Antibody:	anti-GCNA (10D9G11)
Detection system:	Biotinylated secondary antibody/[Strept]avidin coupled to alkaline phosphatase

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: germ cell of testis	Present	Single cells	4A	Expression is present within the nuclei of spermatogenic cells.
TS28: spermatocyte	Strong	Single cells	4A	Strongest immunoreactivity within spermatagonia and spermatyocytes passing out of the basal compartment.
TS28: spermatogonium	Strong	Single cells	4A	Strongest immunoreactivity within spermatagonia and spermatyocytes passing out of the basal compartment.
TS28: interstitium of the testis	Absent		4A

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: spermatocyte	Strong	Single cells	4B	There is strong expression in the pachytene spermatocytes.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: spermatocyte	Strong	Single cells	4C	There is strong expression in the pachytene spermatocytes.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: spermatocyte	Strong	Single cells	4D	There is strong expression in the pachytene spermatocytes and spermatogonia.
TS28: spermatogonium	Strong	Single cells	4D	There is strong expression in the pachytene spermatocytes and spermatogonia.

Structure	Cell Type	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: spermatogonium		Strong	Single cells	4E	There is strong expression in the spermatogonia.
TS28: spermatocyte		Present	Single cells	4E	Strong expression in the pachytene spermatocytes as the chromosomes condense.
TS28: Leydig cell	Leydig cell	Absent		4E

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: spermatocyte	Strong	Single cells	4F	There is strong expression in the leptotene and zygotene spermatocytes; expression is less strong in the pachytene spermatocytes as the chromosomes condense.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: spermatid	Present	Single cells	4G	There is strong expression in the leptotene and zygotene spermatocytes, as well as in the round spermatids; expression is less strong in the pachytene spermatocytes as the chromosomes condense.
TS28: spermatocyte	Present	Single cells	4G	There is strong expression in the leptotene and zygotene spermatocytes, as well as in the round spermatids; expression is less strong in the pachytene spermatocytes as the chromosomes condense.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: spermatocyte	Present	Single cells	4H	There is strong expression in the leptotene and zygotene spermatocytes; expression is less strong in the pachytene spermatocytes as the chromosomes condense.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: spermatocyte	Present	Single cells	4I	There is strong expression in the leptotene and zygotene spermatocytes; expression is less strong in the pachytene spermatocytes as the chromosomes condense.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: primary spermatocyte	Present	Single cells	4J	There is strong expression in the leptotene and zygotene spermatocytes, as well as staining in the primary spermatocytes, but there is no expression in the diplotene spermatocytes.
TS28: spermatocyte	Present	Single cells	4J	There is strong expression in the leptotene and zygotene spermatocytes, as well as staining in the primary spermatocytes, but there is no expression in the diplotene spermatocytes.
TS28: spermatozoon	Absent		4J	No expression in elongating sperm.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: primary spermatocyte	Present	Single cells	4K	There is strong expression in the leptotene and zygotene spermatocytes, as well as staining in the primary spermatocytes, but there is no expression in the diplotene spermatocytes.
TS28: spermatocyte	Present	Single cells	4K	There is strong expression in the leptotene and zygotene spermatocytes, as well as staining in the primary spermatocytes, but there is no expression in the diplotene spermatocytes.
TS28: spermatozoon	Absent		4K	No expression in elongating sperm.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: spermatid	Present	Single cells	4L	There is strong expression in the leptotene and zygotene spermatocytes, prominent staining in the secondary spermatids.
TS28: spermatocyte	Present	Single cells	4L	There is strong expression in the leptotene and zygotene spermatocytes, prominent staining in the secondary spermatids.
TS28: spermatozoon	Absent		4L	No expression in elongating sperm.

Structure	Cell Type	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS27: germ cell of testis		Present	Single cells	6A	There is strong staining in the prespermatogonia. When dividing, the metaphase plates of these cells generally stain.
TS27: Leydig cell	Leydig cell	Absent		6A
TS27: Sertoli cell	Sertoli cell	Absent		6A	There is no staining in pre-Sertoli cells.

Structure	Cell Type	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: spermatocyte		Strong	Single cells	6B	There is strong staining in the spermatogonia and the leptotene and zygotene spermatocytes.
TS28: spermatogonium		Strong	Single cells	6B	There is strong staining in the spermatogonia and the leptotene and zygotene spermatocytes.
TS28: Leydig cell	Leydig cell	Absent		6B
TS28: Sertoli cell	Sertoli cell	Absent		6B

Structure	Cell Type	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: spermatogonium		Strong	Single cells	6C	There is strong staining in the spermatogonia (including staining of the metaphase plate when dividing).
TS28: spermatocyte		Present	Single cells	6C	Reduced staining in the pachytene spermatocytes.
TS28: Leydig cell	Leydig cell	Absent		6C
TS28: Sertoli cell	Sertoli cell	Absent		6C

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: seminiferous tubule	Present	Single cells	6D	There are a few positive cells, but these mutants generally lack spermatogenic cells.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: spermatid	Present	Single cells	6E	Expression is present in the nuclei of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and round spermatids.
TS28: spermatocyte	Present	Single cells	6E	Expression is present in the nuclei of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and round spermatids.
TS28: spermatogonium	Present	Single cells	6E	Expression is present in the nuclei of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and round spermatids.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS18: gonad primordium	Present	Single cells		There are a few expressing cells, most staining weakly.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS19: gonad	Present	Single cells	6F	There are a few expressing cells, most staining weakly.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS20: gonad	Present	Single cells	6G	There are numerous cells staining.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS22: ovary	Strong	Single cells	6H	There are many strongly staining cells, probably oogonia and oocytes.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS21: germ cell of testis	Present	Single cells		There are positive germ cells in the testis, most expressing weakly.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS22: seminiferous cord	Present	Single cells	6I	There are positive cells in the developing spermatogenic cords, most expressing weakly.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS26: primary oocyte	Strong		7A	Expression is present in oocytes.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS27: primary oocyte	Absent		7B	After birth, as the oocytes arrest at the diplotene/dictyate state and gain a layer of surrounding granulosa cells, they are no longer immunoreactive.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: primary oocyte	Absent		7C	After birth, as the oocytes arrest at the diplotene/dictyate state and gain a layer of surrounding granulosa cells, they are no longer immunoreactive.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS28: primary oocyte	Absent

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS24: seminiferous cord	Strong	Single cells	7D	As development proceeds, the gonocytes/prospermatogonia become more uniformly immunoreactive than seen in earlier ages.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS24: seminiferous cord	Strong	Single cells	7E	As development proceeds, the gonocytes/prospermatogonia become more uniformly immunoreactive than seen at earlier ages.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS26: seminiferous cord	Present	Single cells	7F	As development proceeds, the gonocytes/prospermatogonia become more uniformly immunoreactive than seen at earlier ages.

Structure	Level	Pattern	Image	Note
TS1: 1-cell stage embryo	Absent