Gene Expression Literature Summary

Summary by Gene and Reference: Number indicates the number of results matching the search criteria recorded for each reference.
* Indicates detailed expression data entries available

Fgf4  fibroblast growth factor 4   (Synonyms: Fgf-4, Fgfk, Hst1, Hstf-1, kFGF)
Results	Reference
1*	J:133600 Aoki M, Kiyonari H, Nakamura H, Okamoto H, R-spondin2 expression in the apical ectodermal ridge is essential for outgrowth and patterning in mouse limb development. Dev Growth Differ. 2008 Feb;50(2):85-95
1*	J:135300 Babbs C, Furniss D, Morriss-Kay GM, Wilkie AO, Polydactyly in the mouse mutant Doublefoot involves altered Gli3 processing and is caused by a large deletion in cis to Indian hedgehog. Mech Dev. 2008 May-Jun;125(5-6):517-26
1*	J:67307 Bachler M, Neubuser A, Expression of members of the Fgf family and their receptors during midfacial development. Mech Dev. 2001 Feb;100(2):313-6
1	J:62547 Barna M, Hawe N, Niswander L, Pandolfi PP, Plzf regulates limb and axial skeletal patterning. Nat Genet. 2000 Jun;25(2):166-72
1	J:99990 Barna M, Pandolfi PP, Niswander L, Gli3 and Plzf cooperate in proximal limb patterning at early stages of limb development. Nature. 2005 Jul 14;436(7048):277-81
1*	J:168038 Bimonte S, De Angelis A, Quagliata L, Giusti F, Tammaro R, Dallai R, Ascenzi MG, Diez-Roux G, Franco B, Ofd1 is required in limb bud patterning and endochondral bone development. Dev Biol. 2011 Jan 15;349(2):179-91
1	J:158689 Bouldin CM, Gritli-Linde A, Ahn S, Harfe BD, Shh pathway activation is present and required within the vertebrate limb bud apical ectodermal ridge for normal autopod patterning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Mar 23;107(12):5489-94
1	J:95359 Brent AE, Braun T, Tabin CJ, Genetic analysis of interactions between the somitic muscle, cartilage and tendon cell lineages during mouse development. Development. 2005 Feb;132(3):515-28
1	J:36587 Bueno D, Skinner J, Abud H, Heath JK, Spatial and temporal relationships between Shh, Fgf4, and Fgf8 gene expression at diverse signalling centers during mouse development. Dev Dyn. 1996 Nov;207(3):291-9
1*	J:39658 Buscher D, Bosse B, Heymer J, Ruther U, Evidence for genetic control of Sonic hedgehog by Gli3 in mouse limb development. Mech Dev. 1997 Mar;62(2):175-82
1	J:153595 Butterfield NC, Metzis V, McGlinn E, Bruce SJ, Wainwright BJ, Wicking C, Patched 1 is a crucial determinant of asymmetry and digit number in the vertebrate limb. Development. 2009 Oct;136(20):3515-24
1*	J:199480 Cao T, Wang C, Yang M, Wu C, Wang B, Mouse limbs expressing only the Gli3 repressor resemble those of Sonic hedgehog mutants. Dev Biol. 2013 Jul 15;379(2):221-8
1*	J:27786 Chan DC, Laufer E, Tabin C, Leder P, Polydactylous limbs in Strong's Luxoid mice result from ectopic polarizing activity. Development. 1995 Jul;121(7):1971-8
1	J:29274 Chan DC, Wynshaw-Boris A, Leder P, Formin isoforms are differentially expressed in the mouse embryo and are required for normal expression of fgf-4 and shh in the limb bud. Development. 1995 Oct;121(10):3151-62
1*	J:19897 Charite J, de Graaff W, Shen S, Deschamps J, Ectopic expression of Hoxb-8 causes duplication of the ZPA in the forelimb and homeotic transformation of axial structures. Cell. 1994 Aug 26;78(4):589-601
1*	J:89228 Chen MH, Li YJ, Kawakami T, Xu SM, Chuang PT, Palmitoylation is required for the production of a soluble multimeric Hedgehog protein complex and long-range signaling in vertebrates. Genes Dev. 2004 Mar 15;18(6):641-59
