing
MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building,
University of Leicester, UK