Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• less affected mice survive up to 2.5 months
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• severely affected mutants die within a few days of birth
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growth/size/body
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• newborn mice appear normal but by P7 are stunted with respect to growth compared to wild-type lettermates
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integument
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• at P7 mice lack external hair growth
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• hair shaft structures are underdeveloped, and hair shafts do not extend beyond the level of the epidermis
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• the hair bulbs are smaller than those in controls
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• in newborn skin, follicle growth is stunted
• secondary hair follicles fail to extend into the dermis
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• when viewed from the dermal aspect, hair follicles are misangled and fail to display the normal anterior-posterior polarity seen in control skin
• by P7, mutant hair follicles are misangled and wavy
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• by P49 hair follicles have degenerated in large stretches of mutant skin and have been replaced by cyst structures or clumps of disorganized epithelial cells
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• hair follicle proliferation is reduced in newborns
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• the skin of mutants displays evaginating dermal cells which are engulfed by epidermal cells
• at P7 epidermal proliferation is increased compared with controls
• the epidermis is expanded compared to controls at P7 and is that way at P49
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• at P49 and P63, mutant epidermis is thickened with increased numbers of basal and suprabasal layers
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