mortality/aging
• because of breathing difficulties few mutants survive beyond 3.5 months of age
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neoplasm
craniofacial
• agenesis of the rostral premaxilla is seen
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• hypoplasia of the lacrimal bone is seen
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• a narrowed nose is seen
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• the nasal turbinates are underdeveloped
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growth/size/body
• a narrowed nose is seen
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• the nasal turbinates are underdeveloped
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• at 3 weeks of age mutants weigh less than one-third of wild-type littermates
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• severe growth retardation is seen by 3 weeks of age
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muscle
• myofiber diameter is reduced
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• muscle mass is reduced
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• the number of satellite cells is reduced
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• myofiber density is increased
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respiratory system
• a narrowed nose is seen
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• the nasal turbinates are underdeveloped
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skeleton
• agenesis of the rostral premaxilla is seen
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• hypoplasia of the lacrimal bone is seen
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• the nasal turbinates are underdeveloped
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