growth/size/body
• at birth and during early postnatal development, there is a slight body weight difference
• the biggest differences occur at 21 days of age
• later in life males have bigger body weight differences than females
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nervous system
• apoptosis among neural progenitors is increased during embryonic brain development
• apoptosis is noted in the frontal cortex at E12.5 and in the pons at E10.5 and E12.5
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• brain weight is less than controls from 2 days of age to 1 year in age
• the biggest differences occur at 21 days of age
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• the stratium area is smaller at 2 days of age than controls and becomes even smaller at 21 days of age
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• the entire thickness of the primary somatosensory cortex is reduced to less than 85% of controls
• layers II through IV are more dramatically affected (reduced by less 60% of controls in layer IV) than layers V-VI (reduced by 92% of controls)
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• the cerebral cortex is thinner at 2 days of age than controls and becomes even thinner at 21 days of age
• at 2 days of age, the cerebral cortex is 58% smaller than controls which is more affected than other parts of the brain
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• olfactory bulb is 82% of controls at 2 days of age
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• the SVZ area is smaller at 2 days of age than controls and becomes even smaller at 21 days of age
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• apoptosis among neural progenitors is increased during embryonic brain development
• proliferation of neural progenitors is not changed so presumably there are less progenitor cells in the developing brain
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cellular
• apoptosis among neural progenitors is increased during embryonic brain development
• apoptosis is noted in the frontal cortex at E12.5 and in the pons at E10.5 and E12.5
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