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Phenotypes associated with this allele
Allele Symbol
Allele Name
Allele ID
Ap3b1pe
pearl
MGI:1856989
Summary 6 genotypes
Jump to Allelic Composition Genetic Background Genotype ID
hm1
Ap3b1pe/Ap3b1pe B6.C3-Ap3b1pe/J MGI:3702286
hm2
Ap3b1pe/Ap3b1pe involves: C3H/He MGI:2655702
hm3
Ap3b1pe/Ap3b1pe involves: C3H/He * C57BL/6J MGI:3702282
ht4
Ap3b1pe/Ap3b1pe-6J (B6.C3-Ap3b1pe x C3H/HeJ-Ap3b1pe-6J)F1 MGI:5315726
ht5
Ap3b1pe/Ap3b1pe-9J (B6.C3-Ap3b1pe x C57BL/6J-Ap3b1pe-9J)F1 MGI:5315768
cx6
Ap3b1pe/Ap3b1pe
Hps1ep/Hps1ep
involves: C3H/He * C3HeB/FeJ * C57BL/6J MGI:3586968


Genotype
MGI:3702286
hm1
Allelic
Composition
Ap3b1pe/Ap3b1pe
Genetic
Background
B6.C3-Ap3b1pe/J
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ap3b1pe mutation (4 available); any Ap3b1 mutation (95 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
mortality/aging
• about 40% survive less than 2 years

vision/eye
• absence of optokinetic nystagmus
• visual sensitivity is diminished on dim backgrounds but sensitivity is normal on bright backgrounds

nervous system
• inferior fasciculus of the accessory optic tract is significantly reduced
• denser optic projections to the contralateral anterior and posterior olivary pretectal nuclei
• projections to the rostral ipsilateral anterior olivary pretectal nucleus are reduced in density
• accessory input to the contralateral dorsal terminal nucleus is substantially reduced
• reduced ipsilateral projections to the superior colliculus
• reduced ipsilateral optic projections
• reduced ipsilateral projections to the visual cortex

respiratory system
• in about 3/8 of homozygotes surviving more than 2 years
• lungs show a moderately honeycombed structure
• moderate airspace enlargement

cardiovascular system
• in about 3/8 of homozygotes surviving more than 2 years

behavior/neurological
• absence of optokinetic nystagmus

homeostasis/metabolism
• platelet ATP levels are much lower than in C57BL/6J controls
• less than 3% of normal platelet serotonin levels
• platelets show impaired alpha granule content release in response to low-dose thrombin stimulation
• agonist-dependent lysosome release in platelets is impaired
• stimulation with a low dose of thrombin elicits a mutated release of lysosomal enzymes from platelets
• mice exhibit abnormal thrombus formation during laser-induced blood vessel damage, with total platelet accumulation severely attenuated by nearly 80%
• bleed time averaging over 15 minutes after tail nick is much greater than the 3.8 minutes for C57BL/6J controls
• the activity of beta-glucuronidase, a lysosomal enzyme, is reduced by 28% in platelets

hematopoietic system
• transmission electron microscopy of platelets shows that the dense granules have very little contents, although no other subcellular platelet abnormalities are found
• platelet ATP levels are much lower than in C57BL/6J controls
• platelet ADP levels are much lower than in C57BL/6J controls
• vastly reduced number of platelet dense granules
• less than 3% of normal platelet serotonin levels
• platelets show impaired alpha granule content release in response to low-dose thrombin stimulation
• agonist-dependent lysosome release in platelets is impaired
• stimulation with a low dose of thrombin elicits a mutated release of lysosomal enzymes from platelets
• mice exhibit abnormal thrombus formation during laser-induced blood vessel damage, with total platelet accumulation severely attenuated by nearly 80%

cellular
• platelet ATP levels are much lower than in C57BL/6J controls
• in primary macrophages and melanocyte derived cell lines of pearl mutants immunohistochemistry staining the delta subunit of the AP3 complex reveals a weak, diffuse cytoplasmic staining rather than the normal punctate pattern
• transmission electron microscopy shows numerous enlarged lysosomes in the kidney proximal tubule cells
• thrombin stimulation of platelets results in slightly more than half the normal levels of secretion of beta-glucuronidase and beta-galactosidase

renal/urinary system
• transmission electron microscopy shows numerous enlarged lysosomes in the kidney proximal tubule cells