1*	J:71186 Chiang C, Litingtung Y, Harris MP, Simandl BK, Li Y, Beachy PA, Fallon JF, Manifestation of the limb prepattern: limb development in the absence of sonic hedgehog function. Dev Biol. 2001 Aug 15;236(2):421-35
1	J:161416 Collette NM, Genetos DC, Murugesh D, Harland RM, Loots GG, Genetic evidence that SOST inhibits WNT signaling in the limb. Dev Biol. 2010 Jun 15;342(2):169-79
1	J:143544 Cortellino S, Wang C, Wang B, Bassi MR, Caretti E, Champeval D, Calmont A, Jarnik M, Burch J, Zaret KS, Larue L, Bellacosa A, Defective ciliogenesis, embryonic lethality and severe impairment of the Sonic Hedgehog pathway caused by inactivation of the mouse complex A intraflagellar transport gene Ift122/Wdr10, partially overlapping with the DNA repair gene Med1/Mbd4. Dev Biol. 2009 Jan 1;325(1):225-37
1*	J:49808 Crackower MA, Motoyama J, Tsui LC, Defect in the maintenance of the apical ectodermal ridge in the Dactylaplasia mouse. Dev Biol. 1998 Sep 1;201(1):78-89
1	J:205269 Cui C, Chatterjee B, Lozito TP, Zhang Z, Francis RJ, Yagi H, Swanhart LM, Sanker S, Francis D, Yu Q, San Agustin JT, Puligilla C, Chatterjee T, Tansey T, Liu X, Kelley MW, Spiliotis ET, Kwiatkowski AV, Tuan R, Pazour GJ, Hukriede NA, Lo CW, Wdpcp, a PCP protein required for ciliogenesis, regulates directional cell migration and cell polarity by direct modulation of the actin cytoskeleton. PLoS Biol. 2013 Nov;11(11):e1001720
1*	J:56564 De Arcangelis A, Mark M, Kreidberg J, Sorokin L, Georges-Labouesse E, Synergistic activities of alpha3 and alpha6 integrins are required during apical ectodermal ridge formation and organogenesis in the mouse. Development. 1999 Sep;126(17):3957-68
1	J:127326 Elsaid AF, Delot EC, Collins MD, Differential perturbation of the Fgf/Erk1/2 and Shh pathways in the C57BL/6N and SWV embryonic limb buds after mid-gestational cadmium chloride administration. Mol Genet Metab. 2007 Nov;92(3):258-70
1	J:200023 Farin HF, Ludtke TH, Schmidt MK, Placzko S, Schuster-Gossler K, Petry M, Christoffels VM, Kispert A, Tbx2 terminates shh/fgf signaling in the developing mouse limb bud by direct repression of gremlin1. PLoS Genet. 2013;9(4):e1003467
1	J:159210 Galli A, Robay D, Osterwalder M, Bao X, Benazet JD, Tariq M, Paro R, Mackem S, Zeller R, Distinct roles of Hand2 in initiating polarity and posterior Shh expression during the onset of mouse limb bud development. PLoS Genet. 2010;6(4):e1000901
1	J:176174 Garcia-Gonzalo FR, Corbit KC, Sirerol-Piquer MS, Ramaswami G, Otto EA, Noriega TR, Seol AD, Robinson JF, Bennett CL, Josifova DJ, Garcia-Verdugo JM, Katsanis N, Hildebrandt F, Reiter JF, A transition zone complex regulates mammalian ciliogenesis and ciliary membrane composition. Nat Genet. 2011 Aug;43(8):776-84
1	J:197579 Goetz SC, Liem KF Jr, Anderson KV, The spinocerebellar ataxia-associated gene Tau tubulin kinase 2 controls the initiation of ciliogenesis. Cell. 2012 Nov 9;151(4):847-58
1	J:98519 Grifone R, Demignon J, Houbron C, Souil E, Niro C, Seller MJ, Hamard G, Maire P, Six1 and Six4 homeoproteins are required for Pax3 and Mrf expression during myogenesis in the mouse embryo. Development. 2005 May;132(9):2235-49
1*	J:92504 Harfe BD, Scherz PJ, Nissim S, Tian H, McMahon AP, Tabin CJ, Evidence for an expansion-based temporal Shh gradient in specifying vertebrate digit identities. Cell. 2004 Aug 20;118(4):517-28
