Go Annotations as Summary Text (Tabular View) (GO Graph)

GO curators for mouse genes have assigned the following annotations to the gene product of Nr3c1. (This text reflects annotations as of Wednesday, January 23, 2013.)

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Summary from NCBI RefSeq

[Summary is not available for the mouse gene. This summary is for the human ortholog.] This gene encodes glucocorticoid receptor, which can function both as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements in the promoters of glucocorticoid responsive genes to activate their transcription, and as a regulator of other transcription factors. This receptor is typically found in the cytoplasm, but upon ligand binding, is transported into the nucleus. It is involved in inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation, and differentiation in target tissues. Mutations in this gene are associated with generalized glucocorticoid resistance. Alternative splicing of this gene results in transcript variants encoding either the same or different isoforms. Additional isoforms resulting from the use of alternate in-frame translation initiation sites have also been described, and shown to be functional, displaying diverse cytoplasm-to-nucleus trafficking patterns and distinct transcriptional activities (PMID:15866175). [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in mouse

• Researchers have inferred from direct assay, that the gene product of Nr3c1
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway ^{[10, 12, 13]}
    • glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway ^[10]
    • regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent ^[9]
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • DNA binding ^[7]
    • glucocorticoid receptor activity ^{[10, 12, 13]}
    • protein dimerization activity ^[6]
    • sequence-specific DNA binding ^[6]
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • cytosol ^[12]
    • intracellular ^[13]
    • membrane ^[13]
    • nucleus ^{[7, 11, 12]}
• The gene product of Nr3c1 has been shown to bind to the gene products of Dync1i1, Fkbp4, Fkbp5, Hsp90ab1, Ncor2. ^{[4, 5, 7]}
• Researchers have inferred, based on phenotypic analysis of mouse mutants, that the gene product of Nr3c1
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • adrenal gland development ^[2]
    • glucocorticoid metabolic process ^[3]
    • glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway ^{[2, 9]}
    • mammary gland duct morphogenesis ^[8]
    • regulation of glucocorticoid biosynthetic process ^[2]
    • regulation of gluconeogenesis ^[2]
• Researchers have inferred, based on genetic interactions, that the gene product of Nr3c1
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process based on interactions with Bax ^[1]

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in other organisms

• From comparative sequence analysis (see table for details), MGI curators have determined that the gene product of Nr3c1:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus
    • chromatin remodeling
    • chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription
    • negative regulation of apoptotic process
    • negative regulation of synaptic plasticity
    • negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
    • negative regulation of vascular permeability
    • positive regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development
    • positive regulation of dendritic spine development
    • positive regulation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway
    • positive regulation of glutamate secretion
    • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
    • regulation of cell proliferation
    • regulation of glucose metabolic process
    • regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
    • response to arsenic-containing substance
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • chromatin binding
    • double-stranded DNA binding
    • glucocorticoid receptor activity
    • heat shock protein binding
    • hormone binding
    • Hsp70 protein binding
    • Hsp90 protein binding
    • protein complex binding
    • protein heterodimerization activity
    • protein homodimerization activity
    • receptor tyrosine kinase binding
    • RNA polymerase II regulatory region DNA binding
    • sequence-specific DNA binding
    • sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
    • steroid binding
    • transcription coactivator activity
    • transcription factor binding
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • cytoplasm
    • dendritic spine
    • neuron projection
    • nucleus
    • postsynaptic density
    • protein complex

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by structural data

• Nr3c1 encodes a protein or proteins that contain the following InterPro domains: Glucocorticoid receptor, Nuclear hormone receptor, ligand-binding, Nuclear hormone receptor, ligand-binding, core, Steroid hormone receptor, Zinc finger, NHR/GATA-type, Zinc finger, nuclear hormone receptor-type, indicating that the gene product:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • steroid hormone receptor activity
    • zinc ion binding

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Summary text for additional MGI annotations

• Automated translation to GO terms of SwissProt keywords that describe Nr3c1 indicates that it:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • chromatin modification
    • transcription, DNA-dependent
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • lipid binding
    • metal ion binding

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References

1. Almeida OF et al. (2000) Subtle shifts in the ratio between pro- and antiapoptotic molecules after activation of corticosteroid receptors decide neuronal fate. FASEB J, 14:779-90. (PubMed:10744634)
2. Cole TJ et al. (1995) Targeted disruption of the glucocorticoid receptor gene blocks adrenergic chromaffin cell development and severely retards lung maturation. Genes Dev, 9:1608-21. (PubMed:7628695)
3. Cole TJ et al. (1999) The glucocorticoid receptor is essential for maintaining basal and dexamethasone-induced repression of the murine corticosteroid-binding globulin gene. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 154:29-36. (PubMed:10509797)
4. Davies TH et al. (2002) A new first step in activation of steroid receptors: hormone-induced switching of FKBP51 and FKBP52 immunophilins. J Biol Chem, 277:4597-600. (PubMed:11751894)
5. Gonzalez MI et al. (2002) Androgen receptor interactions with Oct-1 and Brn-1 are physically and functionally distinct. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 190:39-49. (PubMed:11997177)
6. Jaskoll T et al. (1994) Glucocorticoids, TGF-beta, and embryonic mouse salivary gland morphogenesis. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol, 14:217-30. (PubMed:7883868)
7. Ki SH et al. (2005) Glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-associated SMRT binding to C/EBPbeta TAD and Nrf2 Neh4/5: role of SMRT recruited to GR in GSTA2 gene repression. Mol Cell Biol, 25:4150-65. (PubMed:15870285)
8. Kingsley-Kallesen M et al. (2002) The mineralocorticoid receptor may compensate for the loss of the glucocorticoid receptor at specific stages of mammary gland development. Mol Endocrinol, 16:2008-18. (PubMed:12198239)
9. Pazirandeh A et al. (1999) Paracrine glucocorticoid activity produced by mouse thymic epithelial cells. FASEB J, 13:893-901. (PubMed:10224232)
10. Sitz JH et al. (2004) Dyrk1A potentiates steroid hormone-induced transcription via the chromatin remodeling factor Arip4. Mol Cell Biol, 24:5821-34. (PubMed:15199138)
11. Sutherland HG et al. (2001) Large-scale identification of mammalian proteins localized to nuclear sub-compartments. Hum Mol Genet, 10:1995-2011. (PubMed:11555636)
12. Tomomura M et al. (1994) Abnormal gene expression and regulation in the liver of jvs mice with systemic carnitine deficiency. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1226:307-14. (PubMed:7914432)
13. Van Houten N et al. (1997) Elevated expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-x by intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes: resistance to apoptosis by glucocorticoids and irradiation. Int Immunol, 9:945-53. (PubMed:9237103)

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Gene Ontology Evidence Code Abbreviations:

EXP Inferred from experiment

IC Inferred by curator

IDA Inferred from direct assay

IEA Inferred from electronic annotation

IGI Inferred from genetic interaction

IMP Inferred from mutant phenotype

IPI Inferred from physical interaction

ISS Inferred from sequence or structural similarity

ISO Inferred from sequence orthology

ISA Inferred from sequence alignment

ISM Inferred from sequence model

NAS Non-traceable author statement

ND No biological data available

RCA Reviewed computational analysis

TAS Traceable author statement

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