mortality/aging
• normal numbers of homozygotes at E13.5
• reduced frequency of homozygotes at 3 weeks of age
• about 1/3 of those born die within the first 3 weeks of life
|
growth/size/body
• small at birth
|
• development after birth is slow, particularly for males
• female weights between 3 and 8 weeks of age are similar to controls while males remain small
|
behavior/neurological
• mice that die in the first 3 weeks of life characteristically lack milk in their stomachs
|
limb grasping
(
J:63444
)
• about 10% exhibit an abnormal clasping reflex when lifted by their tails
|
renal/urinary system
• chronic obstructive uropathy in about 1/3 of males
|
reproductive system
• genital swelling in about 1/3 of males
|
• dilated
|
immune system
• 35% as many thymocytes found as in controls
|
• T lymphocytes have a higher proliferative capacity than controls
|
neoplasm
• low but elevated tumor incidence in the first year
(J:63444)
• wide variety of tumor types
(J:63444)
• spontaneous lethal tumors develop with a high level of frequency in the second year of life, mean latency 83 weeks
(J:72617)
|
• very susceptible to tumor induction by either ionizing radiation or dimethylbenzanthracene
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
• 35% as many thymocytes found as in controls
|
• dilated
|
hematopoietic system
• 35% as many thymocytes found as in controls
|
• T lymphocytes have a higher proliferative capacity than controls
|
nervous system