mortality/aging
• mice that survive after birth die before weaning
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• pups are rarely found alive after birth
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growth/size/body
• pectus excavatum characterized by a caved-in or sunken appearance of the chest and dysplasia of tracheal cartilage
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• dwarfism
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respiratory system
• dysplasia of tracheal cartilage
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skeleton
• cartilaginous dysplasia of the long bones, ribs, and tracheal cartilage
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• dysplasia of tracheal cartilage
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• disruption of columnar structure of proliferative chondrocytes, especially in the middle of the growth plate
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• tibia shows reduced cartilage mineralization
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