Genotype
MGI:2655702
hm2
Allelic
Composition
Ap3b1pe/Ap3b1pe
Genetic
Background
involves: C3H/He
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ap3b1pe mutation (4 available); any Ap3b1 mutation (95 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
mortality/aging
• females tend to die during pregnancy and while nursing
• smaller litter sizes at birth
• reduced litter sizes at weaning

pigmentation
• about 6% of homozygotes have normal color patches (J:6739)
• if more than 5% of coat is normally pigmented then germinal reversion is also seen (J:6739)
• greatest at the base of hairs but affecting the whole hair
• snout, ears, feet and tail particularly lighter than controls
• the characteristic yellowish mask around the eyes is diluted to near-white
• white "mask" around eyes
• a long, narrow mid ventral white streak is occasionally observed
• at birth but normal in adults
• immature melanosome forms (type II/III) accumulate to a certain degree but fully mature forms are also observed
• increase in membrane blebbing on type IV melanosomes, suggesting abnormal vesicular trafficking

homeostasis/metabolism
• much reduced levels of serotonin in platelets and in each large dense granule
• less secretion of dense granule contents and of lysozymal enzymes in comparison to controls (1/2 normal in response to thrombin)

reproductive system
• about 1 in 7 females is sterile

vision/eye
• at birth but normal in adults

hematopoietic system
• decreased numbers of dense granules/platelet
• platelet numbers are normal
• much reduced levels of serotonin in platelets and in each large dense granule
• less secretion of dense granule contents and of lysozymal enzymes in comparison to controls (1/2 normal in response to thrombin)

behavior/neurological
• females that survive pregnancy and lactation make poor mothers

integument
• about 6% of homozygotes have normal color patches (J:6739)
• if more than 5% of coat is normally pigmented then germinal reversion is also seen (J:6739)
• greatest at the base of hairs but affecting the whole hair
• snout, ears, feet and tail particularly lighter than controls
• the characteristic yellowish mask around the eyes is diluted to near-white
• white "mask" around eyes
• a long, narrow mid ventral white streak is occasionally observed




Genotype
MGI:3702282
hm3
Allelic
Composition
Ap3b1pe/Ap3b1pe
Genetic
Background
involves: C3H/He * C57BL/6J
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ap3b1pe mutation (4 available); any Ap3b1 mutation (95 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
homeostasis/metabolism
• kidney glucuronidase levels elevated 2.5X over controls
• kidney galactosidase and mannosidase levels are also elevated
• increased kidney synthesis of glucuronidase
• decreased secretion of beta-galactosidase but not other lysosome enzymes

reproductive system
• the endometrial stroma and endometrial epithelium of the uterus are thinner than those in controls

renal/urinary system
• increased hypertrophy of proximal tubule cells after testosterone treatment as compared to controls




Genotype
MGI:5315726
ht4
Allelic
Composition
Ap3b1pe/Ap3b1pe-6J
Genetic
Background
(B6.C3-Ap3b1pe x C3H/HeJ-Ap3b1pe-6J)F1
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ap3b1pe mutation (4 available); any Ap3b1 mutation (95 available)
Ap3b1pe-6J mutation (0 available); any Ap3b1 mutation (95 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
integument

pigmentation
• ears, feet, and tail of mutant mice are lighter than wild-type




Genotype
MGI:5315768
ht5
Allelic
Composition
Ap3b1pe/Ap3b1pe-9J
Genetic
Background
(B6.C3-Ap3b1pe x C57BL/6J-Ap3b1pe-9J)F1
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ap3b1pe mutation (4 available); any Ap3b1 mutation (95 available)
Ap3b1pe-9J mutation (0 available); any Ap3b1 mutation (95 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
pigmentation
• coat, ears, feet, and tail have reduced pigmentation




Genotype
MGI:3586968
cx6
Allelic
Composition
Ap3b1pe/Ap3b1pe
Hps1ep/Hps1ep
Genetic
Background
involves: C3H/He * C3HeB/FeJ * C57BL/6J
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ap3b1pe mutation (4 available); any Ap3b1 mutation (95 available)
Hps1ep mutation (4 available); any Hps1 mutation (35 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
respiratory system
• increased ratio of lung wet weight to body weight
• large numbers of inflammatory cells increasing with age (5.6x normal at 1 year)
• most inflammatory cells in lungs are mononuclear macrophage
• lung epithelium with large numbers of giant cells containing "foamy" material
• type II cells and lamellar bodies are significantly enlarged
• massive lamellar bodies in type II cells (2.5-4.5 um and rarely to 28 um), engorged with surfactant
• large open air spaces in the lung parenchyma
• abnormal respiratory function as determined by in vivo measurement of lung hysteresivity

immune system
• mononuclear macrophage are of normal size at 8-15 weeks of age but enlarged at 1 year and containing foamy material
• large numbers of inflammatory cells increasing with age (5.6x normal at 1 year)
• most inflammatory cells in lungs are mononuclear macrophage

hematopoietic system
• mononuclear macrophage are of normal size at 8-15 weeks of age but enlarged at 1 year and containing foamy material

growth/size/body
• increased ratio of lung wet weight to body weight





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last database update
03/19/2024
MGI 6.23
The Jackson Laboratory