1*	J:46225 Hayes C, Brown JM, Lyon MF, Morriss-Kay GM, Sonic hedgehog is not required for polarising activity in the Doublefoot mutant mouse limb bud. Development. 1998 Feb;125(3):351-7
1*	J:154370 Heydeck W, Zeng H, Liu A, Planar cell polarity effector gene Fuzzy regulates cilia formation and Hedgehog signal transduction in mouse. Dev Dyn. 2009 Oct 29;238(12):3035-3042
1	J:144140 Hill TP, Taketo MM, Birchmeier W, Hartmann C, Multiple roles of mesenchymal beta-catenin during murine limb patterning. Development. 2006 Apr;133(7):1219-29
1*	J:42030 Hoyt PR, Bartholomew C, Davis AJ, Yutzey K, Gamer LW, Potter SS , Ihle JN , Mucenski ML, The Evi1 proto-oncogene is required at midgestation for neural, heart, and paraxial mesenchyme development. Mech Dev. 1997 Jul;65(1-2):55-70
1	J:232412 Jeon S, Seong RH, Anteroposterior Limb Skeletal Patterning Requires the Bifunctional Action of SWI/SNF Chromatin Remodeling Complex in Hedgehog Pathway. PLoS Genet. 2016 Mar;12(3):e1005915
1*	J:64686 Kobayashi A, Yamagiwa H, Hoshino H, Muto A, Sato K, Morita M, Hayashi N, Yamamoto M, Igarashi K, A combinatorial code for gene expression generated by transcription factor Bach2 and MAZR (MAZ-related factor) through the BTB/POZ domain. Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Mar;20(5):1733-46
1*	J:38380 Kuhlman J, Niswander L, Limb deformity proteins: role in mesodermal induction of the apical ectodermal ridge. Development. 1997 Jan;124(1):133-9
1*	J:101265 Kuijper S, Feitsma H, Sheth R, Korving J, Reijnen M, Meijlink F, Function and regulation of Alx4 in limb development: complex genetic interactions with Gli3 and Shh. Dev Biol. 2005 Sep 15;285(2):533-44
1	J:98917 Lallemand Y, Nicola MA, Ramos C, Bach A, Cloment CS, Robert B, Analysis of Msx1; Msx2 double mutants reveals multiple roles for Msx genes in limb development. Development. 2005 Jul;132(13):3003-14
1*	J:58081 Lettice L, Hecksher-Sorensen J, Hill RE, The dominant hemimelia mutation uncouples epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and disrupts anterior mesenchyme formation in mouse hindlimbs. Development. 1999 Nov;126(21):4729-36
1	J:66266 Lewandoski M, Sun X, Martin GR, Fgf8 signalling from the AER is essential for normal limb development. Nat Genet. 2000 Dec;26(4):460-3
1*	J:226028 Lewandowski JP, Du F, Zhang S, Powell MB, Falkenstein KN, Ji H, Vokes SA, Spatiotemporal regulation of GLI target genes in the mammalian limb bud. Dev Biol. 2015 Oct 1;406(1):92-103
1	J:69771 Lewis PM, Dunn MP, McMahon JA, Logan M, Martin JF, St-Jacques B, McMahon AP, Cholesterol modification of sonic hedgehog is required for long-range signaling activity and effective modulation of signaling by Ptc1. Cell. 2001 Jun 1;105(5):599-612
1	J:102949 Li C, Xu X, Nelson DK, Williams T, Kuehn MR, Deng CX, FGFR1 function at the earliest stages of mouse limb development plays an indispensable role in subsequent autopod morphogenesis. Development. 2005 Nov;132(21):4755-64
1	J:235489 Li J, Wang Q, Cui Y, Yang X, Li Y, Zhang X, Qiu M, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Suppressor of Fused Is Required for Determining Digit Number and Identity via Gli3/Fgfs/Gremlin. PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0128006
1	J:109101 Li Y, Zhang H, Litingtung Y, Chiang C, Cholesterol modification restricts the spread of Shh gradient in the limb bud. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Apr 25;103(17):6548-53
