Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• homozygotes die before E10.5
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embryo
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• at E8.5, homozygotes display severe disruption of embryonic development
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• mutant embryos exhibit an aberrant and retarded gastrulation process
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• at E8.5, the mutant embryonic ectoderm varies from a thin sphere at the center to a thicker columnar epithelial tube
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• at E6.5-E8.5, homozygotes exhibit increased cell death in the embryonic ectoderm, esp. in the posterior region of the embryo
• in contrast, little cell death is noted in mutant embryonic mesoderm or endoderm
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• at E5.5, homozygotes appear morphologically normal; however, starting at E6.5, mutant embryos are often smaller, displaying a growth delay of ~24 hrs
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• at E7.5, mutant embryonic cavities appear to be less expanded than wild-type
• at E8.5, the mutant embryonic portion is often distorted in shape, appearing as a small sphere or ovoid in the distal region
• by E10.5, mutant embryos are composed primarily of extraembryonic tissues, giant trophoblast cells, parietal endoderm, and a small yolk sac; the embryonic region has degenerated
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• at E7.5, mutant embryos lack an identifiable mesoderm and remain as a two-layered cylinder of ectoderm and endoderm similar to wild-type embryos at E6.5
• by E8.5, a third layer is present but appears largely abnormal; mesoderm differentiation is delayed by ~24 hrs
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• homozygotes exhibit a delay of ~24 hrs in primitive streak and node formation
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• at E8.5, the mutant extraembryonic region appears as a large mass of tissues with relatively small cavities
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• at E7.5 and E8.5, mutant embryos lack a clearly identifiable allantois
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absent amnion
(
J:21129
)
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• at E7.5 and E8.5, mutant embryos lack a clearly identifiable amnion
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• at E7.5 and E8.5, mutant embryos lack a clearly identifiable chorion
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• by E10.5, mutant embryos exhibit a small yolk sac
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growth/size/body
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• at E5.5, homozygotes appear morphologically normal; however, starting at E6.5, mutant embryos are often smaller, displaying a growth delay of ~24 hrs
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cellular
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• at E6.5-E8.5, homozygotes exhibit increased cell death in the embryonic ectoderm, esp. in the posterior region of the embryo
• in contrast, little cell death is noted in mutant embryonic mesoderm or endoderm
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