mortality/aging
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• die within 3 weeks of birth
• born at expected ratios
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cardiovascular system
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• clusters of degenerating cardiomyocytes with extensive vacuolation in areas of replacement fibrosis
• myofibrils and mitochondria exclusively at the cell periphery of cardiomyocytes
• no gross cardiac anomalies at birth
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• heart body ratio is significantly increased starting at day 14
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• ventricular function severely impaired at 18 days of age
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• fractional shortening in ventricles is 12.9% compared to 27.7% for controls at 18 days of age
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muscle
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• fractional shortening in ventricles is 12.9% compared to 27.7% for controls at 18 days of age
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Analysis Tools