1	J:78941 Litingtung Y, Dahn RD, Li Y, Fallon JF, Chiang C, Shh and Gli3 are dispensable for limb skeleton formation but regulate digit number and identity. Nature. 2002 Aug 29;418(6901):979-83
1	J:98800 Liu A, Wang B, Niswander LA, Mouse intraflagellar transport proteins regulate both the activator and repressor functions of Gli transcription factors. Development. 2005 Jul;132(13):3103-11
1*	J:180785 Loebel DA, Hor AC, Bildsoe H, Jones V, Chen YT, Behringer RR, Tam PP, Regionalized Twist1 activity in the forelimb bud drives the morphogenesis of the proximal and preaxial skeleton. Dev Biol. 2012 Feb 15;362(2):132-40
1*	J:46971 Loomis CA, Kimmel RA, Tong CX, Michaud J, Joyner AL, Analysis of the genetic pathway leading to formation of ectopic apical ectodermal ridges in mouse Engrailed-1 mutant limbs. Development. 1998 Mar;125(6):1137-48
1	J:301249 Lopez-Delgado AC, Delgado I, Cadenas V, Sanchez-Cabo F, Torres M, Axial skeleton anterior-posterior patterning is regulated through feedback regulation between Meis transcription factors and retinoic acid. Development. 2021 Jan 4;148(1):dev193813
1*	J:338204 Luzzio A, Edie S, Palmer K, Caddle LB, Urban R, Goodwin LO, Welsh IC, Reinholdt LG, Bergstrom DE, Cox TC, Donahue LR, Murray SA, The spontaneous mouse mutant low set ears (Lse) is caused by tandem duplication of Fgf3 and Fgf4. Mamm Genome. 2023 Jun 21;
1*	J:80020 Marcil A, Dumontier E, Chamberland M, Camper SA, Drouin J, Pitx1 and Pitx2 are required for development of hindlimb buds. Development. 2003 Jan;130(1):45-55
1	J:121554 Martinelli DC, Fan CM, Gas1 extends the range of Hedgehog action by facilitating its signaling. Genes Dev. 2007 May 15;21(10):1231-43
1	J:91163 Mic FA, Sirbu IO, Duester G, Retinoic acid synthesis controlled by Raldh2 is required early for limb bud initiation and then later as a proximodistal signal during apical ectodermal ridge formation. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jun 18;279(25):26698-706
1	J:90991 Michos O, Panman L, Vintersten K, Beier K, Zeller R, Zuniga A, Gremlin-mediated BMP antagonism induces the epithelial-mesenchymal feedback signaling controlling metanephric kidney and limb organogenesis. Development. 2004 Jul;131(14):3401-10
1*	J:60091 Moon AM, Boulet AM, Capecchi MR, Normal limb development in conditional mutants of Fgf4. Development. 2000 Mar;127(5):989-96
1	J:66265 Moon AM, Capecchi MR, Fgf8 is required for outgrowth and patterning of the limbs. Nat Genet. 2000 Dec;26(4):455-9
1*	J:126341 Nam JS, Park E, Turcotte TJ, Palencia S, Zhan X, Lee J, Yun K, Funk WD, Yoon JK, Mouse R-spondin2 is required for apical ectodermal ridge maintenance in the hindlimb. Dev Biol. 2007 Nov 1;311(1):124-35
1	J:77442 Niederreither K, Vermot J, Schuhbaur B, Chambon P, Dolle P, Embryonic retinoic acid synthesis is required for forelimb growth and anteroposterior patterning in the mouse. Development. 2002 Aug;129(15):3563-74
1	J:78407 O'Rourke MP, Soo K, Behringer RR, Hui CC, Tam PP, Twist plays an essential role in FGF and SHH signal transduction during mouse limb development. Dev Biol. 2002 Aug 1;248(1):143-56
1	J:135130 Ota S, Zhou ZQ, Keene DR, Knoepfler P, Hurlin PJ, Activities of N-Myc in the developing limb link control of skeletal size with digit separation. Development. 2007 Apr;134(8):1583-92
1	J:135125 Pajni-Underwood S, Wilson CP, Elder C, Mishina Y, Lewandoski M, BMP signals control limb bud interdigital programmed cell death by regulating FGF signaling. Development. 2007 Jun;134(12):2359-68
