Phenotype Image Detail

Image

Caption

(B) Vertebral columns of Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl/Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl Fst^tm1Zuk/Fst^tm1Zuk (Gasp2^-/-; Fst^-/-), Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl/Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl (Gasp2^-/-), wild-type (wt), Gdf11^tm1Sjl/Gdf11⁺ (Gdf11^+/-) and Gdf11^tm1Sjl/Gdf11^tm1Sjl (Gdf11^-/-) mice. Note the changes in the number of ribs. *Gasp2^-/-; Fst^-/- mice also had a reduced number of lumbar vertebrae from six to four, with extensive fusion of lumbar and sacral segments. (C) Cervical and anterior thoracic regions of Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl/Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl (Gasp2^-/-), wild-type (wt) and Gdf11^tm1Sjl/Gdf11^tm1Sjl (Gdf11^-/-) mice. Note the shift of the position of the anterior tuberculum (arrow) from C6 to C5 in Gasp2^-/- mice and from C6 to C7 in Gdf11^-/- mice. (D) Vertebrosternal ribs of Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl/Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl Fst^tm1Zuk/Fst^tm1Zuk (Gasp2^-/-; Fst^-/-), Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl/Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl Fst^tm1Zuk/Fst⁺ (Gasp2^-/-; Fst^+/-), Gdf11^tm1Sjl/Gdf11⁺ (Gdf11^+/-), and Gdf11^tm1Sjl/Gdf11^tm1Sjl (Gdf11^-/-) mice. Note changes in the number of attached ribs and additional cervical ribs (arrow). (E) Schematic representation of vertebral columns. Gdf11^+/- and Gdf11^-/- mice have anteriorly directed homeotic transformations of the axial skeleton. In contrast, mice lacking certain GDF-11 inhibitors (Gasp2^-/- and Gasp2^-/-;Fst^-/-) have posteriorly directed transformations. Cervical (orange), thoracic (purple), and lumbar (sky blue) vertebrae, anterior tuberculi (small blue dots), ectopic ribs from a cervical vertebra (green curved lines), sternums (red curves), and ribs (blue lines) are color coded as indicated. The dashed lines indicate the normal positions of typical vertebral characteristics: 6 for the anterior tuberculum, 14 for the most posterior rib attached to the sternum, 20 for the most posterior thoracic vertebra, and 26 for the most posterior lumbar vertebra.

Associated
Alleles

Symbol	Name
Fst^tm1Zuk	follistatin; targeted mutation 1, Martin M Matzuk
Gdf11^tm1Sjl	growth differentiation factor 11; targeted mutation 1, Sejin Lee
Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl	WAP, FS, Ig, KU, and NTR-containing protein 1; targeted mutation 1.1, Sejin Lee

Associated
Genotypes

Allelic Composition	Genetic Background
Gdf11^tm1Sjl/Gdf11^tm1Sjl	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6J
Gdf11^tm1Sjl/Gdf11⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6J
Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl/Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl	involves: 129 * C57BL/6
Fst^tm1Zuk/Fst^tm1Zuk Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl/Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl	involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6
Fst^tm1Zuk/Fst⁺ Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl/Wfikkn1^tm1.1Sjl	involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6

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