Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• 68% survival after 10 wks
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growth/size/body
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• mutants are smaller than wild-type; femur length is 1.46 cm in adult mutants and 1.55 cm in wild-type adult animals, whereas length is 1.46 cm in 6-week old wild-type
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• reduced weight apparent by 1 week of age with a 44% reduction in body weight relative to wild-type by 8 weeks
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• homozygotes exhibit slower rate of weight gain than wild-type mice, and remain lighter than wild-type through 10 weeks of age
(J:31328)
• mutant mice raised by foster mothers exhibited slower rates of growth than wild-type mice
(J:41856)
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behavior/neurological
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• mutants show impaired learning in radial arm maze tests
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• time spent in central compartment is decreased by 87.5% and time per visit is decreased by 86.1% relative to wild-type
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• 5adult (18-24 weeks of age) mice tend to spend slightly less time on the rotating rod than wild-type, and acquisition of maximal performance appears to be slower in mutant animals
• in a pole test, mutants display dramatically impaired performance on the T-turn (time increased 692%) and the T-total (time increased 552%) compared to wild-type
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• decrease in both fore- and hind-limb stride lengths (decrease of 18.1% and 15.4% respectively) is observed relative to adult mice; stride lengths are significantly different from 6-week old wild-type mice, showing that femur length is not cause for difference.
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• 29.2% fewer rearing movements relative to wild-type
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• naive homozygous mice exhibit highly elevated spontaneous locomotor activity, with a 2-fold increased half-time of habituation, and are 5-6-fold more active during both phases of the light-dark cycle compared to wild-type
(J:31328)
• mice exhibit spontaneous hyperlocomotor activity similar to that displayed by wild-type mice administered maximal doses of cocaine or amphetamine
(J:31328)
• in novel environment, animals exhibit much higher activity levels than wild-type, and show little habituation after 4 hours whereas wild-type habituate in 20-40 minutes
(J:79011)
• hyperactivity was suppressed by the administration of psychostimulants
(J:79011)
• mice show hyperactivity with increased velocity and distance traveled compared to wild-type
(J:109373)
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• females show impaired maternal behavior such that offspring survival partially dependent on transfer to foster mother
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nervous system
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• reduced density and distribution of lactotrophs and somatotrophs
• unaffected density and distribution of thyrotrophs and gonadotrophs
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• selective decrease in pituitary
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• selective decrease in pituitary
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• at 4 and 8 weeks of age, anterior lobe is ~50% of normal weight
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• at 4 and 8 weeks of age, intermediate lobe is ~50% of normal weight
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• growth hormone-releasing hormone, GHRH content in pituitary is decreased by 43% relative to wild-type mice
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• 85% reduction in level of prolactin in pituitary gland, though plasma prolactin levels were normal
• 70% reduction in level of growth hormone in pituitary gland, though plasma growth hormone levels were normal
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• decreased number of dopa decarboxylase- and tyrosine hydroxylase-labeled neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area is detected
(J:59670)
• small, significant decrease in neuronal density in anterior striatum is seen compared to wild-type
(J:109373)
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• reduced density and distribution of lactotrophs and somatotrophs
• unaffected density and distribution of thyrotrophs and gonadotrophs
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• selective decrease in pituitary
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• selective decrease in pituitary
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• at 4 and 8 weeks of age, anterior lobe is ~50% of normal weight
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• at 4 and 8 weeks of age, intermediate lobe is ~50% of normal weight
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• growth hormone-releasing hormone, GHRH content in pituitary is decreased by 43% relative to wild-type mice
|
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• 85% reduction in level of prolactin in pituitary gland, though plasma prolactin levels were normal
• 70% reduction in level of growth hormone in pituitary gland, though plasma growth hormone levels were normal
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• females cannot lactate postpartum
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skeleton
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• reduction in the length of long bones
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integument
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• females cannot lactate postpartum
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• evoked release of dopamine from caudate brain slices produces an extracellular concentration of 1.1 um compared to 4.1 um in wild-type slices
(J:31328)
• pituitary dopamine content is decreased by ~35% and hypothalamic tissue dopamine content is reduced by 30% relative to wild-type
(J:41856)
• level of dopamine in ventral midbrain and striatum is extensively decreased
(J:59670)
• dopamine persists in the extracellular space 300 times longer than in wild-type mice, but extracellular levels are only 5-fold greater than in wild-type
(J:79010)
• 95% reduction of intracellular dopamine and 75% reduction in release, but rate of synthesis is doubled
(J:79010)
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Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
| attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | DOID:1094 |
OMIM:143465 OMIM:608903 OMIM:608904 OMIM:608905 OMIM:608906 OMIM:612311 OMIM:612312 |
J:79011 | |
| schizophrenia | DOID:5419 |
OMIM:181500 |
J:31328 | |