1*	J:23922 Parr BA, McMahon AP, Dorsalizing signal Wnt-7a required for normal polarity of D-V and A-P axes of mouse limb. Nature. 1995 Mar 23;374(6520):350-3
1	J:168016 Reid BS, Yang H, Melvin VS, Taketo MM, Williams T, Ectodermal Wnt/beta-catenin signaling shapes the mouse face. Dev Biol. 2011 Jan 15;349(2):261-9
1	J:67731 Revest JM, Spencer-Dene B, Kerr K, De Moerlooze L, Rosewell I, Dickson C, Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2-IIIb acts upstream of Shh and Fgf4 and is required for limb bud maintenance but not for the induction of Fgf8, Fgf10, Msx1, or Bmp4. Dev Biol. 2001 Mar 1;231(1):47-62
1	J:129204 Robertson EJ, Charatsi I, Joyner CJ, Koonce CH, Morgan M, Islam A, Paterson C, Lejsek E, Arnold SJ, Kallies A, Nutt SL, Bikoff EK, Blimp1 regulates development of the posterior forelimb, caudal pharyngeal arches, heart and sensory vibrissae in mice. Development. 2007 Dec;134(24):4335-45
1*	J:96968 Sagai T, Hosoya M, Mizushina Y, Tamura M, Shiroishi T, Elimination of a long-range cis-regulatory module causes complete loss of limb-specific Shh expression and truncation of the mouse limb. Development. 2005 Feb;132(4):797-803
1*	J:88955 Schwabe GC, Trepczik B, Suring K, Brieske N, Tucker AS, Sharpe PT, Minami Y, Mundlos S, Ror2 knockout mouse as a model for the developmental pathology of autosomal recessive Robinow syndrome. Dev Dyn. 2004 Feb;229(2):400-10
1	J:128571 Selever J, Liu W, Lu MF, Behringer RR, Martin JF, Bmp4 in limb bud mesoderm regulates digit pattern by controlling AER development. Dev Biol. 2004 Dec 15;276(2):268-79
1*	J:104893 Seo KW, Wang Y, Kokubo H, Kettlewell JR, Zarkower DA, Johnson RL, Targeted disruption of the DM domain containing transcription factor Dmrt2 reveals an essential role in somite patterning. Dev Biol. 2006 Feb 1;290(1):200-10
1	J:128015 Sheth R, Bastida MF, Ros M, Hoxd and Gli3 interactions modulate digit number in the amniote limb. Dev Biol. 2007 Oct 15;310(2):430-41
1	J:61886 Sun X, Lewandoski M, Meyers EN, Liu YH, Maxson RE Jr, Martin GR, Conditional inactivation of Fgf4 reveals complexity of signalling during limb bud development. Nat Genet. 2000 May;25(1):83-6
1	J:78402 Sun X, Mariani FV, Martin GR, Functions of FGF signalling from the apical ectodermal ridge in limb development. Nature. 2002 Aug 1;418(6897):501-8
1*	J:65301 Tallquist MD, Weismann KE, Hellstrom M, Soriano P, Early myotome specification regulates PDGFA expression and axial skeleton development. Development. 2000 Dec;127(23):5059-70
1	J:77675 te Welscher P, Fernandez-Teran M, Ros MA, Zeller R, Mutual genetic antagonism involving GLI3 and dHAND prepatterns the vertebrate limb bud mesenchyme prior to SHH signaling. Genes Dev. 2002 Feb 15;16(4):421-6
1	J:86325 Treichel D, Schock F, Jackle H, Gruss P, Mansouri A, mBtd is required to maintain signaling during murine limb development. Genes Dev. 2003 Nov 1;17(21):2630-5
1	J:111607 Tribioli C, Lufkin T, Bapx1 homeobox gene gain-of-function mice show preaxial polydactyly and activated Shh signaling in the developing limb. Dev Dyn. 2006 Jun 21;235(9):2483-2492
1	J:138578 Verheyden JM, Sun X, An Fgf/Gremlin inhibitory feedback loop triggers termination of limb bud outgrowth. Nature. 2008 Jul 31;454(7204):638-41
1*	J:118340 Wang C, Pan Y, Wang B, A hypermorphic mouse Gli3 allele results in a polydactylous limb phenotype. Dev Dyn. 2007 Mar;236(3):769-76
1*	J:121609 Wang C, Ruther U, Wang B, The Shh-independent activator function of the full-length Gli3 protein and its role in vertebrate limb digit patterning. Dev Biol. 2007 May 15;305(2):460-9
