Go Annotations as Summary Text (Tabular View) (GO Graph)

GO curators for mouse genes have assigned the following annotations to the gene product of Nrxn1. (This text reflects annotations as of Wednesday, August 14, 2013.)

---

Summary from NCBI RefSeq

[Summary is not available for the mouse gene. This summary is for the human ortholog.] Neurexins function in the vertebrate nervous system as cell adhesion molecules and receptors. Two neurexin genes are among the largest known in human (NRXN1 and NRXN3). By using alternate promoters, splice sites and exons, predictions of hundreds or even thousands of distinct mRNAs have been made. Most transcripts use the upstream promoter and encode alpha-neurexin isoforms; fewer transcripts are produced from the downstream promoter and encode beta-neurexin isoforms. Alpha-neurexins contain epidermal growth factor-like (EGF-like) sequences and laminin G domains, and they interact with neurexophilins. Beta-neurexins lack EGF-like sequences and contain fewer laminin G domains than alpha-neurexins. The RefSeq Project has decided to create only a few representative transcript variants of the multitude that are possible. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

---

Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in mouse

• Researchers have inferred from direct assay, that the gene product of Nrxn1
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion ^[3]
    • establishment of protein localization ^[3]
    • gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor clustering ^[6]
    • gephyrin clustering ^{[5, 6]}
    • guanylate kinase-associated protein clustering ^[6]
    • heterophilic cell-cell adhesion ^[3]
    • N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor clustering ^[6]
    • negative regulation of filopodium assembly ^[1]
    • neuroligin clustering ^{[5, 6]}
    • neuron cell-cell adhesion ^[3]
    • positive regulation of establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane ^[7]
    • positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential ^[7]
    • positive regulation of synapse maturation ^[2]
    • positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic ^[7]
    • postsynaptic density protein 95 clustering ^{[5, 6]}
    • postsynaptic membrane assembly ^{[5, 6]}
    • presynaptic membrane assembly ^[3]
    • protein localization to synapse ^[3]
    • receptor localization to synapse ^[6]
    • regulation of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate selective glutamate receptor activity ^{[1, 7]}
    • regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate selective glutamate receptor activity ^[7]
    • synaptic vesicle clustering ^[3]
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • acetylcholine receptor binding ^[2]
    • calcium-dependent protein binding ^[7]
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • axonal growth cone ^[3]
    • cell surface ^{[5, 7]}
    • presynaptic membrane ^[9]
• The gene product of Nrxn1 has been shown to bind to the gene products of Cbln1, Cbln2, Cbln4. ^{[8, 10]} Researchers have inferred, based on physical interactions, that the gene product of Nrxn1
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • cell adhesion molecule binding ^{[3, 5, 7]}
    • neuroligin family protein binding ^{[3, 5, 7]}
• Researchers have inferred, based on phenotypic analysis of mouse mutants, that the gene product of Nrxn1
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • adult behavior ^[4]
    • learning ^[4]
    • neuromuscular process controlling balance ^[4]
    • positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential ^[4]
    • positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic ^[4]
    • prepulse inhibition ^[4]
    • regulation of grooming behavior ^[4]
• Researchers have inferred, based on genetic interactions, that the gene product of Nrxn1
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • neurotransmitter secretion based on interactions with Nrxn2, Nrxn3 ^[9]
    • positive regulation of synapse assembly based on interactions with Cbln1, Cbln2 ^[8]
    • synapse assembly based on interactions with Nrxn2, Nrxn3 ^[9]
    • synaptic transmission based on interactions with Nrxn2, Nrxn3 ^[9]
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • calcium channel regulator activity based on interactions with Nrxn2, Nrxn3 ^[9]
• Based on the experimental annotations above, MGI curators have inferred, that the gene product of Nrxn1
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • excitatory synapse ^[6]
    • inhibitory synapse ^[6]
    • plasma membrane ^[5]

---

Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in other organisms

• From comparative sequence analysis (see table for details), MGI curators have determined that the gene product of Nrxn1:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • face morphogenesis
    • pigmentation
    • protein heterotetramerization
    • social behavior
    • vocalization behavior
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • calcium ion binding
    • cell adhesion molecule binding
    • neuroligin family protein binding
    • receptor binding
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • cell surface
    • endocytic vesicle
    • plasma membrane

---

Summary text for additional MGI annotations

• Automated translation to GO terms of SwissProt keywords that describe Nrxn1 indicates that it:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • angiogenesis
    • cell adhesion
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • metal ion binding
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • cell junction
    • integral to membrane
    • membrane
    • synapse

---

References

1. Chen SX et al. (2010) Neurexin-neuroligin cell adhesion complexes contribute to synaptotropic dendritogenesis via growth stabilization mechanisms in vivo. Neuron, 67:967-83. (PubMed:20869594)
2. Cheng SB et al. (2009) Presynaptic targeting of alpha4beta 2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors is regulated by neurexin-1beta. J Biol Chem, 284:23251-9. (PubMed:19567877)
3. Dean C et al. (2003) Neurexin mediates the assembly of presynaptic terminals. Nat Neurosci, 6:708-16. (PubMed:12796785)
4. Etherton MR et al. (2009) Mouse neurexin-1alpha deletion causes correlated electrophysiological and behavioral changes consistent with cognitive impairments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 106:17998-8003. (PubMed:19822762)
5. Gauthier J et al. (2011) Truncating mutations in NRXN2 and NRXN1 in autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. Hum Genet, null:null. (PubMed:21424692)
6. Graf ER et al. (2004) Neurexins induce differentiation of GABA and glutamate postsynaptic specializations via neuroligins. Cell, 119:1013-26. (PubMed:15620359)
7. Heine M et al. (2008) Activity-independent and subunit-specific recruitment of functional AMPA receptors at neurexin/neuroligin contacts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 105:20947-52. (PubMed:19098102)
8. Joo JY et al. (2011) Differential interactions of cerebellin precursor protein (Cbln) subtypes and neurexin variants for synapse formation of cortical neurons. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 406:627-32. (PubMed:21356198)
9. Missler M et al. (2003) Alpha-neurexins couple Ca2+ channels to synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Nature, 423:939-48. (PubMed:12827191)
10. Uemura T et al. (2010) Trans-synaptic interaction of GluRdelta2 and Neurexin through Cbln1 mediates synapse formation in the cerebellum. Cell, 141:1068-79. (PubMed:20537373)

---

---

Gene Ontology Evidence Code Abbreviations:

EXP Inferred from experiment

IC Inferred by curator

IDA Inferred from direct assay

IEA Inferred from electronic annotation

IGI Inferred from genetic interaction

IMP Inferred from mutant phenotype

IPI Inferred from physical interaction

ISS Inferred from sequence or structural similarity

ISO Inferred from sequence orthology

ISA Inferred from sequence alignment

ISM Inferred from sequence model

NAS Non-traceable author statement

ND No biological data available

RCA Reviewed computational analysis

TAS Traceable author statement

---