1*	J:297665 Wood WM, Otis C, Etemad S, Goldhamer DJ, Development and patterning of rib primordia are dependent on associated musculature. Dev Biol. 2020 Dec 1;468(1-2):133-145
1	J:242833 Wu C, Li J, Peterson A, Tao K, Wang B, Loss of dynein-2 intermediate chain Wdr34 results in defects in retrograde ciliary protein trafficking and Hedgehog signaling in the mouse. Hum Mol Genet. 2017 Jul 01;26(13):2386-2397
1	J:203059 Xu B, Hrycaj SM, McIntyre DC, Baker NC, Takeuchi JK, Jeannotte L, Gaber ZB, Novitch BG, Wellik DM, Hox5 interacts with Plzf to restrict Shh expression in the developing forelimb. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Nov 26;110(48):19438-43
1	J:81331 Yada Y, Makino S, Chigusa-Ishiwa S, Shiroishi T, The mouse polydactylous mutation, luxate (lx), causes anterior shift of the anteroposterior border in the developing hindlimb bud. Int J Dev Biol. 2002;46(7):975-82
1*	J:52600 Yamaguchi TP, Bradley A, McMahon AP, Jones S, A Wnt5a pathway underlies outgrowth of multiple structures in the vertebrate embryo. Development. 1999 Mar;126(6):1211-23
1	J:184585 Yamamoto M, Matsuzaki T, Takahashi R, Adachi E, Maeda Y, Yamaguchi S, Kitayama H, Echizenya M, Morioka Y, Alexander DB, Yagi T, Itohara S, Nakamura T, Akiyama H, Noda M, The transformation suppressor gene Reck is required for postaxial patterning in mouse forelimbs. Biol Open. 2012;1(5):458-466
1	J:89029 Yashiro K, Zhao X, Uehara M, Yamashita K, Nishijima M, Nishino J, Saijoh Y, Sakai Y, Hamada H, Regulation of retinoic acid distribution is required for proximodistal patterning and outgrowth of the developing mouse limb. Dev Cell. 2004 Mar;6(3):411-22
1	J:159120 Zeng H, Hoover AN, Liu A, PCP effector gene Inturned is an important regulator of cilia formation and embryonic development in mammals. Dev Biol. 2010 Mar 15;339(2):418-28
1	J:83305 Zhang Q, Murcia NS, Chittenden LR, Richards WG, Michaud EJ, Woychik RP, Yoder BK, Loss of the Tg737 protein results in skeletal patterning defects. Dev Dyn. 2003 May;227(1):78-90
1	J:61723 Zhang Z, Yu X, Zhang Y, Geronimo B, Lovlie A, Fromm SH, Chen Y, Targeted misexpression of constitutively active BMP receptor-IB causes bifurcation, duplication, and posterior transformation of digit in mouse limb. Dev Biol. 2000 Apr 15;220(2):154-67
1*	J:149484 Zhou F, Leder P, Zuniga A, Dettenhofer M, Formin1 disruption confers oligodactylism and alters Bmp signaling. Hum Mol Genet. 2009 Jul 1;18(13):2472-82
1	J:58039 Zuniga A, Haramis AP, McMahon AP, Zeller R, Signal relay by BMP antagonism controls the SHH/FGF4 feedback loop in vertebrate limb buds. Nature. 1999 Oct 7;401(6753):598-602
1	J:91385 Zuniga A, Michos O, Spitz F, Haramis AP, Panman L, Galli A, Vintersten K, Klasen C, Mansfield W, Kuc S, Duboule D, Dono R, Zeller R, Mouse limb deformity mutations disrupt a global control region within the large regulatory landscape required for Gremlin expression. Genes Dev. 2004 Jul 1;18(13):1553-64
1*	J:76826 Zuniga A, Quillet R, Perrin-Schmitt F, Zeller R, Mouse Twist is required for fibroblast growth factor-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal signalling and cell survival during limb morphogenesis. Mech Dev. 2002 Jun;114(1-2):51
1*	J:49322 Zuniga A, Zeller R, Gli3 (Xt) and formin (ld) participate in the positioning of the polarising region and control of posterior limb-bud identity. Development. 1999 Jan;126(1):13-21